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ADMH > Trauma-Informed > Flashcards

Trauma-Informed Flashcards

1
Q

What is hyper-arousal?

A
  • Anxiety
  • Overwhelmed
  • Anger/aggression
  • Outbursts
  • Impulsivity
  • Over-eating/restricting

The fight/flight response.

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2
Q

What is hypo-arousal?

A
  • Feign death
  • Dissociation
  • Shut down
  • Memory loss
  • Auto-pilot
  • Separation from self, feelings, & emotions

The freeze response.

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3
Q

How does the TIP Guide define trauma?

A

As experiences that overwhelm an individual’s capacity to cope.
It is an individual’s experience of the event - not necessarily the event itself - that is traumatizing.
Those that are unexpected, significantly harmful, and beyond one’s control.

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4
Q

What percentage of all Canadians report some form of trauma exposure in their lifetime?

A

76%

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5
Q

What are some examples of traumatic experiences?

A
  • Sexual/physical abuse
  • Neglect
  • Significant personal loss
  • Criminal justice involvement
  • Violence
  • Accidents
  • Natural disasters
  • War, colonization
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6
Q

What are some dimensions that dictate the significance of the impact of trauma?

A
  • Magnitude
  • Frequency
  • Duration
  • Interpersonal vs. external
  • Cumulative vs. additive
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7
Q

What is the difference between cumulative and additive trauma?

A

Cumulative: The more times a traumatic event is experienced, the greater the impact.

Additive: Exposure to different types of trauma is correlated with greater impact.

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8
Q

How is trauma expressed physically?

A
  • Eating and sleeping disturbances
  • Pain
  • Low energy
  • Panic/anxiety
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9
Q

How is trauma expressed emotionally?

A
  • Depression
  • Crying
  • Extreme vulnerability
  • Emotional numbness
  • Fearfulness
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10
Q

How is trauma expressed behaviourally?

A
  • Self-harm
  • Substance abuse
  • Suicide attempts
  • Isolation
  • Unhealthy relationships
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11
Q

How is trauma expressed spiritually?

A
  • Guilt/shame
  • Questioning one’s purpose
  • Feeling like a “bad” person
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12
Q

How is trauma expressed cognitively?

A
  • Memory loss
  • Recollections
  • Difficulty making decisions
  • Inability to concentrate
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13
Q

Compared with people with 0 ACE’s, people with 5 or more were how many more times likely to report illicit drug use problems?

A

7-10x more likely.

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14
Q

What is trauma informed practice?

A
  • Multi-level approach to service delivery
  • Not therapy
  • Not a counselling technique
  • A paradigm for service delivery
  • Moves approach from “What is wrong with this person?” to “What has happened to this person?”
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15
Q

What is the difference between trauma-informed vs. trauma-specific treatment?

A

Trauma-informed is a global response, whereas trauma-specific aims to facilitate the healing in a person with trauma.
Trauma-informed is a framework in which we do all of our work, whereas trauma-specific is a service provided within a trauma-informed framework.

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16
Q

Does trauma-informed practice require disclosure of trauma?

Which principle is it based on?

A

No.

Based on the principle, “Do no harm”.

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17
Q

What does trauma-informed practice focus on? What about trauma-specific services?

A

Trauma-informed practice focuses on understanding the impacts of trauma and creating safety.
Trauma-specific services focus directly on the trauma & on trauma recovery.

18
Q

What is the Judith Herman 3-stage model?

A

1) Establishing safety (stabilization)
2) Remembrance & mourning
3) Reconnection

19
Q

What are the 4 R’s that organizations and their staff must follow in a trauma-informed practice?

A

REALIZE the prevalence of trauma
RECOGNIZE how trauma affects everyone involved with the organization
RESPOND by putting that knowledge
RESIST re-traumatization

20
Q

What are ways NOT to be trauma-informed?

A
  • Lack of education
  • Misdiagnosis of trauma responses
  • “Tradition of toughness”
  • Closed system
  • Lack of understanding
  • Labeling language
  • Lack of respect in routine interactions
  • Imposing automatic inflexible consequences
  • Power & control reside exclusively with staff
21
Q

What are some popular misconceptions surrounding TIP?

A
  • Assuming everyone who has experienced trauma needs treatment.
  • TIP means “letting people do whatever they want, without consequence”
  • TIP means addressing people’s trauma
22
Q

How can trauma affect the body?

A

When trauma and abuse become chronic, our bodies remain in a constant state of alertness.
Over time, this can stress the body’s internal systems, leading to many health problems.
A person’s ability to differentiate between threatening and harmless stimuli becomes compromised.
They then have a difficult time learning, remembering, and maintaining steadiness day-to-day.

23
Q

What does it mean that stress & trauma can shrink your window of tolerance?

A

It may be harder to stay calm and focused. When you’re outside your window of tolerance, you may be more easily thrown off balance.

24
Q

What is attachment?

A

The basis for a child’s understanding of safety, development of emotional regulation, coping, learning, and identity.

25
Q

What are the 4 different attachment styles?

A

1) Secure (I’m ok, ur ok)
2) Anxious-preoccupied (I’m not ok, ur ok)
3) Dismissive-avoidant (I’m ok, ur not ok)
4) Fearful-avoidant (I’m not ok, ur not ok)

26
Q

What does Dr. Gabor Mate say about attachment-trauma?

A

Attachment-trauma is connected to:

1) Lack of consistently safe relationships with caregivers
2) Inability to be authentic AND maintain secure attachment

27
Q

What are personality disorders?

A

Inflexible and maladaptive patterns of behaviour reflecting extreme variants of normal personality traits that have become rigid and dysfunctional.

28
Q

What are the types of personality disorders?

A 
Antisocial
Avoidant
Borderline
Dependent
Histrionic
Narcissistic
Obsessive-compulsive 
Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal
29
Q

What are the 4 trauma-informed principles according to the TIP Guide 2013?

A

1) Awareness
2) Safety & trustworthiness
3) Choice, collaboration, & connection
4) Strengths-based & skill building

30
Q

What are the 6 key principles of trauma-informed practices?

A
  • Acknowledgement
  • Safety
  • Trustworthiness
  • Choice & control
  • Relational & collaborative approaches
  • Strengths-based empowerment modalities
31
Q

What is awareness?

A

Refers to the awareness of the prevalence and impacts of trauma.

32
Q

What is safety?

A

Refers to physical, psychological, emotional, cultural, & spiritual safety.

33
Q

What is containment?

A

Refers to maintaining appropriate, healthy boundaries, and fostering internal regulation.

34
Q

How can we make safety the top priority?

A
  • Minimize triggers
  • Attend to dysregulation
  • Avoid re-traumatization
  • Do no harm
35
Q

What is re-traumatization?

A

A situation, attitude, interaction, or environment that reminds an individual of a past trauma and that triggers the overwhelming feelings & reactions associated with that experience.
Often replicates the dynamics of the original trauma.

36
Q

What are some examples of potentially re-traumatizing scenarios in a therapeutic setting?

A
  • Challenging or discounting reports of abuse
  • Allowing the abusive behaviour of one client towards another to continue
  • Applying rigid agency policies or rules
37
Q

What is trustworthiness?

A

Refers to us acting in ways that make us trustworthy (not about whether we trust our clients).

38
Q

What is the acronym BRAVING?

A 
Boundaries
Reliability
Accountability
Vault
Integrity
Nonjudgment
Generosity
39
Q

What is the difference between sympathy and empathy?

A

Sympathy: I feel sorry for you
Empathy: I’m here with you

40
Q

What are some tips you can use to increase/foster autonomy?

A
  • Ask permission
  • Identify “negotiables” and “non-negotiables”
  • Ask input & feedback, explore hesitations & motivations
41
Q

What is “strengths-based empowerment”?

A

Strengths-based: About identifying each person’s strengths - be specific.

Empowerment: The process of becoming stronger and more confident. Gaining the ability to control one’s life, increasing self-determination.

42
Q

What are the ABC’s of addressing trauma exposure response?

A

Awareness
Balance
Connection

ADMH (8 decks)

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