Trauma equipment and types of injury Flashcards

1
Q

hat are the types of injury

A

Wounds
Amputations
Fractures
Burns and scalds

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2
Q

What does GLADSHIP stand for

A

Gunshot
Lacerations
Abrasion
De - gloving
Skin tear
Hematoma
Incision
Puncture

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3
Q

what do you look at when your looking at a gunshot wound

A

Entry/exit wound
if the gunshot has exited in another location

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4
Q

what do you look at when your looking at a laceration

A

is it a cut or tear in the skin and is it jagged or wide

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5
Q

what do you look at when your looking at Abrasion

A

a graze has it scraped away the layers of the skin

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6
Q

what do you look at when your looking at De - Gloving

A

looking where skin and tissues are pulled away from the skeletal structures

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7
Q

what do you look at when your looking at a skin tear

A

is a tear of the upper layers of the skin often seen in elderly

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8
Q

what do you look at when your look at a Haemotoma

A

contusion or bruise

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9
Q

what do you look at when your looking at incisions

A

narrow cut as with scalpel or knife

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10
Q

what do you look at when your looking at a puncture

A

stab wounds puncture of the skin by and object

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11
Q

How do you control bleeding

A

adding direct pressure to the wound,elevating the limb above the heart,applying appropriate dressing or pressure bandage or tourniquet where appropriate

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12
Q

What is amputations

A

Partial or full amputations. Amputated parts should be wrapped in a sterile material dampened with saline put in a waterproof bag

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13
Q

What are the two types of fractures

A

Open and closed fractures

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14
Q

What is a open fractures

A

where the bone is exposed to the soft tissue and the skin

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15
Q

What is a closed fracture

A

Bone has not been exposed to the skin

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16
Q

What are the main signs and symptoms of a fracture

A

Pain
Swelling
Bruising
Deformity
and unable to weight bare

17
Q

What are the treatments of a fracture

A

immobilise
address any life-threatening injuries
Give o2 for long bone fractures
Dress wound if open
Give pain relief

18
Q

What are the causes of burns

A

Thermal
Chemical
Electrical
Radiation
Friction
cold

19
Q

What are the types of burns depth

A

Superficial first degree
Superficial partial 2nd degree
Deep partial
full thickness burns

20
Q

What is superficial first degree

A

the depth is the epidermis and the characteristics would be red, very painful, skin intact, and no blisters

21
Q

What is superficial partial

A

so the depth of this burn will be epidermis and dermis but will be red/pink, may look moist, painful, and superficial blistering

22
Q

What is Deep partial

A

the depth is the dermis and will look white with some red/pink mottled areas pain is limited but will have thick-walled blisters

23
Q

What is full thickness burns

A

depth is subcutaneous fat it will look white,leathery charred and will have no sensation

24
Q

How do you treat burns

A

remove burnt clothing if stuck to skin cut around it
remove any jewellery
cool the burn for 20 minutes
If electrical burn - ECG for arrythmias
Dressing – clingfilm but NOT for chemical burns
Analgesia

25
What are the types of dressing
- Gauze conforming bandages and tape - Ambulance dressing - Olaes Dressing / Pressure bandage - Blast dressing - Chest seals
26
Why do we use dressings?
Control bleeding Infection Prevention and control Also can reduce patient distress (especially with children)
27
What are the types of Splinting and Slings
Triangle bandage Box splints Vacu splints Pelvic blinder Kendrick traction device
28
Why do we use triangle bandages
We can use this as an arm sling and an elevation sling which helps provide stability and pain relief
29
Why do we use box splints
Different sizes which help provide effective immobilisations and support for lower limb fractures
30
Why do we use vacu splints
Comes in three different sizes for different limbs can be be moulded to the shape of the injury
31
What is a pelvic binder
is used for a pelvic injury and helps to provide stability
32
What is a kendrick traction device and what is it used for
Mid-shaft femur fractures it helps to immobilise the limb and pull it
33
Why do we immobilize fractures
reduce the risk to further damage i.e blood vessels, nerves,provide pain relief,reduce blood loss
34
What is a scoop stretcher
is used to move patient with minimal movement but should be used if the patient has blunt trauma
35
What is a vacu mattress
is used with the scoop stretcher creates less movement
36
What is the extraction board
Only used for extrication.
37
What is a spinal Motion Restriction
is prevent further injury for patients with the possibility of spinal injury To maintain inline c- spine immobilisation To minimise lateral movement of the whole body in relation to the neck
38
What is the Phrenic nerve
C3,C4 and C5 keep the Diaphragm alive C1- C5 keep the patient alive