Trauma Emergencies (Blast Injuries, Eye Injuries, & Near Drowning) Flashcards
Injury from projectiles [bomb fragments, flying debris]
Secondary Blast Injuries
If eye is irritated due to dust or debris, _____.
flush with clean water
Aspiration (Wet Drowning) occurs in how many percent of victims?
85%
Assessment in eye injuries
Immediate pain
Vision changes
Redness
Visible foreign material in the eye
[Eye Injuries] Activate emergency response if with serious problems to prevent _____.
permanent vision loss
Changes in the character of lung surfactant result in exudation of protein rich plasma in the alveoli. Thus, increased permeability happens leading to pulmonary edema and hypoxemia.
Freshwater Aspiration
If with _____, protect both eyes with a
bandage or eye shield.
bleeding
The hypertonicity of sea water exerts an osmotic force, which pulls fluid from pulmonary capillaries into the alveoli. The resulting intrapulmonary shunt causes hypoxemia.
Saltwater Aspiration
Examples are penetrating trauma, fragmentation injuries, blunt trauma
Secondary Blast Injuries
The victim doesn’t aspirate fluid but suffers respiratory obstruction or asphyxia.
Dry Near Drowning
If with penetrating eye injury, cover the eyes with a _____ with sterile bandages around.
plastic glass
The victim suffers recurrence of respiratory distress (usually aspiration pneumonia or pulmonary edema) within minutes or 2 days after a near-drowning accident.
Secondary Near Drowning
It refers to the injuries sustained from a blast wave from high explosives that can cause multisystem trauma.
Blast Injuries
Examples are TM rupture, pulmonary damage and air embolization, hollow viscus injury
Primary Blast Injuries
Drug for acidosis
Sodium Bicarbonate