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Paramedic Class 47 Drug List > Trauma and Pain Control > Flashcards

Trauma and Pain Control Flashcards

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1
Q

Fentanyl trade name?

A

Sublimaze

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2
Q

Fentanyl classification?

A

Opioid Analgesic

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3
Q

Fentanyl actions?

A

Combines with receptor sites in the brain to produce potent analgesic effects

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4
Q

Fentanyl onset/duration?

A

IV: 1-2 min / 30-60 min

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5
Q

Fentanyl indications?

A

Pain control, sedation for invasive airway procedures, pain control for right-sided myocardial infarction

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6
Q

Fentanyl Contraindications?

A

Respiratory depression, hypotension, head injury, cardiac dysrhythmias, myasthenia gravis, hypersensitivity

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7
Q

Fentanyl side effects?

A

Respiratory depression, bradycardia, hypotension or hypertension, nausea and vomiting, chest wall rigidity

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8
Q

Fentanyl Route of admission?

A

IV, IO, IM, IN

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9
Q

Fentanyl adult dose?

A

50-100mcg (max initial dose of 100mcg), slow over 1-2 min every 1-2 hours for pain control

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10
Q

Fentanyl peds dose?

A

1-2mcg/kg

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11
Q

Fentanyl supply?

A

100mcg/2mL

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12
Q

Fentanyl special consideration?

A

Do not mix with Amiodarone as it may cause profound bradycardia, sinus arrest, and hypotension

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13
Q

Hydromorphone trade name?

A

Dilaudid

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14
Q

Dilaudid classification?

A

Opioid Agonist, Analgesis

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15
Q

Dilaudid Actions?

A

Inhibits pain pathways altering perception and response to pain

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16
Q

Dilaudid onset/duration?

A

5 min / 3-5 hours in nondependent patients

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17
Q

Dilaudid indications?

A

Moderate to severe pain management, burns, analgesia

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18
Q

Dilaudid contraindications?

A

Hypersensitivity, head injury or head trauma, hypotension, respiratory depression, asthma, GI obstruction

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19
Q

Dilaudid side effects?

A

Respiratory depression, altered LOC, bradycardia, nausea and vomiting, constricted pupils, drowsiness, hypotension, seizures, hallucinations, agitation, and delirium

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20
Q

Dilaudid route of administration?

A

IV/IO, IM

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21
Q

Dilaudid adult dose?

A

0.015mg/kg ; max initial dose 2mg

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22
Q

Dilaudid peds dose?

A

There isn’t one

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23
Q

Dilaudid supply?

A

1mg/1ml prefilled syringe

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24
Q

Dilaudid special considerations?

A

in patients 65 years or older administer half the normal dose and titrate to their pain tolerance

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25
Q

Toradol generic name?

A

Ketorlac

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26
Q

Toradol classification?

A

NSAID

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27
Q

Toradol actions?

A

Anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits peripherally acting nonnarcotic analgesic activity by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis

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28
Q

Toradol onset/duration?

A

Within 10 min / 6-8 hours

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29
Q

Toradol indications?

A

Short-term pain management (<5 days) of moderate to severe pain

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30
Q

Toradol contraindications?

A

Hypersensitivity, allergies to aspirin or other NSAIDs, bleeding disorders, renal failure, active peptic ulcer disease. (may increase bleeding so think of other pain management drugs associated with kidney stones.

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31
Q

Toradol side effects?

A

Anaphylaxis, edema, sedation, bleeding disorder, rash, nausea, headache

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32
Q

Toradol route of admission?

A

IV, IM

33
Q

Toradol adult dose?

A

IV: 15mg over 1 min
IM: 30mg

34
Q

Toradol supply?

A

15 or 30mg in 1ml or 60mg in 2mL

35
Q

Toradol special considerations?

A

Reduce dose when giving to a patient over 65

36
Q

Morphine Sulfate trade name?

A

Duramorph, Astamorph

37
Q

Morphine classification?

A

Narcotic, opioid analgesic

38
Q

Morphine actions?

A

Powerful pain killer. It’s also an arterial and venodilator that pools blood and decreases both preload and after load of the heart. This decreases the workload on the heart that decreases myocardial oxygen demand. It is a CNS depressant which helps alleviate anxiety.

39
Q

Morphine onset/duration?

A

5-10 min, peaks in 20 min / 4-5 hours

40
Q

Morphine indications?

A

Chest pain unrelieved by nitro. Severe (non-cardiac) pain

41
Q

Morphine contraindications?

A

Hypotension, head injury, abdominal injury or pain

42
Q

Morphine side effects?

A

Respiratory depression, hypotension, nausea, and vomiting

43
Q

Morphine route of administration?

A

IV slow push, IM (do not give IM to cardiac chest pain patients)

44
Q

Morphine adult dose?

A

STEMI:
2-4mg IV, may give additional at 2-8mg at 5-15 min

Unstable Angina / NSTEMI:
1-5mg IV, only if pain is not reduced by nitrates

Pain:
IM- 0.1mg/kg; max dose 15mg
IV,IO- 0.1mg/kg; max dose 10mg

45
Q

Morphine peds dose?

A

0.1-0.2mg/kg slow IVP; max dose 15mg

46
Q

Morphine supply?

A

10mg/1ml prefilled syringes

47
Q

Morphine special considerations?

A

May worsen bradycardia or heart block in inferior MI

48
Q

Ondansetron trade name?

A

Zofran

49
Q

Zofran classifications?

A

Antiemetic

50
Q

Zofran Actions?

A

Blocks the serotonin 5-HT3 receptors found in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and peripherally at vagal nerve terminals in the intestines

51
Q

Zofran onset/duration?

A

Within 30 min/ 3-6 hours

52
Q

Zofran indications?

A

Nausea and vomiting

53
Q

Zofran contraindications?

A

Hypersensitivity, GI obstruction, Liver disease, prolonged QT syndrome

54
Q

Zofran side effects?

A

Flushing, hiccups, dizziness, constipation, headache, drowsiness, dry mouth

55
Q

Zofran route of administration?

A

PO, IV, IM, SL

56
Q

Zofran adult dose?

A

IV: 4mg, injected over 30 seconds
IM: 4mg
PO: 4mg tablets

57
Q

Zofran supply?

A

4mg/2ml vials
2mg/ml vials
4mg tablets

58
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate trade name?

A

There isn’t one

59
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate classification?

A

Alkalinizing agent, electrolyte replacement

60
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate actions?

A

Neutralizes excess acid in the blood and interstitial fluid. Returns blood to a normal pH by increasing the availability of the bicarbonate ion

61
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate onset/duration?

A

Rapid/ 8-10 min

62
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate indications?

A

Pre-exisiting metabolic acidosis associated with cardiac arrest, shock, and DKA. Hyperkalemia. To promote the excretion of some types of barbiturate and salicylate overdoses. Tricyclic antidepressant overdoses and crush injuries.

63
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate contraindications?

A

Hypokalemia. Conditions in which a patient cannot handle an increased salt load, such as CHF to renal failure. Metabolic alkalosis.

64
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate side effects?

A

Increases intravascular volume. Lowers serum potassium. Raises the arterial carbon dioxide levels. Inactivates catecholamines. Metabolic alkalosis. Tissue necrosis if infiltrated at the IV site.

65
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate route of administration?

A

IV, IV infusion

66
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate adult dose?

A

IV: 1 mEq/kg

crush injuries-
IVP: 1 mEq/kg

67
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate peds dose?

A

IV, IO: 1 mEq/kg per dose

68
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate supply?

A

prefilled syringes of 50 mL containing 1 mEq/mL (8.4%)

69
Q

Sodium Bicarbonate special considerations?

A

Flush the IV line well when using Sodium Bicarbonate before and after epi or calcium chloride

70
Q

Tranexamic Acid generic name?

A

TXA

71
Q

TXA classification?

A

Antifibrinolytic

72
Q

TXA actions?

A

Synthetic amino acid (lysine) that blocks plasminogen from being converted too the enzyme plasmin. Plasmin works to break down already formed blood clots in a process known as fibrinolysis

73
Q

TXA onset/duration?

A

unknown/ 7-8 hours

74
Q

TXA indications?

A

Major trauma with severe blood loss

75
Q

TXA contraindications?

A

Hypersensitivity, Thromboembolic disorders

76
Q

TXA side effects?

A

Nausea and vomiting, joint pain, headaches, hypotension, thrombus

77
Q

TXA route of administration?

A

IV drip

78
Q

TXA adult dose?

A

1 gram in 100 mL NS over 10 min

79
Q

TXA supply?

A

Different concentrations, refer to your medical control

Paramedic Class 47 Drug List (11 decks)

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