EMT Drugs

Question 1

Aspirin trade name?

Answer 1

Bayer, St. Joseph, ASA

Question 2

Aspirin classification?

Answer 2

Antipyretic, analgesic, antiplatelet

Question 3

Aspirin actions?

Answer 3

Reduces platelet aggression to minimize myocardial infarct size. Will also increase bleeding times.

Question 4

Aspirin onset/duration?

Answer 4

15-30min / 4-6 hours, antiplatelet effects may persist 4-10 days

Question 5

Aspirin indications?

Answer 5

New onset chest pain considered being cardiac on origin. Myocardial infarction or prevention of myocardial infarction

Question 6

Aspirin contraindications?

Answer 6

Bleeding disorders including active GI bleed and stomach ulcers. Hypersensitivity to salicylates. Hemorrhagic stroke.

Question 7

Aspirin side effects?

Answer 7

Nausea, vomiting, GI bleeding, peptic ulcer, rash, urticaria, and bronchospasm. Toxic levels (>300 mcg/ml), tinnitus, headache, dizziness, confusion, hyperpyrexia, and metabolic acidosis

Question 8

Aspirin route of admin?

Answer 8

PO

Question 9

Aspirin adult dose?

Answer 9

81 to 325 mg

Question 10

Aspirin peds dose?

Answer 10

Not indicated in pre-hospital setting

Question 11

Aspirin supply?

Answer 11

325 mg tablets, 81 mg (baby aspirin) tablets

Question 12

Epi 1:1000 trade name?

Answer 12

Adrenaline

Question 13

Epi 1:1000 classification?

Answer 13

Endogenous catecholamine; sympathomimetic

Question 14

Epi 1:1000 actions?

Answer 14

Epi contains both alpha, beta-1, and beta-2 properties. It is both a positive chronotropic and inotropic drug as well as a potent bronchodilator

Question 15

Epi 1:1000 onset/duration?

Answer 15

IM: 5-10 min

Question 16

Epi 1:1000 indications?

Answer 16

Acute allergic reaction, anaphylaxis

Question 17

Epi 1:1000 contraindication?

Answer 17

Hypersensitivity

Question 18

Epi 1:1000 side effects?

Answer 18

Tachycardia, headache, nausea, and vomiting, restlessness, weakness, dysrhythmias, hypertension, precipitation of angina pectoris

Question 19

Epi 1:1000 route of admin?

Answer 19

IM, ETT, IV/IO infusion

Question 20

Epi 1:1000 adult dose?

Answer 20

Anaphylaxis:
0.3-0.5 mg IM
Every 5-15 min

Question 21

Epi 1:1000 supply?

Answer 21

1mg/1ml ampules

1mg/1ml in 30ml vials

Question 22

Epi 1:1000 special considerations?

Answer 22

Epi is light sensitive

Question 23

Naloxone trade name?

Answer 23

Narcan

Question 24

Narcan classification?

Answer 24

Narcotic (opiate) antagonist

Question 25

Narcan actions?

Answer 25

Specific antidote for narcotic agents. Effective on counteracting the effects of an overdose from any of these agents by binding with narcotic receptor sites

Question 26

Narcan onset/duration?

Answer 26

< 2 min / 30-120 min

Question 27

Narcan indications?

Answer 27

Narcotic overdose or coma of unknown origin

Question 28

Narcan contraindications?

Answer 28

Known hypersensitivity to the drug

Question 29

Narcan side effects?

Answer 29

May precipitate acute narcotic withdrawal syndrome; may cause cardiac dysrhythmias, chills, vomiting, and flash pulmonary edema

Question 30

Narcan route of admin?

Answer 30

IV, IM, IO, ETT, or IN

Question 31

Narcan adult dose?

Answer 31

IN: I mL per nostril; max cumulative IN dose 12mg IV,IM,IO: 0.4mg-2mg repeated every 2-3 min as necessary up to 15mg ETT: 2-2.5mg times the IV dose added to NS for a total volume of 10mL in a syringe. May be redosed up to max 15mg

Question 32

Narcan peds dose?

Answer 32

IV,IO: 0.1mg/kg up to 2mg. May repeat in 5 min | ETT: 2-3 times the IV dose

Question 33

Narcan supply?

Answer 33

Prefilled syringe 2mg/2mL | or 0.4mg/ml vials

Question 34

Nitroglycerin trade name?

Answer 34

Nitrostat | Nitrolingual spray

Question 35

Nitro classification?

Answer 35

Antianginal, nitrate

Question 36

Nitro actions?

Answer 36

Relaxes smooth muscle of coronary arteries and veins. This reduces preload on the heart and increase perfusion to ischemic myocardial tissue

Question 37

Nitro onset/duration?

Answer 37

1-3 min /IV: 3-5 min SL: about 25 min

Question 38

Nitro indications?

Answer 38

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), chest pain due to angina pectoris; CHF and pulmonary edema

Question 39

Nitro contraindications?

Answer 39

Increased ICP, hypotension (systolic less than 90), erectile dysfunction medication such as Viagra, Cialis, Levitra taken within the past 24 hours, or known right ventricle infarct

Question 40

Nitro side effects?

Answer 40

Headache, hypotension, syncope

Question 41

Nitro route of admin?

Answer 41

SL spray, tablets, IV infusion

Question 42

Nitro adult dose for chest pain?

Answer 42

Tablets: 0.4mg SL every 5 min up to 3 tablets Spray: 1-2 sprays (0.4mg/dose) every 5 min; max 5 sprays in 15 min IV infusion: 10mcg/min (infusion mixture): 5mL (25mg) in 250mL NS to equal a 100 mcg/ml concentration

Question 43

Nitro adult dose for PE?

Answer 43

``` tablets: 2 tablets (0.8mg dose) every 5 min up to 3 doses, if SBP > 160. 3 tablets (1.2mg dose) every 5 min up to 3 doses, if SBP > 200. ```

Question 44

Oral glucose classification?

Answer 44

Monosaccharide, carbohydrate

Question 45

Oral glucose actions?

Answer 45

after absorption of the GI tract, glucose is distributed into the tissues and provides a prompt increase in circulating blood sugar.

Question 46

Oral glucose onset/duration?

Answer 46

10 min

Question 47

Oral glucose indications?

Answer 47

Hypoglycemia

Question 48

Oral glucose contraindications?

Answer 48

Hyperglycemia

Question 49

Oral glucose side effects?

Answer 49

Nausea

Question 50

Oral glucose route of admin?

Answer 50

PO

Question 51

Oral glucose adult dose?

Answer 51

15-45 grams

Question 52

Oral glucose supply?

Answer 52

37.5 grams prefilled tubes

Question 53

Oral glucose special considerations?

Answer 53

Do not give to pt with an altered LOC. Pt must be able to protect their own airway.

Question 54

Oxygen adult and peds dose?

Answer 54

24%-100% depending on the liter flow and delivery method