Trauma Flashcards
What are injuries to more than one body system
Multisystem Trauma
What are the types of motor vehicle crashes
Frontal(Head On), Lateral(T-bone), rear end, Rollovers, Rotational(Spins)
What are the three types of collisions in a typical impact.
Collision of your car to another object ie tree, car, building.
The collision of your Body to the inside of the car.
The collision of your internal organs to the inside cavities of your body.
The term for the brain hitting the inside of the skull in a car accident, causing a compression injury to the front of the brain, and a tearing injury to the back.
Coup-Countercoup Brain Injury.
The worse the Damage to the motor Vehicle, what should you assume.
The Worse the Injury to the person inside the car.
What should you assume if the windshield of the car is starred and pushed out.
The patient has a brain injury.
What are some pieces of evidence for a significant MOI in a car crash.
Foreign object entering the compartment of the car, One or more passengers dead, Severe frontal damage to the vehicle. Crashes in which there was a rotation or rollover, significant rear end damage. Ejection from the vehicle.
what is the function of air bags
to decrease the severity of deceleration injuries
What is the height requirement for a child to sit in the front seat of a car.
4 foot 9 to sit in the front seat, and in the case of pick up trucks, the air bag should be turned off.
If an air bag has not been depplyed in a a motor vehicle accident, what should you do.
Have caution when extricating the patient.
What are some thigns to worry about when encountering a rear-end crash.
The patiend may have suffered whiplash. The cervical spine could be injured if there is no sign of head unjury.
What is a controlled crash
When a biker turns the bike on its side to avoid impact, but instead have it separate and slide away, if done right the biker may be protected by his or her anti-skid protective clothing.
how must a fall be to be considered significant
20 feet or more
What are some things to remembered when treating a patient who has suffered a fall.
suspect internal injuries. Always consider why they fell, potential syncope could be the cause or other underlying conditions such as diabetes.
What are some things to consider in regards to MOI regarding fall.
Check for head injury for the sake of spinal immobilization. Consider the surface they fell onto, the height of the fall. The part of the body that hit first.
What are some things to consider when dealing with penetrating trauma.
The number of penetrating injuries, what other possible life-threatening conditions could the patient be suffering from the penetrating trauma.
What is Cavitation.
When the object moves inside the body, but not in along the suspected pathway.
How can you tell from the exit wounds that the patient was shot.
the exit wound is most likely much larger than the entry wound.
What are some symptoms of penetrating trauma to the neck.
Noisy or labored breathing Increased respiratory rate Altered gag reflex Decreasing or low Glasgow Coma Scale Rapid or Weak pulse Decreasing or low blood pressure
What are some symptoms of significant Chest blunt force trauma in car crashes and
Significant chest pain increased respiratory rate shortness of breath Asymmetric chest movements Decreasing Glasgow coma scale decreasing blood pressure lowering pulse jugular vein distention
What are some symptoms of blunt force trauma or penetrating trauma in other areas besides the chest in regards to motor vehicle crashes.
Difficulty moving extremities
pain in those areas
decreasing or low blood pressure.
loss of consciousness, altered mental status, combativeness, inability to focus.
what are some symptoms of blunt force trauma from falls, or penetrating trauma
severe back and/or neck pain.
difficulty difficulty moving extremities
rapid, weak or slow pulse
decreasing Glasgow Coma Scale (<9 is dangerous)
Signs of blunt force trauma to chest
Broken ribs
cardiac or pulmonary contusion
Pneumothorax, or Hemothorax.
What are Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, and Quaternary Blast injuries
Primary: the damage cause by the pressure wave from the explosion, as a direct result from it. rupture eardrums, disrupting blood vessels etc.
secondary: The damage to your body as a result from the flying debris, glass, shrapnel etc.
Tertiary: this damage comes from the patient being hurled against surfaces and the damage being caused as a result of that.
Quaternary: The damage caused by Miscellaneous aspects of the explosion such as burns, respiratory damage from inhaling toxic chemicals.
what is the tympanic membrane
A small part of the ear that is meant to detect small changes in pressure, it will rupture at pressures of 5 to 7 pounds per square inch above atmosphic pressure
types of injuries as a result of blasts.
Pulmonary Blast injuries: pulmonary trauma that is a result of short range exposure to the detonation from explosives.
Arterial AIr embolism
