Trauma Flashcards
Where is it important to check in metallic foreign body
Under the eyelid
Management of metallic foreign body
Instil topical anaesthetic and remove
Management if rust ring remains after metallic FB removal
There is still going to be toxic damage to the cornea so refer
Whats important to establish in chemical injuries
Where the chemical was acid or alkali
Which pH of chemical injury is worse
Alkali as it penetrates the eye more
How are chemical injuries graded
Based on details through the corneal oedema
Management of chemical injury
Test pH, irrigate eye until pH of eye normalises
Common causes of corneal abrasions
Contact lenses, FB, fingernails, eyelashes, entropion
Which infection is associated with contact lens wearers
Pseudomonas
Presentation of corneal abrasions
Painful red eye, FB sensation, watering eye, blurring vision, photophobia
Diagnosis of corneal abrasion
Fluorescein stain
How long does it take for uncomplicated corneal abrasions to heal
2-3 days
What is a sign of corneal perforation
Iris prolapse and tear drop iris sign.
What is a blow out fracture
Fracture of the orbital floor
What happens in a subconjunctival haemorrhage
Small blood vessels in the conjunctiva rupture and release blood inbetween the sclera and conjunctiva.
Causes of subconjunctival haemorrhage
After episodes of strenuous activity, trauma or relating to predisposing condition
Predisposing conditions to a subconjunctival haemorrhage
HTN, bleeding disorders, whooping cough, medications, NAI
Presentation of subconjunctival haemorrhage
Bright red patch of blood underneath the conjunctiva and in front of the sclera covering the white of the eye. Painless, no vision changes
Management of subconjunctival haemorrhage
Resolve spontaneously without treatment
Eg of blunt trauma to the eye
Blowout fracture, traumatic mydriasis, lens subluxation, traumatic cataract, traumatic iris loss, iridodialysis
Which type of eyelid laceration will require specialist management
Full thickness laceration affecting the punctum due to the lacrimal drainage needing to be repaired
