Trauma 1: soft tissue injury

Question 1

what are soft tissue injuries?

Answer 1

TRAUMTIC INJURIES
- sprains
- strains
- dislocations
- subluxations : partial dislocation

Question 2

SPRAIN:

Answer 2

• is an injury to ligaments around a joint
  -wrenching or twisting motion

Question 3

GRADE 1 sprain:

Answer 3

few fiber tears; mild tenderness and swelling
mild tenderness, mild swelling still functional

Question 4

grade 2 sprain

Answer 4

partial disruption of tissue; increased swelling and tenderness
- bit more extensive, stiffen up after movement

Question 5

grade 3 sprain

Answer 5

complete tear with moderate or severe swelling
- ligament has be comped
often pt wont be able to function with this torn ligament
results in surgery

Question 6

STrain:

Answer 6

big stretching of muscle and fascia and may involve tendon
occurs in large muscle groups : lower back calves and hammy bammys

Question 7

grade one strain

Answer 7

mild or slightly pulled muscle

Question 8

grade two strain

Answer 8

moderately torn muscle

Question 9

grade three strain

Answer 9

severely torn or ruptured muscle

Question 10

manifestations of sprains and strains:

Answer 10

• pain
• edema
  -decreased function
  -bruising

Question 11

diagnosis for sprains and strains:

Answer 11

• history and physical
• xray ( to r/o fracture)
• MRI
• CT scan

Question 12

complications of sprains and strains:

Answer 12

• avulsion fracture: tendon or ligament is pulled resulting in a piece of bone breaking away
• subluxation: partial dislocation
• dislocation
• hemarthosis: articular bleeding into joint cavity
• dysplasia: abnormalty of development

Question 13

nursing impementation of sprains and strains:

Answer 13

health promotion/eduction
- warm up
- strength balance and endurance excercises
- start gradually

Question 14

nursing impementation continued:

Answer 14

acute care/interventions
RICE
Rest: stop activity and limit movement
ICE: 24-48hrs, 20 to 30 mins at a time
Compression: elastic bandage, apply distal to proximal
Elevate above the heart
- analgesia

Question 15

treatment for sprains and strains:

Answer 15

• self limiting (grades 1 -2)
• RICE (go to therapy)
• surgical repair (complete or grade 3 pair at discretion of physcian)

Question 16

Dislocation:

Answer 16

complete displacement or speration of the articular surfaces of the joint

Question 17

Subluxation:

Answer 17

partial or incomplete displacement of the joint surface symptoms are less severe
(shoulders and knee caps)

Question 18

symptoms of both dislocation and subluxation?

Answer 18

deformity, pain, tenderness, loss of function, swelling

Question 19

complications for both dislocation and subluxation?

Answer 19

intraarticular fractures (fracture that crosses joint surface) and avascular necrosis (dead tissue of inadequate blood flow)

Question 20

diagnosis of dislocation and subluxation?

Answer 20

xray (determines extent of displacement) and/ or aspiration (assess for hemoarthosis or fat cells, indicate probable intraarticular fracture)