Balance & Disturbances - Electrolytes

Question 1

Nursing Implication for assessing electrolyte balance include: 8

Answer 1

1. Assess overall fluid balance by monitoring daily we, I&O
2. Assess neurological status; LOC
3. Evaluate sensor and motor function; neuromuscular irritability
4. Monitor VS, and electrolytes
5. Look at EKF to detect changes
6. Assess nutritional status (electrolytes are obtained through food we eat)
7. Evaluate health hx for medical conditions
8. Evaluate medication hx for prescription or OTC drugs that can interfere

Question 2

What are the factors that influence body fluid?

Answer 2

1. Age
2. Gender
3. Body Fat
4. Skeleton v.s muscle, skin and blood

Question 3

what percent of the body is fluid (water and electrolytes)?

Answer 3

60%

Question 4

Intracellular Space (ICF):

Answer 4

1. 2/3rds of body water is found within cells
2. About 40% of body weight of an adult
   ** Fluid inside of the cell

Question 5

Extracellular Fluid (ECF)

Answer 5

1. 1/3rd of body water is located outside cells
   ** Fluid outside of the cell
   - Intravascular = contains plasma (within blood vessel)
   - Intersitial

Question 6

Third Spacing Manifestations: 5

Answer 6

1. Decreased urine output
2. Increase heart rate
3. Decreased BP, Decreased CVP
4. Edema
5. Increase body weight

Question 7

Electrolytes help regulate homeostasis. Which functions are performed by electrolytes? 4

Answer 7

1. Promote neuromuscular irritability
2. Maintain body fluid osmolality
3. Regulate acid base balance
4. Regulate distribution of body fluid amount body fluid compartments

Question 8

Cation (+) Electrolytes:

Answer 8

1. Sodium (Na+)
2. Potassium (K++)
3. Calcium (Ca++)
4. Magnesium (Mg++)

Question 9

Anion (-) Electrolytes:

Answer 9

1. Bicarbonate (HCO3-)
2. Chloride (Ch-)
3. Phosphate (PO4-)

Question 10

Regulations of fluid 4 modes:

Answer 10

1. Osmosis and Osmolality
2. Diffusion
3. Filtration
4. Sodium-Potassium pump