Magnesium - Electrolytes Flashcards
1
Q
normal mag range :
critical mag range:
A
normal: 1.6 - 2.6
critical: less than 1.2 or greater than 4.9
2
Q
what does magnesium electrolyte maintain? 5
A
- Regulating Muscle and nerve function
- Blood Sugar levels
- Immune System
- Important for normal cardiac function
- Stimulates Parathyroid Hormone (regulates Calcium)
3
Q
Hypomagnesemia often associated with what and why?
A
- often associated with hypokalemia
- Low Mg makes low K resistant to treatment (treat mag first then)
- Keep cardiac pt at 2.0
- Supplements: PO or IV
4
Q
what are some causes of hypomagnesemia? 6
A
- Mg absorbed in the intestine
- Renal loss
- Chronic alcoholism (Most common)
- Antibiotics
- GI Loss (N/V/D)
- Malabsorption (Crohns, celiac disease)
5
Q
what are some signs and symptoms of hypomagnesemia?
Airway:
Heart:
Nueromuscular:
GI:
Nuerological:
A
- Tight airway:
Stridor, laryngospasm, difficulty swallowing - Neuromuscular:
Hyperflexion-CLONUS, Muscle twitching - GI:
Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea - Neurological: (increased brain activity)
Irritability, insomnia, confusion, seizure - Heart:
Increased BP
Increase HR
6
Q
Nursing interventions for hypomagnesemia?
(SIM)
A
- Safety with swallowing
- IV Mg+Sulfate (Give SLOWLY)
- Monitor respiratory status and reflexes
7
Q
Foods rich in magnesium:
A
DARK Chocolate
Avocados
Milk
Peas
Peanut butter
Oranges
Nuts
Bananas
8
Q
Hypermagnesemia is caused by what? 3
A
greater than 2.1
1. Antiacids
2. Renal Failure
3. Potassium Excess
9
Q
s/s of hypermagnesemia? 5
A
- Heart- calm and quiet
Low and shallow Respirations
Bradycardia
Hypotension - Lung
Low and shallow Respirations - GI
Hypoactive Bowel Sounds - Neuro
Drowsiness, lethargy - MS
Weakness
10
Q
nursing interventions for hypermagnesemia? HIM
A
- Hemodialysis
- IV Calcium Gluconate
- Monitor Labs
