Transporting Materials

Question 1

What does the circulatory system consist of

Answer 1

Blood vessels, the heart, and blood

Question 2

The heart is a ………. Organ which is actually ….. Pumps held together

Answer 2

Muscular

Two

Question 3

How does the right pump help pump blood around the body

Answer 3

It forces deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it picks up oxygen and loses co2

Question 4

After returning to he heart what happens to the oxygenated blood

Answer 4

It is pumped to the rest of the body by the left pump

Question 5

How many chambers does the heart have

Answer 5

4

Question 6

What are the upper chambers of the heart called

Answer 6

Atria

Question 7

Where do the Atari receive blood from

Answer 7

The vena cava on the right and the pulmonary vein on the left

Question 8

How does the blood move t the ventricles

Answer 8

The atria contract to move the blood into the lower chambers

Question 9

When the ventricles contract what happens

Answer 9

They force blood into the pulmonary artery from the rich and the aorta from the left.

Question 10

What prevents blood flowing in the wrong direction

Answer 10

Heart valves

Question 11

The heart is supplied with oxygenated blood via the ……….l ……….

Answer 11

Coronary arteries

Question 12

What does the actions on the two sides of the heart result in

Answer 12

Double circulation

Question 13

What is the circulation sequence

Answer 13

Veins -> atria -> ventricles -> arteries

Question 14

What do arteries do

Answer 14

Carry blood away from the heart

Question 15

What do arteries have

Answer 15

Thick walls containing muscle and elastic tissue

Question 16

What do valves have

Answer 16

They have thinner walls than arteries

Often have valves along their lengths to prevent back flow of blood

Question 17

What are capillaries

Answer 17

Narrow, thin walled vessels

Question 18

What do the capillaries do

Answer 18

Carry the blood through the organs and allow the exchange of substances with all the living cells in the body

Question 19

What happens if blood vessels are blocked

Answer 19

The blood will not flow efficiently and organs will be deprived of nutrients and oxygen

Question 20

What are stents

Answer 20

Metal mesh which is placed in arteries to keep them open

Question 21

When are stents useful

Answer 21

They are useful for widening the coronary artery which become narrowed due to fatty deposits, which cut off the blood supply to the heart muscle

Question 22

What could happen if you have leaky valves

Answer 22

Blood could flow in the wrong direction

Question 23

What can be put in to replace damaged valves

Answer 23

Artificial or animal valves

Question 24

How are stents implanted

Answer 24

The stent in implanted with a ballon, the balloon is inflated to open the blood vessel and then the balloon is popped and the stent holds the artery open

Question 25

What is blood

Answer 25

A. Tissue

Question 26

What does plasma contain

Answer 26

Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

Question 27

What's plasma

Answer 27

The clear yellow liquid part of the blood which carries dissolved substances and blood cells around the body

Question 28

What are platelets

Answer 28

Fragment of cell in the blood which is vital for the clotting mechanisms to work

Question 29

What does plasma transport

Answer 29

Co2 from the organs to the lungs Soluble products of digestion from the small intestine to the organs Urea from the liver to the kidneys where urine is made

Question 30

What shape are red blood cells

Answer 30

Biconcave discs

Question 31

So red blood cells have a nucleus

Answer 31

No

Question 32

What pigment do red blood cells

Answer 32

Haemoglobin

Question 33

How do red blood cells make oxyhemoglobin

Answer 33

The cells combine oxygen with haemoglobin

Question 34

What happens when the red blood cells carry the oxygen to all the organs

Answer 34

The oxyhaemoglobin splits int haemoglobin and oxygen

Question 35

Do white blood cells have a nucleus

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

What are white blood cells important for

Answer 36

Forming a part of the body's defence system against microorganisms

Question 37

Do platelets have a nucleus

Answer 37

No

Question 38

What are platelets useful for

Answer 38

Helping the blood to clot at the site of a wound

Question 39

What can blood from donors be separated into

Answer 39

Cells and plasma

Question 40

What must be done to donated blood

Answer 40

Refrigerated sometimes it can be frozen

Question 41

How can blood be given to patients

Answer 41

By transfusion to increase blood volume

Question 42

What is artificial blood called

Answer 42

Perfluorocarbons

Question 43

What is an advantage of Perfluorocarbons

Answer 43

The don't need to be refrigerated | They don't contain cells so blood does not need to be matched

Question 44

What are the disadvantages of Perfluorocarbons

Answer 44

It is expensive They don't carry as much oxygen as whole blood Some types are insoluble in water so do not mix well with blood Some cause unpleasant side effects

Question 45

What may heart sufferers need

Answer 45

A new heart

Question 46

Due to the lack of heart donors what needs to be developed

Answer 46

Artificial hearts

Question 47

What is an advantage of artificial hearts

Answer 47

They do not need to match the persons tissue | No need for immunosuppressant drugs

Question 48

Disadvantages of artificial hearts

Answer 48

Problems with blood clotting Long stays in hospital Expensive

Question 49

What do flowering plants have

Answer 49

Separate transport systems

Question 50

What do xylem tissue do

Answer 50

Transports water and mineral ions from the roots to the stem, leaves and flowers

Question 51

What is the transpiration stream

Answer 51

The movement of water from the roots through the xylem and out of the leaves

Question 52

What do phloem tissue do

Answer 52

Carry dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant, including the growing regions and the storage organs

Question 53

What do large organisms need in order to transport materials around the body

Answer 53

A transport system