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Poppy > Transporting Materials > Flashcards

Transporting Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What does the circulatory system consist of

A

Blood vessels, the heart, and blood

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2
Q

The heart is a ………. Organ which is actually ….. Pumps held together

A

Muscular

Two

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3
Q

How does the right pump help pump blood around the body

A

It forces deoxygenated blood to the lungs where it picks up oxygen and loses co2

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4
Q

After returning to he heart what happens to the oxygenated blood

A

It is pumped to the rest of the body by the left pump

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5
Q

How many chambers does the heart have

A

4

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6
Q

What are the upper chambers of the heart called

A

Atria

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7
Q

Where do the Atari receive blood from

A

The vena cava on the right and the pulmonary vein on the left

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8
Q

How does the blood move t the ventricles

A

The atria contract to move the blood into the lower chambers

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9
Q

When the ventricles contract what happens

A

They force blood into the pulmonary artery from the rich and the aorta from the left.

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10
Q

What prevents blood flowing in the wrong direction

A

Heart valves

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11
Q

The heart is supplied with oxygenated blood via the ……….l ……….

A

Coronary arteries

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12
Q

What does the actions on the two sides of the heart result in

A

Double circulation

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13
Q

What is the circulation sequence

A

Veins -> atria -> ventricles -> arteries

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14
Q

What do arteries do

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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15
Q

What do arteries have

A

Thick walls containing muscle and elastic tissue

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16
Q

What do valves have

A

They have thinner walls than arteries

Often have valves along their lengths to prevent back flow of blood

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17
Q

What are capillaries

A

Narrow, thin walled vessels

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18
Q

What do the capillaries do

A

Carry the blood through the organs and allow the exchange of substances with all the living cells in the body

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19
Q

What happens if blood vessels are blocked

A

The blood will not flow efficiently and organs will be deprived of nutrients and oxygen

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20
Q

What are stents

A

Metal mesh which is placed in arteries to keep them open

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21
Q

When are stents useful

A

They are useful for widening the coronary artery which become narrowed due to fatty deposits, which cut off the blood supply to the heart muscle

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22
Q

What could happen if you have leaky valves

A

Blood could flow in the wrong direction

23
Q

What can be put in to replace damaged valves

A

Artificial or animal valves

24
Q

How are stents implanted

A

The stent in implanted with a ballon, the balloon is inflated to open the blood vessel and then the balloon is popped and the stent holds the artery open

25
Q

What is blood

A

A. Tissue

26
Q

What does plasma contain

A

Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets

27
Q

What’s plasma

A

The clear yellow liquid part of the blood which carries dissolved substances and blood cells around the body

28
Q

What are platelets

A

Fragment of cell in the blood which is vital for the clotting mechanisms to work

29
Q

What does plasma transport

A

Co2 from the organs to the lungs
Soluble products of digestion from the small intestine to the organs
Urea from the liver to the kidneys where urine is made

30
Q

What shape are red blood cells

A

Biconcave discs

31
Q

So red blood cells have a nucleus

A

No

32
Q

What pigment do red blood cells

A

Haemoglobin

33
Q

How do red blood cells make oxyhemoglobin

A

The cells combine oxygen with haemoglobin

34
Q

What happens when the red blood cells carry the oxygen to all the organs

A

The oxyhaemoglobin splits int haemoglobin and oxygen

35
Q

Do white blood cells have a nucleus

A

Yes

36
Q

What are white blood cells important for

A

Forming a part of the body’s defence system against microorganisms

37
Q

Do platelets have a nucleus

A

No

38
Q

What are platelets useful for

A

Helping the blood to clot at the site of a wound

39
Q

What can blood from donors be separated into

A

Cells and plasma

40
Q

What must be done to donated blood

A

Refrigerated sometimes it can be frozen

41
Q

How can blood be given to patients

A

By transfusion to increase blood volume

42
Q

What is artificial blood called

A

Perfluorocarbons

43
Q

What is an advantage of Perfluorocarbons

A

The don’t need to be refrigerated

They don’t contain cells so blood does not need to be matched

44
Q

What are the disadvantages of Perfluorocarbons

A

It is expensive
They don’t carry as much oxygen as whole blood
Some types are insoluble in water so do not mix well with blood
Some cause unpleasant side effects

45
Q

What may heart sufferers need

A

A new heart

46
Q

Due to the lack of heart donors what needs to be developed

A

Artificial hearts

47
Q

What is an advantage of artificial hearts

A

They do not need to match the persons tissue

No need for immunosuppressant drugs

48
Q

Disadvantages of artificial hearts

A

Problems with blood clotting
Long stays in hospital
Expensive

49
Q

What do flowering plants have

A

Separate transport systems

50
Q

What do xylem tissue do

A

Transports water and mineral ions from the roots to the stem, leaves and flowers

51
Q

What is the transpiration stream

A

The movement of water from the roots through the xylem and out of the leaves

52
Q

What do phloem tissue do

A

Carry dissolved sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant, including the growing regions and the storage organs

53
Q

What do large organisms need in order to transport materials around the body

A

A transport system

Poppy (12 decks)

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