Transportation across all cell membranes Flashcards

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1
Q

Define diffusion

A

The movement of particles within a liquid or gas from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration (down concentration gradient)

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2
Q

Would diffusion take place faster or slower in hotter environments?

A

Faster as the molecules will have more kinetic energy

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3
Q

Define osmosis

A

The diffusion of water molecules from a region of high concentration of water molecules to a region of lowers concentration of water molecules

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4
Q

When does diffusion stop

A

When equilibrium has been reached

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5
Q

What separates active transport from osmosis and diffusion

A

Active transport requires energy where as osmosis and diffusion are passive

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6
Q

What process does gas exchange in the alveoli use

A

Diffusion

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7
Q

What process does the absorption of nutrients use

A

Diffusion

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8
Q

What process does water absorption in the colon use

A

Osmosis

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9
Q

What process does water uptake in plant roots use

A

Osmosis

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10
Q

What process does mineral uptake in plant roots use

A

Active transport

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11
Q

What are the differences between animal cells and plant cells?

A

Animal cells do not need a cell wall as their structure is held by a cell membrane to keep it rigid
Chloroplasts are only found in plant cells. As they contain chlorophyl which absorbs sun light as plants energy where as animals get their energy from food
Plants cells have larger vacuoles to hold the plant up to stop it from wilting but animal cells do not have the space for them nor need them so they only have small temporary vacuoles

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12
Q

What do animal cells contain?

A
Cell structure membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Small vacuoles
Cytoplasm
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13
Q

What do plant cells contain?

A
Cell wall
Cell surface membrane 
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
Large vacuole
Nucleus
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14
Q

Describe the levels of organisation within oganisms

A

Organelles, cells, tissues, organs then systems

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15
Q

The rate of diffusion is increased when?

A

The distance to be diffused deceased
Surface area is increased
The difference in concentration is increased

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16
Q

What does flaccid mean

A

A plant cell that is limp

17
Q

What does turgid mean

A

Plant cell fully inflated with water

18
Q

What does crenation mean?

A

Shrinking of an animal cell by osmosis

19
Q

What does lysis mean

A

Bursting of an animal cell by osmosis

20
Q

What factors could affect how slowly or quickly diffusion or osmosis takes place across a cell membrane?

A
Size of molecules
Temperature
Difference in concentration on either side
Surface area of membrane
Ph
Kinetic assistance
Moistness
Surface area to volume ration
21
Q

Why is it important to have turgid cells in plants?

A

To keep them upright and stop them from wilting as they have no bone structure to keep the up