Kidney

Question 1

How is the kidney adapted to do this?

Answer 1

• blood is passed through at very high pressure
• each kidney has many nephrons to filter substances
• each kidney has a ureter to remove urine.

Question 2

Process of ultrafiltration

Answer 2

The blood vessel entering the glomerulus is wider than the one leaving it which creates high pressure in the capillaries of the glomerulus. This forces small molecules into the spaces of the Bowmans capsule. (H2O, salt ions, urea, glucose, amino acids)

Question 3

What happens in selective reabsorption?

Answer 3

Occurs in the first convoluted tubule. All glucose and amino acids are absorbed back into the blood as well as some water and salts.

Question 4

What happens loop henle?

Answer 4

Water is reabsorbed. The longer the loop the more water reabsorbed by osmosis.

Question 5

What effect does ADH have in the kidney?

Answer 5

The hypothalamus detects if the water level is too low. If it is ADH is released form the pituitary gland and travels in blood to the kidney, it makes the 2nd tubule and collecting duct more permeable to water so more water is reabsorbed into the blood and water level is restored. If water level is too high no ADH is released.

Question 6

What is the role of the kidney?

Answer 6

To remove toxic waste (urea) from the body and regulates the water content of bloods

Question 7

What does urine contain?

Answer 7

Water, urea and salts