Transport Systems In Mammals Flashcards
What is a closed blood system?
Blood never leaves the blood system
Give the three steps of pulmonary circulation.
Heart→lungs→heart
What is the purpose of systematic circulation?
To provide tissues with O²
What is the difference between a artery and a vein?
Artery - transports blood away from the heart
Vein - transports blood to the heart
Where is the heart found?
Mediastium
True or false?
The blood of the right hand side never mixes with the left hand side of the heart.
True
What do veins have to maintain the movement of blood?
Valves
Give the definition of a portal vein.
Vein branches/forms into the capillary network
What is the scientific name for a pacemaker in the heart?
SA-node
What node if found above the the right and left ventricle?
AV-node
What is systole?
Contraction of the heart
What is diastole?
Relaxing of the heart
Give 5 facts about atrial diastole
- Heart muscle relaxes
- Blood enters heart through 2 sets of veins
- 2 vena cavas (from body) open in the Right Atrium with deoxygenated blood
- 4 pulmonary veins (from lungs) open in the left atrium with oxygenated blood
- 0,4 seconds
What muscle of the heart contracts during atrial systole?
Muscular walls of the atria contract
What happens to the tri and -bicuspid valves during atrial systole?
Tricuspid and bicuspid valves are forced open and blood flows into the Right Ventricle and Left Ventricle
How long doe atrial systole take?
0.1 seconds
How long does ventricular systole take?
0.3 seconds
What happens to the muscular walls in ventricular systole?
Both walls of the ventricles contract
What does the blood pressure in ventricular systole do?
BP in ventricles pushes the tricuspid and bicuspid valves closed.
What happens to the semi lunar (half moon) valves in the pulmonary artery and aorta?
The valves are pushed open
Where is deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle forced during ventricular systole?
It is forced into pulmonary artery to be transported to the lungs.
What type of blood is forces into Aorta from left atrium to be transported to the body?
Oxygenated blood
What happens when both ventricles relax and why?
Both semi-lunar valves of the pulmonary artery and aorta are forced closed to prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricles
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of constant internal environment
