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BIOLOGY GRADE 10 > Plant Tissue > Flashcards

Plant Tissue Flashcards

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1
Q

What can plants be according to their nature?

A

Herbaceous or Woody

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2
Q

What are annual plants?

A

Complete their life cycle in one year.

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3
Q

What are perennials?

A

They live longer than two years.

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4
Q

What are dedicious plants?

A

They lose their leaves unfavourable season

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5
Q

What are evergreen plants?

A

They lose their leaves but not all at the same time

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6
Q

What shape is the epidermis in a cross section?

A

Brick shaped

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7
Q

What is the function of the epidermal layers in plants?

A

To cover the plant organs

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8
Q

What are the ariel parts of a plant covered by?

A

Cuticle

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9
Q

What enable the stomata to open and close?

A

Guard cells

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10
Q

What are the three types of simple plant tissue?

A
  1. ) Parenchyma
  2. ) Collenchyma
  3. ) Sclerenchyma
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11
Q

What is parenchyma with chloroplasts known as?

A

Chlorenchyma

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12
Q

What type of tissue is found in water plants?

A

Aerenchyma

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13
Q

What are the 6 functions of parenchyma?

A
  • Filling tissue
  • Photosynthesis
  • Gaseous exchange
  • Water transport
  • Secondary meristematic
  • Stores substances
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14
Q

What is the function if collenchyma?

A

Support and strengthening

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15
Q

Where can collenchyma be found?

A

Below the epidermis in herbaceous plants?

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16
Q

Give two types of sclerenchyma cells.

A

Sclereids and fibres

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17
Q

What is the function of sclerenchyma?

A

Support and strengthening

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18
Q

What type of content does sclerenchyma have?

A

No living content

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19
Q

What is the vascular tissue responsible for in a plant?

A

Transport

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20
Q

What does compound tissue consist of?

A

Consists od different types of cells

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21
Q

What two types of vascular tissue is found in plants?

A

Xylem and Phloem

22
Q

Give 4 components that make up xylem

A
  1. ) Wood vessels
  2. ) Tracheids
  3. ) Parenchyma
  4. ) Fibres
23
Q

What is the function of xylem?

A

Transportation of water and dissolved substances

24
Q

What is the function of wood vessels in xylem?

A

Upward transport of water

25
Q

What is the function if tracheids in xylem?

A

Transport

26
Q

What is the function of parenchyma in xylem?

A

Storage

27
Q

What is the function of fibres in xylem?

A

Support and strengthening

28
Q

What is the function of a pit in xylem?

A

Lateral transport of water

29
Q

What are the characteristics of wood vessels in xylem tissue?

A
  • Thickened cell walls
  • No living contents
  • Round in cross section
  • Elongated cells
  • Pits for transverse transport
  • Wall strengthen with lignin
  • Cross walls perforated, form hollow and continuous tubes
30
Q

Give 4 characteristics of tracheids in xylem.

A
  • Elongated cells
  • Thickened walls
  • Pointed ends
  • Have pits
31
Q

What are the 4 main components phloem consists of.

A
  1. ) Sieve tubes
  2. ) Companion cell
  3. ) Parenchyma
  4. ) Phloem fibres
32
Q

Describe sieve tubes in phloem?

A

They are hollow with no nuclei but are living cells

33
Q

What do companion cells in phloem do?

A

They have nuclei and metabolize for sieve tubes

34
Q

What is the function of parenchyma in phloem?

A

Storage

35
Q

What is the function of phloem fibres in phloem?

A

Support and strengthening

36
Q

What is the function of phloem?

A

Transportation of organic food substances

37
Q

What is the plasmosdesmata?

A

Thin strands of cytoplasm that connect the sieve tube to companion cell.

38
Q

Give 6 characteristics of meristematic tissue in plants.

A
  • Cells are cuboidal
  • Small
  • No vacuoles
  • Thin-walled
  • Dense cytoplasm
  • Undifferentiated
39
Q

What process takes place at the meristematic region of a root hair?

A

Forming of new meristematic cells

40
Q

What is the function of a root hair?

A

Taking up water and nutrients

41
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The spontaneous movement of a gas/liquid from a high to a low concentration.

42
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The movement of water from a high to a low water potential through a selectively permeable membrane

43
Q

What is hypotonic?

A

High water potential

44
Q

What is hypertonic?

A

Low water potential.

45
Q

What is isotonic?

A

Equal water potential

46
Q

What is active transport?

A

Against a diffusion gradient, energy is needed

47
Q

What is transpiration?

A

The loss of water in the form of water vapour through the stomata

48
Q

What are the 5 environmental factors that affect transpiration tempo?

A
  1. ) Temperature
  2. ) Light intensity
  3. ) Humidity
  4. ) Wind
  5. ) Soil moisture
49
Q

What are the 3 forces of upward movement of water in plants from most important?

A
  1. ) Sucking force of transpiration
  2. ) Root pressure
  3. ) Capillarity
50
Q

Give the difference between transpiration and guttation in five main points.

A 
Transpiration:
• Day time 
• Water vapour
• Stomata
• Low Humidity
• High temperatures 
Guttation:
• Night time 
• Water droplets 
• Hydathode
• High humidity
• Root pressure is the strongest force
51
Q

What is a hydathode?

A

Opening on a leaf margin for droplets of guttation

52
Q

Give 6 adaptations of xylem for the transport of water.

A
  1. ) Hollow tubes
  2. ) No living content
  3. ) Cell walls strengthened by lignin
  4. ) Pits for lateral transport
  5. ) Cells rounded in cross section
  6. ) Do not buckle under pressure

BIOLOGY GRADE 10 (6 decks)

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