Transport Mechanism Flashcards
Cell membrane described as
Fluid Mosaic Model
Where does transport mechanism happens
Plasma membrane/ Cell membrane/Plasmalemma
Fluid in Fluid Mosaic Model
Not solid, Flexible, same consistency of vegetable oil
Mosaic in Fluid Mosaic Model
Many parts, the 4 molecules
4 molecules of Cell membrane
Phospholipids, Cholesterol, Proteins, Carbohydrates
Two ends of phospholipid
Head end, Tail end
Composed of phosphate group
Hydrophilic (water liking)
Head end
Fatty acid chains
Hydrophobic (water fearing)
Tail end
Two strings of hydrogen and carbon atoms
Fatty acid chains
make up the basic structure of a cell
membrane
Phospholipids
The phospholipids of a cell
membrane are arranged in a
double layer called the
Lipid bilayer
Watery fluids inside the cell
Intracellular fluids
Watery fluids outside the cell
Extracellular Fluids
- Maintains the consistency of the cell membrane
- Prevents small molecules from entering
- found in HYDROPHOBIC TAILS
Cholesterol
Cholesterol molecules made up of
Fours stings of hydrogen and carbon atoms
2 types of plasma membrane proteins locations
Integral and Peripheral
Plasma membrane proteins are located in the lipid bilayer
Integral proteins
Other proteins outside the lipid bilayer, either inside the cell or outside the cell
Peripheral proteins
Funtions of proteins
- Enzyme (speeds up chemical reaction)
- Receptor (recieves specific molecules)
- Transportation (transports materials across the cell membrane)
Building block of carbohydrates
Monosaccharide
- Sugar
- sometimes attached to proteins of lipids
- found in EXTRACELLULAR side of the cell membrane
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates attached to lipids
Glycolipids
Glyco means
Sugar
Carbohydrates attached to proteins
Glycoproteins
Glycolipid and Glycoprotein together
Glycocalyx
- Cushioning
- Protection
- Glue (attaches cells together)
- Cell Recognition ( because of proteins since the functions of proteins are transport and receptors, it identifies if the cell should be there or not)
Glycocalyx
Passive transport
Doesn’t require energy
- Movement of solutes
- from high to low concentration
Diffusion
Solvent and solute will mix until
Equilibrium
- Water ang nagm-move
- diffusion of water
Osmosis
- Force
- prevents water to move across to selectively permeable membrane
Osmotic pressure
3 types of solution
- Isotonic
- Hypertonic
- Hypotonic
- The concentration outside the cell is equal to the concentration inside the cell
Isotonic
Iso in isotonic means
Equal
Isotonic where cells neither shrink or swell, in plants it is called
Flaccid
- Lysing/ Cell Lysing/ Cell Bursting in animal cell
- Turgid in plant cell
Hypotonic
Turgid feels
Turgor pressure
Cells swell because of greater outside concentration
Hypotonic
Cell shrinks because of greater inside concentration
Hypertonic
- Shriveled/ Crenation in animal cell
- Plasmolysis in plant cell
Hypertonic
- requires carrier proteins
- happe s in bigger molecules that can’t pass through simple diffusion
Mediated Transport Mechanism
a mediated transport process that requires energy provided by ATP.
Active transport
a carrier mediated process that
move substance into or out of the cells
from a higher to a lower concentration
Facilitated Diffusion
the internalization of substances, includes
both phagocytosis and pinocytosis
Endocytosis
ENDOCYTOSIS refers to
the bulk uptake of material through the plasma
membrane by the formation of a
Vesicle
- Cell eating (solid particles)
- important in the
elimination of harmful substance from the
body.
Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis has ____ to eliminate harmful substances. WBC also uses this.
Macrophages
- Cell drinking
- happens in intestine when absorbing nutrients and minerals
Pinocytosis
- happens in golgi body
- secretion of cell materials by vesicle formation
Exocytosis
- Example of mediated transport mechanism: Active
- Happens in nerve cell when information is recieved.
Sodium Potassium Pump
