Transport in Plants

Question 1

Why do plants have a branching shape

Answer 1

TO increase their surface area compared to the volume

Question 2

What does the xylem transport

Answer 2

The xylem transports water and mineral ions

Question 3

What does the phloem transport

Answer 3

Sucrose and Amino Acids

Question 4

What tissue is the xylem made up of and what tissue is the phloem made up of

Answer 4

Xylem is made up of dead tissues and pholem is made up of living tissues

Question 5

What are the xylem vessel’s walls made up of

Answer 5

Lignin and Cellulose

Question 6

What 2 organelles does the xylem vessels not have

Answer 6

Cytoplasm and Nuclei

Question 7

What is lignin

Answer 7

A strong hard stubstance that gives structure to the walls of the vessel

Question 8

How do xylem vessels provide support for the plant (2)

Answer 8

Lignin provides support for the stem and vessel
Keeps the leaves flat for sunlight absorption

Question 9

How do the xylem vessels help with the transport of water (4)

Answer 9

-> Hard and strong - for the steady flow of water
-> No crosswalls, prevents disruption of flow
-> Narrow walls - smooth flow of water

Question 10

What protects a root

Answer 10

Root cap

Question 11

What is the layer that covers the entire root

Answer 11

Epidermis

Question 12

How are root hairs formed

Answer 12

Extensions of the epidermis

Question 13

What is the function of root hairs

Answer 13

Increases surface area for faster absorption of water

Question 14

By which process does water go thourhg the root hairs from the soil

Answer 14

Osmosis

Question 15

Explain what causes the water to flow up the xylem vessel

Answer 15

The low pressure on the top and the high pressure on the pottom
Transpiration PUll

Question 16

What is transpiration

Answer 16

Transpiration is the loss of water vapour normally though the stoma in the leaf

Question 17

Describe the transpiration stream

Answer 17

The Loss of water in the leaf creates the need for replacement of water. This low pressure of water at the top causes the water to move up and replace the water in the leaf.

Question 18

What is meant by transpiration pull

Answer 18

The transpiration pull is the difference in water pressure

Question 19

How does temperature affect the rates of transpiration

Answer 19

Temperature increases the rate of transpiration because it increases evaporation of water from the leaf

Question 20

How does windiness affect the rates of transpiration

Answer 20

It causes the water vapor to blow away quickly - increasing transpiration rates

Question 21

How does humidity affect the rates of transpiration

Answer 21

Humidity reduces the loss of water vapor due to it already being present in the air. This lessens the rate of transpiration

Question 22

What happens to plant cells when transpiration occurs very quickly

Answer 22

They become flaccid and lose all turgor pressure

Question 23

What is translocation

Answer 23

Movement of sucrose and amino acids from sources to the sinks

Question 24

What is a source

Answer 24

Where sucrose and amino acids are being released and created

Question 25

What is a sink

Answer 25

Where sucrose and amino acids are being transported to