transport in cells (4)

Question 1

what is a plasma membrane?

Answer 1

a phospholipid bilayer embedded with proteins, carbohydrates and cholesterol.

Question 2

What are hydrophobic molecules

Answer 2

Water hating (lipid loving)

Question 3

What are hydrophilic molecules

Answer 3

Water loving (lipid hating)

Question 4

What is the plasma membrane often referred as

Answer 4

Fluid mosaic model

Question 5

What is the fluid mosaic model embedded with

Answer 5

Protein and cholesterol

Question 6

Transport proteins…

Answer 6

cross the entire membrane and act as pathways for ions and larger polar molecules

Question 7

Channel proteins

Answer 7

tunnel ions through the membrane

Question 8

Carrier proteins

Answer 8

have to change shape to transport substances into the cell

Question 9

What do cells need to function

Answer 9

nutrients and gases

Question 10

Where do cells obtain nutrients and gases from

Answer 10

Extracellular fluid around them

Question 11

what do cells need to remove

Answer 11

waste molecules and gases from the cytosol into the extracellular fluid

Question 12

what is semi permeable

Answer 12

cell membrane

Question 13

what does semi permeable mean

Answer 13

lets some things through and others not, determined by size, chemical nature and electric charge

Question 14

what is diffusion

Answer 14

diffusion is the net movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to lower

Question 15

what does passive movements not require

Answer 15

energy

Question 16

what is simple diffusion

Answer 16

small, non polar molecules (o2, co2), diffuse directly through the phospholipid layer. no energy required.

Question 17

what is facilitated diffusion

Answer 17

when some substances cannot dissolve across the membrane due to size or charge. these substances move across via transport proteins

Question 18

what is osmosis

Answer 18

the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Question 19

what is active transport

Answer 19

the net movement of dissolved substances into or out of cells against a concentration gradient. enters via a transport protein. energy is required

Question 20

what is bulk transport (endocytosis)

Answer 20

the transport of large particles into cell.

Question 21

how does bulk transporting (endocytosis) work

Answer 21

part of the plasma membrane encloses the material to be transported and then pinches off to form a vesicle that moves into the cytosol

Question 22

what is bulk transport (exocytosis)

Answer 22

transport of large substances OUT of a cell

Question 23

Name all the types of transport.

Answer 23

Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Active transport
Osmosis
Endocytosis
Exocytosis

Question 24

how does bulk transporting work (exocytosis)

Answer 24

a vesicle containing a substance travels to the membrane and fuses with it, realising the substance from the cell.