Transport in Cells

Question 1

What is the fluid mosaic model

Answer 1

complete cell membrane structure

Question 2

What are glycoproteins

Answer 2

often acts as antigens which is important for cell recognition or as receptors for hormones or neurotransmitters

Question 3

What are peripheral proteins

Answer 3

may be enzymes that can be involved in regulating transport by cell signalling

Question 4

What is intergral proteins

Answer 4

main transport system of the membrane forming either permanent pores or other transport mechanisms such as carrier proteins or active pumps involving enzymes

Question 5

What are examples of active transport

Answer 5

endocytosis, excytosis and active transport

Question 6

What are examples of passive trasnport

Answer 6

Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

Question 7

What is passive transport

Answer 7

result of concentration, pressure or electrochemical gradients and involves no energy from the cell

Question 8

What is osmosis

Answer 8

movement of solvent molecules down a concentration gradeint through a partially permemabmle membrane from a high water potential to a low water poteintal

Question 9

What is a faciliated diffusion

Answer 9

movement of a specific substances such as amino acid, glucose and ions across the membrane via the protein channels or carrier proteins

Question 10

What is active transport

Answer 10

movement of a substance against a concentration gradient using ATP from cellular respiration

Question 11

What is endocytosis

Answer 11

momvement of large molecules into cells through vesicle formation

Question 12

What is excytosis

Answer 12

movement of large molecules out of the cells through vesicle

Question 13

What is the effect of solvents on permeability of cell membranes

Answer 13

Solvent causes the membrane to be dirsrupted

phoosplipids will be dissolved by the solvent

The membrane proteins will be denatured by the ethanol

Question 14

What is the fluid mosaic model composed of?

Answer 14

• Integral proteins
• Peripheral proteins
• Glycoproteins

Question 15

Why is transport needed

Answer 15

• Cells require a supply of chemicals such as glucose and oxygen for cellular respiration
• Waste products need to be removed before they cause damage
• Cells also have to transport the raw material they need across the surface cell membrane into the cell

Question 16

Explain how the properties of molecules affect their transport thouh the cell membrane

Answer 16

Small/lipid soluble molecules enter by diffusion

Polar molecules use carrier proteins (bc they are charged)

Large molecules such as proteins use excyotiss or endocyotiss using vesicles