Transport in Animals + Vessels - Open/ Closed Circulatory Systems

Question 1

Blood compostion

Answer 1

Plasma - ~55% => mainly water (52%) w/ proteins, ions, nutrients like glucose , waste products, hormones , gases like o2 + co2

Cells - ~45% => erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells)

Question 2

Hydrostatic Pressure

Answer 2

The pressure that fluid exerts when pushing against the sides of a vessel

Question 3

Oncotic Pressure

Answer 3

The pressure created by the osmotic effects of the solutes

Question 4

Features of Blood plasma

Answer 4

Hydrostatic pressure : high Proteins: plasma proteins
Oncotic pressure : more -tive Fats : transported in lipoproteins
Cells - red blood cells , neutrophils, lymphocytes

Question 5

Features of Tissue Fluid

Answer 5

Hydrostatic pressure : low
Proteins: few
Oncotic pressure : less -tive
Fats : few
Cells - some neutrophils especially in infected areas

Question 6

Features of Lymph

Answer 6

A colourless/ pale yellow fluid
Hydrostatic pressure : low Proteins: few proteins
Oncotic pressure : less -tive Fats : more - especially digestive system
Cells - lymphocytes

Question 7

Lymphatic System

Answer 7

• secondary circulatory system + major part of immune system
• CONTAINS: lymphatic capillaries + vein like vessels contains valves
  lymph nodes - sac-like organs that trap pathogens + foreign substances *containing a large amount of white blood cells
  lymphatic tissue in spleen, thymus and tonsils *