Cardiac Control, Coordination + ECGs Flashcards

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1
Q

Control of the Heart

A
  • Constant beating unlike skeletal muscle
  • Co-ordinated contraction: artial systole => ventricle systole => diastole => atrial…
  • Doesn’t need external input - myogenic
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2
Q

1 in Electrical Coordination - (Atrial systole)

A

Siro-Atrial Node (SAN) pacemaker starts a wave of excitation (electrical signal that makes muscle contract)

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3
Q

2 in Electrical Coordination

A

Atrial-ventricular node (AVN) delays the wave of excitation allows ventricles to fill up

Then passes down the septum through the bundle of His to the apex

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4
Q

3 in Electrical Coordination - (Ventricular Systole)

A

Signal reaches the apex and wave spreads through ventricular walls - contraction from the bottom up

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5
Q

What are Electrocardiograms? (ECG)

A
  • The electrical activity of the heart can be monitored by ECGs
  • Several electrodes placed on skin and record the flow of ions throughout
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6
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate

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7
Q

Tachycardia

A

Fast heart rate

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8
Q

Artial fibilation

A

Artia beating more frequently than ventricles - no clear P waves seen

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9
Q

1st in ECGs - P wave (little bump)

A

Wave of excitation spreads over SAN across atria causing artial systole

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10
Q

2nd in ECGs - PR interval (little flat line)

A

Time taken for wave of excitation to delay + passed the septum to bundle of His

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11
Q

3rd in ECGs - QRS complex (Big sharp peak is R)

A

Shows spread of excitation across ventricle causing huge contraction (ventricular systole)

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12
Q

4th in ECGs - ST segment

A

The flat line between big peak and bigger bump

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13
Q

5th in ECGs - T wave (bigger bump)

A

Resting/resetting

Depolarisation of ventricles during diastole

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