Transport in animals(circulatory systems0 Flashcards
Why is diffusion ineffective in animals
All the small molecules O2 and co2 are used up by the first few layers of the organism
What is an open circulatory system
No blood vessels hemolymph used instead(mixture of blood and fluids)
What is the haemocoel
Large cavaity in the body of an open system organism
What kind of animals have an open circulatory system
insects and molluscs
What kind of system do amphibians have
Incomplete double circulatory system, deoxygenated and oxygenated blood is mixed so tissues receive less oxygen
What is haemolymph
Insects replacement for blood carries blood and nitrogenous waste products, also cells involved in defence against disease
What is a closed circulatory system
Blood vessels used to transport blood vessels dont come in direct contact with cells. Substances leave and enter through the blood and are transported around the body
What kind of animals contain closed cirulatory systems
Mainly fish and worms
What is a single circulatory system
All blood is in one pump so blood pressure is much slower, passes through 2 sets of capillaries before returning to the heart. First is carbon dioxide and oxygen second is different substances which pass in and out of the cell which causes the blood pressure to drop making blood transport less efficent
How are fish an exception
Despite having a singular circulatory system they are able to take in oxygen from the water, their weight is held up by the water and they maintain their own body temperature reducing metabolic demands
What is a double circulatory system
Each contraction sends blood in a different directions(deoxygenated/oxygenatated)
What kind of system do mammals have
Closed double circulatory system
important to specify both
Explain the double circulatory system
blood pumped from heart to lungs to get O2 and dump co2
blood also flows around the body to all the tissues that need it
blood travels through the heart twice for each circuit
