Transport Across Membranes Unit 2.3

Question 1

Explain ways in which the structure of the aorta is adapted to its function

Answer 1

-Thick muscle layer to withstand pressure
-Thick elastic layer which recoils to smooth out blood flow
-Thick muscle layer contracts and relaxes
-Smooth endothelium wall to reduce friction
-Semilunar valve to prevent backflow

Question 2

Explain how a right shift on a oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve increases activity

Answer 2

-Oxygen has a lower affinity for oxygen
-Oxygen its less saturated at lower partial pressures
-more dissociation occurs at lower partial pressures
-more unloading at respiring tissues for more aerobic respiration

Question 3

At least 2 mark points on how you could dipose of organ safely

Answer 3

-Disinfect surfaces/equipment
-Wash Hands WITH SOAP
-disinfect hands
-Dispose of gloves safely
-Carry sharp instruments pointing away from you
-Dispose of organ safely in seperate binbag

Question 4

How can you cut safely with a scapel

Answer 4

-cut downwards on to a white tile facing away from you
-When carrying carry in tray or pointing away from you

Question 5

Explain why oxygen dissociation curves of the fetuses is to the left of the mother

Answer 5

-Fetal haemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen
-loads more oxygen at the same partial pressure
-So oxygen moves from the mother to the fetus

Question 6

Describe the advantage of the Bohr effect during exercise

Answer 6

-During exercise conc CO2 increases so PH decreases
-Changes the tertiary structure of haemoglobin decreasing its affinity for oxygen
-increased dissociation of oxygen at respiring muscle tissues
-More aerobic respiration occurs in cels