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Biology > Transport > Flashcards

Transport Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Phospholipid bilayer

A

Hydrophilic heads

Hydrophobic tails

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1
Q

What is the cell membrane constructed of?

A

Phospholipid bilayer
Protein
Cholesterol

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2
Q

A phospholipid

A

1 phosphate group
2 fatty acids
Glycerol

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3
Q

Property of the phospholipid bilayer

A

Fluid property

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4
Q

Fluid property

A

Because there are no stiff structures holding the tails

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5
Q

Proteins

A

Integral proteins

Peripheral proteins

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6
Q

Integral proteins

A

Pump

Channel

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7
Q

Pump

A

Active transport

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8
Q

Channel

A

Passive transport

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9
Q

Peripheral proteins

A

aka Globular proteins

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10
Q

Types of peripheral proteins

A

Antigens

Hormones

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11
Q

Antigens

A

Identification

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12
Q

Hormones

A

Binding side

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13
Q

Cholesterol

A

Stabilizes membrane

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14
Q

Simple diffusion

A

Passive
High to low
Down the concentration gradient
Through phospholipid bilayer

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15
Q

Facilitated diffusion

A

Through integral protein
High to low
Passive

16
Q

Diffusion

A

Against water potential

17
Q

Water potential

A

Amount if H2O molecules

18
Q

Osmosis

A 
Through phospholipid bilayer
High to low
Passive
Used by H2O molecules
Down water potential
19
Q

Active transport

A

Against gradient

Uses pump

20
Q

Bulk transport

A

Involves the cell making membrane bound vesicles to bring materials in and out of the cell

21
Q

Which molecules diffuse in diffusion?

A

Hydrophobic molecules

Small, uncharged polar molecules

22
Q

Hypertonic solution

A

The solution the cell is placed in has less water than the cell

23
Q

Hypotonic solution

A

The solution the cell is placed in has more water than the cell

24
Q

Isotonic solution

A

The solution the cell is placed in has equal amount of water as the cell

25
Q

Energy used in active transport

A

ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate)

26
Q

ATP to ADP

A

A phosphate is taken from ATP

27
Q

Sodium- potassium pump

A

Active transport; sodium and potassium atoms are pumped against the gradient using ATP

helps nerve impulses by building a bigger gradient

28
Q

Bulk transport examples

A

Exocytosis

Endocytosis

29
Q

Exocytosis

A

Moving materials out of the cell; the waste/export proteins move to the Golgi apparatus where they are packaged into membrane bound vesicles. The Vesicle then merged with the cell membrane, releasing the materials

30
Q

Endocytosis types

A

Pinocytosis

Phagocytosis

31
Q

Pinocytosis

A

Small molecules/ liquids make contact with the cell membrane and the cell membrane punches off around the molecules making vacuoles (in animal cells)

32
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Large molecules make contact with the cell membrane and the membrane pinches off around the molecules. The lysosomes then fuse with the Vesicle and break down the large molecule into nutrients

For example, engulfing bacteria

Biology (6 decks)

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