Transport

Question 1

Name the layers of capillary

Answer 1

Wall (tick and flat)- endothelial cells, some are fenestrated
Basement membrane (surrounds)- extracellular matrix providing structural support

Question 2

State the layers of arteries

Answer 2

Tunica intima (reducing friction)
Tunica media (smooth mucles, elastic regulating blood pressure and flow)
Tunica adventitia (collagen, protection support and anchors artery)

Question 3

State the adaptions of arteries

Answer 3

Thick wall made up by elastic, acommodates volume as heart
Tunica intima (reducing friction)
Tunica media (smooth mucles, elastic regulating blood pressure and flow)
Tunica adventitia (collagen, protection support and anchors artery)

Question 4

What is the adaptation of a vein to carry blood back to the heart?

Answer 4

Valves for one-direction flow

Question 5

What is the name of blockage of a coronary artery?

Answer 5

occlusion

Question 6

What are the adaptation of xylem to transport water?

Answer 6

Thin wall (continous cloumns from roots to stem)
Lignin (support mechanical stressand making walls impermeable)
Pits, specilised cells no lignin, movement of water in adjacent cells

Question 7

Distribution of tissues in dicotyledonous plants

Answer 7

Roots- Center cylinder (steele) are vascular bundles (inside xylem surrounding pholem) then cortex (support)
Stem- Inside pith, in a ring xylem and pholem. Cambium (thin layer where cell differentiation). Cortex

Question 8

State the adaptations of heart

Answer 8

Double circulatory system (oxygen and deoxygenated blood), mantaining concentration gradients
Thicker left side than right side
Myogenic cells (cardiomyocites) proper action potentials

Question 9

State the cardiac cycle

Answer 9

SA node- atrium systole - AV node- Bundle of His- Fibres of Purkinje- Ventricular systole- Refrectory period (diastole)

Question 10

Describe the structure of phloem

Answer 10

Composed of Sieve tube elements (limitated organelles) support of companion cells that provide ATP, connected by plasmodesmata for communication
sieve tube arrangement perforated walls with sieve plates

Question 11

What affects the amount of tissue fluid released from capillary?

Answer 11

Hidrostatic pressure, exerted by blood in walls

Question 12

What is the percentage of fluid that doesn’t come back?

Answer 12

10% goes to lymph