Transplantation and Rejection

Question 1

what is an autograft

Answer 1

transplant from one part of body to another

Question 2

what is an isograft

Answer 2

transplant between genetically identical individuals

Question 3

what is an allograft

Answer 3

transplant between same species

Question 4

what is a xenograft

Answer 4

transplant from animals

Question 5

what are the types of rejection

Answer 5

hyperacute, accelerated, acute, chronic

Question 6

where are the primary differences between individuals leading to rejection of grafts

Answer 6

amino acid sequence of MHC proteins

Question 7

what are the therapies to prevent organ rejection?

Answer 7

immunosuppressive therapies - inhibit interleukin 2
- cyclosporin, tacrolimus
monoclonal antibody IL2 receptor blocker
mycophenolate inhibits b and t cell proliferation

Question 8

what transcription factor is essential for IL2 transcription

Answer 8

NFAT

Question 9

how does cyclosporin work

Answer 9

blocks calcineurin which cannot activate NFAT so IL2 is not transcribed/expressed