transmission- lqc 3b

Question 1

inhalation

Answer 1

Breathing in lipid droplets containing the pathogen that were previously expelled from the respiratory tract of an infected individual. Examples: the flu and cold virus, TB bacterium.

Question 2

direct contact

Answer 2

Skin-to-skin contact and maternal transmission from mother to unborn child or in breast milk. Examples: playgroup tummy bugs, HIV transmission between mother & child, sexually transmitted infections i.e. chlamydia.

Question 3

inoculation

Answer 3

Pathogen enters directly into the body through a break in the skin. Examples: dog bite, tattooing, rusty nail, infected needles.

Question 4

vectors

Answer 4

A living organism that transmits an infection from one host to another. Example: mosquitoes and malaria.

Question 5

ingestion

Answer 5

Contaminated food or drink leads to vomiting & diarrhoea. Greatest risk from raw/undercooked food. The heating process not high enough to kill pathogens (could aid their multiplication). Re-contamination of cooked food. Examples: salmonella, campylobacter, E.coli

Question 6

fomites

Answer 6

Inanimate objects that carry pathogens from one host to another. Examples: make-up equipment, hospital bedding, towels.