TRANSMISSIBLE ENCEPHALOPATHIES Flashcards
Transmissible encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting infective prions in the brain.
T
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies lesions can only be seen in the central nervous system
T
Prion diseases can be diagnosed by detecting the antibodies with ELISA
F
There are major differences in the amino acid sequence of the normal and infective prions
F
Spongiform encephalopathies of animals occur worldwide except Australia and New Zealand
F because atypical scrapie occurs in aus and NZ
Prions can become infective prions as a result of a mutation.
T
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen
T
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion
F
Infective prions are resistant against the usual concentration of disinfectants
T
Agents of transmissible encephalopathies are most frequently detected with PCR.
F
Transmissible encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting infective prions in the brain.
T
Weight loss is a clinical sign of Transmissible encephalopathies
T
Prion diseases can be diagnosed by detecting antibodies with ELISA
F
ELISA can be used for the detection of infective prions in the brain
T
The folding of normal and the infective prion is different
T
Infective prions are resistant against proteases
T
Infective prions can survive 100 °C.
T
Prions consist of protein and DNA.
F
Infective prions are resistant against proteases.
T
Infective prions are resistant against the usual concentration of disinfectants
T
Chronic prion has no nucleic acid inside.
T
Chronic prion is inactivated by boiling
F
Chronic prion form has other form than normal prions.
T
Prions contain protein and DNA.
F
Mutations can result infective prions
T
Infection with infective prions generally happens per os.
T
Transmissible encephalopathies are slow diseases.
T
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies encephalitis can be seen in the grey material of the brain
F
READ THE Q
Transmissible encephalopathies are caused by prions.
T
PCR is used to the detection of prions.
F
Prions always cause viraemia in the infected hosts
F
Prions are spreading in the host along the nerves
T
Normal prions are essential components of the cell membrane of the hosts
F
Infective prions replicate in the cytoplasm of the neurons
F
Infective prions are taken per os.
T
Encephalitis is typical in the case of transmissible encephalopathies
F
Protease breaks down prions
Physiological prions yes, patho no
Transmissible encephalopathies are acute or per-acute diseases
F
Antibodies to prions cannot be detected in the case of transmissible encephalopathies.
T
Allergy tests are widely used to diagnose transmissible encephalopathies.
F
Scrapie has genetic predisposition.
T
Scrapie prion is shed in discharges of the infected animals
T
The EU is free from Scrapie
F
Scrapie is a zoonotic disease.
F
Atypical scrapie strains are not shed by the infected animals
T
Scrapie prion is detected with PCR
F
Scrapie is a disease of sheep, goats, and cattle
F
Scrapie is mainly seen in sheep between 1.5 and 5 years of age
T
Itching is a frequent sign of scrapie
T
Both typical and atypical scrapie strains can cause itching
F
Scrapie has more clinical signs in lambs than adult sheep
F
Certain genotypes of sheep are resistant against Scrapie prion
T
Scrapie is spreading with per os infection.
T
Genetic predisposition is needed for scrapie to develop.
T
Atypical scrapie strains can cause the same clinical signs as typical scrapie.
F
Scrapie can be prevented with live vaccines
F
Scrapie sensitivity depends on genotype of sheep.
T
Scrapie can be transmitted between sheep in a flock.
T
Itching is always a clinical sign of scrapie.
F
In scrapie we can observe lameness
F
Not lameness!! Ataxia
Scrapie occurs only in Britain and Ireland.
F
Sheep cannot shed the scrapie prion
F
Clinical signs of scrapie are most frequent in animals between 6 and 12 months of age
F
Scrapie is seen only in adult sheep.
T
Scrapie is seen in sheep and goats.
T
Goat are resistant to scrapie.
F
Scrapie is spread within the flock from animal to animal.
T
Scrapie prion can infect susceptible animals per os
T
Itching can be seen in the case of typical scrapie
T
Itching can be seen in the case of atypical scrapie.
F
Certain sheep can be resistant to scrapie.
T
Scrapie can be prevented with inactivated vaccines.
F
Scrapie prion is shed by the infected animals
T
Scrapie can be prevented by using attenuated vaccines.
F
There is a per os infection in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy.
T
The behaviour of the animals is changed in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy.
T
Transmissible Mink encephalopathy can be transmitted by eating infected meat.
F!! because mink infected with BSE and is not in meat in neuro tissue
Transmissible Mink encephalopathy symptoms: being anxious.
T
Minks are infected with transmissible mink encephalopathy prion per os
T
Minks shed the transmissible mink encephalopathy prion in the faeces
F
Movement disorders are typical signs of transmissible mink encephalopathy.
T
Says ataxia in slides!!!!
Aggressiveness is a clinical sign of BSE.
T
BSE prion causes meningoencephalitis.
F
Clinical signs of BSE appear in cattle slowly
T
Movement disorders are typical clinical signs of BSE.
T
BSE prion is shed in milk in large amount.
F
BSE prion generally infects cattle in aerosol
F
BSE prion travels along the nerves from the gut to the brain
T
BSE infects animals per os
T
BSE prion generally infects cattle in aerosol
F
Enteritis and haemorrhages can be seen postmortem in BSE cattle
F
Hyperaesthesia is a clinical sign of BSE
T
Calves of cows infected with BSE are frequently infected, they have to be destroyed
F
There is no vaccine for the prevention of BSE
T
Ataxia is a clinical sign of BSE
T
BSE is a zoonotic disease
T
BSE is spreading fast in the infected herd
F
Clinical signs of BSE can be seen mainly in 1-1.5 years old cattle
F
For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy laboratory examination, we use ELISA
T
In Bovine spongiform encephalopathy the meat contains high number of prions
F
not in meat but infected neural tissue so if neural tissue contaminate the meat
Creutzfeldt Jakob syndrome is a new type of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in humans
T
BSE prions are shed in the faeces and it is transmitted to other cattle in the herd
F
The incubation time of BSE is 3-5 years.
T
Only a few animals show clinical signs of BSE in an infected herd.
T
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is widespread in Europe; it is common in most European countries.
F
BSE is not spreading from animal to animal.
T
In the case of BSE polioencephalitis is the main post mortem lesion.
F
BSE prion is mainly detected with PCR.
F
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is not shed by the infected animals.
T
Antibodies against bovine spongiform encephalopathy are detected with ELISA.
F
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading along the nerves in the infected animals.
T
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is shed in large number in the milk.
F
Changed behaviour is a typical sign of bovine spongiform encephalopathy.
T
In case of spongiform encephalopathies micro abscesses are in the brain stem
F
Spongiform encephalopathies are mainly acute diseases.
F
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies there is encephalitis
F
Spongiform encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting circulating antibodies.
F
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies the behaviour of the animal is generally changed.
T
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies encephalitis is the main post mortem lesion.
F
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies high levels of antibodies is produced
F
Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by prions.
T
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy cannot infect humans.
F
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes aggression.
T
You can diagnose bovine spongiform encephalopathy with ELISA
T
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes an immune response
F
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is a contact infection.
F
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading fast in the infected herd
F
Clinical signs of BSE can be seen mainly in 1-1.5 years old cattle.
F
BSE can be seen in calves from the age of 6 months
F
Hypersensitivity is a clinical sign of BSE.
T
Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of BSE
F
Antibodies to BSE can be detected with ELISA in infected animals
F
2-6 months old calves having BSE are frequently aggressive.
F
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is seen only in beef cows
F
Cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy have movement difficulties.
T
