TRANSMISSIBLE ENCEPHALOPATHIES Flashcards
1
Q
Transmissible encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting infective prions in the brain.
A
T
2
Q
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies lesions can only be seen in the central nervous system
A
T
3
Q
Prion diseases can be diagnosed by detecting the antibodies with ELISA
A
F
4
Q
There are major differences in the amino acid sequence of the normal and infective prions
A
F
5
Q
Spongiform encephalopathies of animals occur worldwide except Australia and New Zealand
A
F because atypical scrapie occurs in aus and NZ
6
Q
Prions can become infective prions as a result of a mutation.
A
T
7
Q
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies always degenerative lesions can be seen
A
T
8
Q
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies meningoencephalitis is a typical postmortem lesion
A
F
9
Q
Infective prions are resistant against the usual concentration of disinfectants
A
T
10
Q
Agents of transmissible encephalopathies are most frequently detected with PCR.
A
F
11
Q
Transmissible encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting infective prions in the brain.
A
T
12
Q
Weight loss is a clinical sign of Transmissible encephalopathies
A
T
13
Q
Prion diseases can be diagnosed by detecting antibodies with ELISA
A
F
14
Q
ELISA can be used for the detection of infective prions in the brain
A
T
15
Q
The folding of normal and the infective prion is different
A
T
16
Q
Infective prions are resistant against proteases
A
T
17
Q
Infective prions can survive 100 °C.
A
T
18
Q
Prions consist of protein and DNA.
A
F
19
Q
Infective prions are resistant against proteases.
A
T
20
Q
Infective prions are resistant against the usual concentration of disinfectants
A
T
21
Q
Chronic prion has no nucleic acid inside.
A
T
22
Q
Chronic prion is inactivated by boiling
A
F
23
Q
Chronic prion form has other form than normal prions.
A
T
24
Q
Prions contain protein and DNA.
A
F
25
Mutations can result infective prions
T
26
Infection with infective prions generally happens per os.
T
27
Transmissible encephalopathies are slow diseases.
T
28
In the case of transmissible encephalopathies encephalitis can be seen in the grey material of the brain
F
READ THE Q
29
Transmissible encephalopathies are caused by prions.
T
30
PCR is used to the detection of prions.
F
31
Prions always cause viraemia in the infected hosts
F
32
Prions are spreading in the host along the nerves
T
33
Normal prions are essential components of the cell membrane of the hosts
F
34
Infective prions replicate in the cytoplasm of the neurons
F
35
Infective prions are taken per os.
T
36
Encephalitis is typical in the case of transmissible encephalopathies
F
37
Protease breaks down prions
Physiological prions yes, patho no
38
Transmissible encephalopathies are acute or per-acute diseases
F
39
Antibodies to prions cannot be detected in the case of transmissible encephalopathies.
T
40
Allergy tests are widely used to diagnose transmissible encephalopathies.
F
41
Scrapie has genetic predisposition.
T
42
Scrapie prion is shed in discharges of the infected animals
T
43
The EU is free from Scrapie
F
44
Scrapie is a zoonotic disease.
F
45
Atypical scrapie strains are not shed by the infected animals
T
46
Scrapie prion is detected with PCR
F
47
Scrapie is a disease of sheep, goats, and cattle
F
48
Scrapie is mainly seen in sheep between 1.5 and 5 years of age
T
49
Itching is a frequent sign of scrapie
T
50
Both typical and atypical scrapie strains can cause itching
F
51
Scrapie has more clinical signs in lambs than adult sheep
F
52
Certain genotypes of sheep are resistant against Scrapie prion
T
53
Scrapie is spreading with per os infection.
T
54
Genetic predisposition is needed for scrapie to develop.
T
55
Atypical scrapie strains can cause the same clinical signs as typical scrapie.
F
56
Scrapie can be prevented with live vaccines
F
57
Scrapie sensitivity depends on genotype of sheep.
T
58
Scrapie can be transmitted between sheep in a flock.
T
59
Itching is always a clinical sign of scrapie.
F
60
In scrapie we can observe lameness
F
Not lameness!! Ataxia
61
Scrapie occurs only in Britain and Ireland.
F
62
Sheep cannot shed the scrapie prion
F
63
Clinical signs of scrapie are most frequent in animals between 6 and 12 months of age
F
64
Scrapie is seen only in adult sheep.
T
65
Scrapie is seen in sheep and goats.
T
66
Goat are resistant to scrapie.
F
67
Scrapie is spread within the flock from animal to animal.
T
68
Scrapie prion can infect susceptible animals per os
T
69
Itching can be seen in the case of typical scrapie
T
70
Itching can be seen in the case of atypical scrapie.
F
71
Certain sheep can be resistant to scrapie.
T
72
Scrapie can be prevented with inactivated vaccines.
F
73
Scrapie prion is shed by the infected animals
T
74
Scrapie can be prevented by using attenuated vaccines.
F
75
There is a per os infection in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy.
T
76
The behaviour of the animals is changed in the case of transmissible mink encephalopathy.
T
77
Transmissible Mink encephalopathy can be transmitted by eating infected meat.
F!! because mink infected with BSE and is not in meat in neuro tissue
78
Transmissible Mink encephalopathy symptoms: being anxious.
T
79
Minks are infected with transmissible mink encephalopathy prion per os
T
80
Minks shed the transmissible mink encephalopathy prion in the faeces
F
81
Movement disorders are typical signs of transmissible mink encephalopathy.
T
Says ataxia in slides!!!!
82
Aggressiveness is a clinical sign of BSE.
T
83
BSE prion causes meningoencephalitis.
F
84
Clinical signs of BSE appear in cattle slowly
T
85
Movement disorders are typical clinical signs of BSE.
T
86
BSE prion is shed in milk in large amount.
F
87
BSE prion generally infects cattle in aerosol
F
88
BSE prion travels along the nerves from the gut to the brain
T
89
BSE infects animals per os
T
90
BSE prion generally infects cattle in aerosol
F
91
Enteritis and haemorrhages can be seen postmortem in BSE cattle
F
92
Hyperaesthesia is a clinical sign of BSE
T
93
Calves of cows infected with BSE are frequently infected, they have to be destroyed
F
94
There is no vaccine for the prevention of BSE
T
95
Ataxia is a clinical sign of BSE
T
96
BSE is a zoonotic disease
T
97
BSE is spreading fast in the infected herd
F
98
Clinical signs of BSE can be seen mainly in 1-1.5 years old cattle
F
99
For Bovine spongiform encephalopathy laboratory examination, we use ELISA
T
100
In Bovine spongiform encephalopathy the meat contains high number of prions
F
not in meat but infected neural tissue so if neural tissue contaminate the meat
101
Creutzfeldt Jakob syndrome is a new type of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in humans
T
102
BSE prions are shed in the faeces and it is transmitted to other cattle in the herd
F
103
The incubation time of BSE is 3-5 years.
T
104
Only a few animals show clinical signs of BSE in an infected herd.
T
105
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is widespread in Europe; it is common in most European countries.
F
106
BSE is not spreading from animal to animal.
T
107
In the case of BSE polioencephalitis is the main post mortem lesion.
F
108
BSE prion is mainly detected with PCR.
F
109
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is not shed by the infected animals.
T
110
Antibodies against bovine spongiform encephalopathy are detected with ELISA.
F
111
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading along the nerves in the infected animals.
T
112
The agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy is shed in large number in the milk.
F
113
Changed behaviour is a typical sign of bovine spongiform encephalopathy.
T
114
In case of spongiform encephalopathies micro abscesses are in the brain stem
F
115
Spongiform encephalopathies are mainly acute diseases.
F
116
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies there is encephalitis
F
117
Spongiform encephalopathies can be diagnosed by detecting circulating antibodies.
F
118
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies the behaviour of the animal is generally changed.
T
119
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies encephalitis is the main post mortem lesion.
F
120
In the case of spongiform encephalopathies high levels of antibodies is produced
F
121
Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by prions.
T
122
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy cannot infect humans.
F
123
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes aggression.
T
124
You can diagnose bovine spongiform encephalopathy with ELISA
T
125
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy causes an immune response
F
126
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is a contact infection.
F
127
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is spreading fast in the infected herd
F
128
Clinical signs of BSE can be seen mainly in 1-1.5 years old cattle.
F
129
BSE can be seen in calves from the age of 6 months
F
130
Hypersensitivity is a clinical sign of BSE.
T
131
Focal necrosis in the liver is a typical post mortem lesion of BSE
F
132
Antibodies to BSE can be detected with ELISA in infected animals
F
133
2-6 months old calves having BSE are frequently aggressive.
F
134
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is seen only in beef cows
F
135
Cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy have movement difficulties.
T
