Equine Encephalomyelitis

Question 1

Horse encephalomyelitis viruses are transmitted by ticks

Answer 1

F

Question 2

Abortion is the main clinical sign of togavirus infection results in abortion of horses

Answer 2

F

Question 3

The leading clinical sign of togavirus infection is the frothy nasal discharge

Answer 3

F

Question 4

Togavirus infection in horses results in hepatitis

Answer 4

F

Question 5

In the geographic distribution of equine togavirus migratory birds have an important role

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Rodents serve as reservoirs for the Western equine encephalomyelitis virus

Answer 6

T

Question 7

Rodents serve as reservoirs for Venezuelan horse encephalomyelitis virus

Answer 7

T

Question 8

Equine encephalomyelitis viruses are zoonotic

Answer 8

T

Question 9

Equine encephalomyelitis viruses can cause asymptomatic infections

Answer 9

T

Question 10

Horses encephalomyelitis vaccines defend against African horse sickness (cross protection)

Answer 10

F

Question 11

Birds serve as reservoirs for the Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus

Answer 11

T

Question 12

Equine encephalomyelitis viruses can cause lameness in horses

Answer 12

T

Question 13

Birds serve as reservoirs for Venezuelan horse encephalomyelitis virus

Answer 13

F

Question 14

Western equine encephalitis causes the highest mortality

Answer 14

F

Question 15

Equine encephalitis can be diagnosed easily by gross pathology

Answer 15

F

Question 16

In Venezuelan horse encephalitis enteric symptoms can be observed too

Answer 16

T

Question 17

Recovery from equine horse encephalitis induces immunity that lasts only 1 year

Answer 17

F

Question 18

Equine encephalitis vaccines are available only for humans

Answer 18

F

Question 19

An early sign of Eastern encephalomyelitis is biphasic fever

Answer 19

T

Question 20

Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus infects only horses

Answer 20

F

Question 21

Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of equine encephalomyelitis viruses

Answer 21

T

Question 22

Equine encephalomyelitis can cause abortion in human

Answer 22

T

Question 23

Wild birds are involved in the transmission cycle of eastern equine encephalomyelitis

Answer 23

T

Question 24

Ticks are involved in the transmission cycle of EEE

Answer 24

F

Question 25

In endemic countries vaccines are available against equine viral encephalomyelitis

Answer 25

T

Question 26

Some strains of Venezuelan horse encephalitis virus can be transmitted from horse to other hosts

Answer 26

T check

Question 27

Vaccination of horses in the Americas is used to prevent togavirus infections.

Answer 27

T

Question 28

The Equine encephalitis virus may cause abortion.

Answer 28

T

Question 29

The Eastern Equine Encephalitis is present in Japan and Korea.

Answer 29

F

Question 30

Mosquitoes are the principal vectors of the Western Equine encephalitis.

Answer 30

T

Question 31

No characteristic gross pathology lesions are seen in Equine encephalitis caused by Togaviruses.

Answer 31

T

Question 32

Eastern, Western and Venezuelan Equine encephalitis viruses are zoonotic agents.

Answer 32

T

Question 33

Togaviruses caused encephalomyelitis of horses occurs frequently worldwide.

Answer 33

F

Question 34

The host range of horse encephalomyelitis togaviruses is wide.

Answer 34

T

Question 35

American horse encephalomyelitis most frequently cause clinical signs is birds, horses and humans.

Answer 35

T

Question 36

Humans are not susceptible to horse encephalomyelitis togaviruses.

Answer 36

F

Question 37

American horse encephalomyelitis viruses represent several types and subtypes.

Answer 37

T

Question 38

Vectors of American horse encephalomyelitis Togaviruses are mosquitoes

Answer 38

T

Question 39

Main means of control of American Horse encephalomyelitis are mosquito control and vaccines.

Answer 39

T

Question 40

Vaccines cannot be used to prevent Togaviruses caused encephalomyelitis of horse

Answer 40

F

Question 41

An early sign of Eastern encephalomyelitis is biphasic fever.

Answer 41

T

Question 42

Mainly ticks are the vectors of Equine encephalomyelitis viruses.

Answer 42

F

Question 43

Serological cross-reactions are seen between certain encephalomyelitis viruses.

Answer 43

T

Question 44

Equine encephalomyelitis viruses cause disease in horse populations worldwide.

Answer 44

F

Question 45

Equine encephalomyelitis outbreaks are usually emerging in summer or rainy seasons.

Answer 45

T

Question 46

After recovery from acute viral encephalomyelitis permanent lesions may remain in horses.

Answer 46

T

Question 47

The equine encephalomyelitis viruses are zoonotic agents.

Answer 47

T

Question 48

Togavirus infections can unambiguously be diagnosed based on clinical signs and pathology.

Answer 48

F

Question 49

In Europe vaccination of horses against equine encephalomyelitis is compulsory.

Answer 49

F

Question 50

Togavirus infection results in abortion of horses

Answer 50

T

Question 51

Horse encephalitis occurs only in America

Answer 51

T