Equine Encephalomyelitis Flashcards
Horse encephalomyelitis viruses are transmitted by ticks
F
Abortion is the main clinical sign of togavirus infection results in abortion of horses
F
The leading clinical sign of togavirus infection is the frothy nasal discharge
F
Togavirus infection in horses results in hepatitis
F
In the geographic distribution of equine togavirus migratory birds have an important role
T
Rodents serve as reservoirs for the Western equine encephalomyelitis virus
T
Rodents serve as reservoirs for Venezuelan horse encephalomyelitis virus
T
Equine encephalomyelitis viruses are zoonotic
T
Equine encephalomyelitis viruses can cause asymptomatic infections
T
Horses encephalomyelitis vaccines defend against African horse sickness (cross protection)
F
Birds serve as reservoirs for the Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus
T
Equine encephalomyelitis viruses can cause lameness in horses
T
Birds serve as reservoirs for Venezuelan horse encephalomyelitis virus
F
Western equine encephalitis causes the highest mortality
F
Equine encephalitis can be diagnosed easily by gross pathology
F
In Venezuelan horse encephalitis enteric symptoms can be observed too
T
Recovery from equine horse encephalitis induces immunity that lasts only 1 year
F
Equine encephalitis vaccines are available only for humans
F
An early sign of Eastern encephalomyelitis is biphasic fever
T
Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus infects only horses
F
Mosquitoes are the principle vectors of equine encephalomyelitis viruses
T
Equine encephalomyelitis can cause abortion in human
T
Wild birds are involved in the transmission cycle of eastern equine encephalomyelitis
T
Ticks are involved in the transmission cycle of EEE
F
In endemic countries vaccines are available against equine viral encephalomyelitis
T
Some strains of Venezuelan horse encephalitis virus can be transmitted from horse to other
hosts
T
check
Vaccination of horses in the Americas is used to prevent togavirus infections.
T
The Equine encephalitis virus may cause abortion.
T
The Eastern Equine Encephalitis is present in Japan and Korea.
F
Mosquitoes are the principal vectors of the Western Equine encephalitis.
T
No characteristic gross pathology lesions are seen in Equine encephalitis caused by
Togaviruses.
T
Eastern, Western and Venezuelan Equine encephalitis viruses are zoonotic agents.
T
Togaviruses caused encephalomyelitis of horses occurs frequently worldwide.
F
The host range of horse encephalomyelitis togaviruses is wide.
T
American horse encephalomyelitis most frequently cause clinical signs is birds, horses and
humans.
T
Humans are not susceptible to horse encephalomyelitis togaviruses.
F
American horse encephalomyelitis viruses represent several types and subtypes.
T
Vectors of American horse encephalomyelitis Togaviruses are mosquitoes
T
Main means of control of American Horse encephalomyelitis are mosquito control and
vaccines.
T
Vaccines cannot be used to prevent Togaviruses caused encephalomyelitis of horse
F
An early sign of Eastern encephalomyelitis is biphasic fever.
T
Mainly ticks are the vectors of Equine encephalomyelitis viruses.
F
Serological cross-reactions are seen between certain encephalomyelitis viruses.
T
Equine encephalomyelitis viruses cause disease in horse populations worldwide.
F
Equine encephalomyelitis outbreaks are usually emerging in summer or rainy seasons.
T
After recovery from acute viral encephalomyelitis permanent lesions may remain in horses.
T
The equine encephalomyelitis viruses are zoonotic agents.
T
Togavirus infections can unambiguously be diagnosed based on clinical signs and pathology.
F
In Europe vaccination of horses against equine encephalomyelitis is compulsory.
F
Togavirus infection results in abortion of horses
T
Horse encephalitis occurs only in America
T
