Translation Flashcards
1
Q
tRNA
A
- made up of RNA strand
- CCA nucleotide at 3’ end for attachment of a nucleotide
2
Q
Eukaryotic initiation of translation
A
- translation initiation complex forms towards 5’ cap of mRNA and scans until start codon
- large and small subunits of ribosome will assemble to form a functional ribosome
- initiation factors are released
3
Q
Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic elongation during translation
A
- methionine starts at P site
- each tRNA enters at the A site
- charged tRNA enters the P site and a peptide bond is formed allowing the amino acid to be released from tRNA
- uncharged tRNA goes to E site where it leaves the ribosome
4
Q
Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic Termination
A
- once stop codon is reached, GTP bound release factors will bind to A site and catalyze the bond between terminal amino acid and tRNA
- further GTP hydrolysis will enable the dissociation of subunits
5
Q
Prokaryotic initiation of translation
A
have no 5’ caps so it will start at Shine Dalgarno Sequences
-ribosome has to be assembled, mRNA has to be attached, tRNA methionine has to be assembled, initiation factors
6
Q
Beadle and Tatum
A
- Neurospora Crassa was able to grow on a medium that contains only simple sugars and a few other essential nutrients
- these genes convert these simple ingredients into proteins necessary for survival
7
Q
Srb and Horowitz
A
- wanted to see if specific genes produced each of the three enzymes needed for arginine synthesis
- no cells grew when supplemented with just ornithine or citrulline
- when it was supplemented with arginine all three mutants grew