Genetic Variation

Question 1

Tandem Repeats

Answer 1

can be up to several thousand nucleotides in length and be present next to each other in multiple identical or near identical copies

Question 2

Simple Sequence Repeats

Answer 2

repeats as short as two nucleotides

Question 3

DNA Polymorphisms

Answer 3

• reside mostly in noncoding regions
• allow for the assembly of high-density genetic maps and are often referred to as DNA markers which are detectable using different techniques like PCR and microarray analysis

Question 4

SNPs

Answer 4

• one of the most common types of genetic variation
• brought about by single nucleotide base change that can occur in a significant portion of a population
• If a SNP is linked to a gene of interest, then every time that gene is passed on the SNP is also

Question 5

DNA microarray analysis can be used to detect _____________

Answer 5

SNP genotypes

Question 6

How microarray detects SNPs

Answer 6

-fluorescence pattern will indicate if the SNP is hetero or homozygous

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

representation of the pair of alleles carried by a person

Question 8

Phenotype

Answer 8

the cell or bodies interpretation of the genotype

Question 9

Sickle Cell Anemia

Answer 9

• HbS alleles are not able to make functional beta globin proteins
• a biochemical change will occur at protein level which will result in the aggregation of the abnormal beta-hemoglobin protein which creates long rodlike structures that block capillaries
• HbA compensates for the HbS