Translation

Question 1

What enzyme is responsible for rRNA synthesis?

Answer 1

RNA polymerase I

Question 2

What are the sizes of the ribosome subunits in eukaryotes vs prokaryotes?

Answer 2

eukaryotes: large is 60S subunits, small is 40S subunits.
prokaryotes: large is 50S subunits, small is 30S subunits.

Question 3

What parts of mRNA signal binding of small ribosomal subunit in eukaryotes vs prokaryotes?

Answer 3

eukaryotes: binds at the 5’ cap.
prokaryotes: binds at the Shine-Dalgarno non-coding sequence.

Question 4

When does the large ribosomal subunit bind?

Answer 4

when the small subunit reaches a start codon

Question 5

What enzyme creates the peptide bonds between amino acids of the growing poolypeptide chain? what is it’s fuel source?

Answer 5

peptidyl transferase

uses GTP

Question 6

What is the role of elongation factors?

Answer 6

recruit tRNA and GTP, and remove GDP

Question 7

How does tranlatin stop?

Answer 7

release factor binds to stop codon