Translation Flashcards
what does translation do
takes RNA codons to amino acids
what is the start codon
AUG
what are the three stop codons
UGA, UAG, UAA
what does the redundancy of codons do
increases the robustness of translation - meaning mutations may not always lead to changes of proteins
what is a wobble base
the last base in the codon sequence - first base in the anticodon sequence of tRNA
what do tRNAs do
attaches amino acids to RNA
where does tRNA bind to RNA / where does the amino acid attach to tRNA
in the anticodon loop / attaches to the ribose at the 3’ end of tRNA
how does the anticodon interact with the codon of the RNA
it is the reverse and complement of it
how many codons can one anticodon loop recognize
up to 4 different codons - the base pairing of the wobble base is flexible so
what makes up the bacterial ribosome
it is 70S and contains a 30S small subunit and a 50S large subunit
where does peptide bond formation occur / what catalyzes peptidodyl transferase
in the 50S subunit / the 50S subunit
what are the three binding sites of the ribosome
acceptor site, peptidyl-tRNA site, and the exit site
what happens in initiation of protein synthesis
30S subunit (initiation complex) binds to mRNA and identifies the RBS (start site)
what pairs with the ribosome binding site
16S rRNA
what do all start codons in bacteria bind to
fMET-tRNA in the 30S subunit
