Translation Flashcards

1
Q

Cilia

A

繊毛

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

macrophage

A

マクロファージ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Yeast

A

酵母

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Specialization

A

専門化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

molecular

A

分子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

polymer

A

重合体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nucleotide

A

ヌクレオチド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

replication

A

複製

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

transcription

A

転写

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

translation

A

翻訳

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

central dogma

A

セントラルドグマ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

catalyst

A

触媒(しょくばい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

conformation

A

立体構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

daughter cell

A

娘細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

base sequence

A

塩基配列

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

metabolic reaction

A

代謝反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

mutation

A

突然変異

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

parent cell

A

親細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

sexual reproduction

A

有性生殖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

natural selection

A

自然選択

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

gene

A

遺伝子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

embryo

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

differentiation

A

分化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

optical microscope

A

光学顕微鏡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

electron microscope

A

電子顕微鏡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

theory of evolution

A

進化論

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

extracellular matrix

A

細胞外マトリックス

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

sugar chain, carbohydrate chain

A

糖鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

plasma membrane

A

細胞膜(形質膜)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

nucleus

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

cytoplasm

A

細胞質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

fluorescent microscope

A

蛍光顕微鏡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

ribosome

A

リボソーム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

organelle

A

細胞小器官

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

endocellular membrane/intracellular membrane

A

細胞内膜

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

transmission electron microscope

A

透過型電子顕微鏡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

scanning electron microscope

A

走査型電子顕微鏡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

prokaryotic cell

A

原核細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

eukaryotic cell

A

真核細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

cocci

A

球型の細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

bacillus

A

桿状細胞(かんじょう)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

spirili

A

らせん状

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

cell wall

A

細胞壁

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

archaea

A

あーきあ、古細菌

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

aerobic

A

好気的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

anaerobic

A

嫌気的(けんき)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

oxidation

A

酸化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

carbon

A

炭素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

nitrogen

A

窒素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

inorganic matter

A

無機物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

hydrogen

A

水素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

sulfur

A

硫黄

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

phosphorus

A

燐(リン)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

photosynthesis

A

光合成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

chloroplast

A

葉緑体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

pathogenic

A

病原性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

nuclear envelope

A

核膜

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

concentric

A

同心円状

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

chromosome

A

染色体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

adenosine triphosphate

A

アデノシン三リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

cellular respiration

A

細胞呼吸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

symbiosis

A

共生

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

chlorophyl

A

葉緑素(クロロフィル)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

小胞体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

golgi body

A

ゴルジ体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

lysosome

A

リンソーム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

cytosol

A

サイトゾル

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

peroxisome

A

ペルオキシソーム。。。多様な物質の酸化反応を行っている。ペルオキシソームの関わる代謝経路には、超長鎖脂肪酸のベータ酸化、コレステロールや胆汁酸の合成、アミノ酸やプリンの代謝などが知られ、これらは内腔に含まれるオキシダーゼによって行われる。オキシダーゼの働きによって活性酸素の一種である過酸化水素が発生するが、これは同様に内腔に含まれるカタラーゼによって分解される。ペルオキシソームは、リソソームやゴルジ体等の細胞小器官と異なり、小胞輸送を利用せず、細胞質から直接蛋白質を取り込み成長し、ミトコンドリアのように分裂して増殖すると考えられてきた。しかし、構成蛋白質が小胞体を経由するという報告もあり、小胞体起源で形成される過程も存在する可能性が高まっている。

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

hydrogen peroxide

A

過酸化水素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

transport vesicles

A

輸送小胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

invagination

A

陥入(かんにゅう)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

endocytosis

A

エンドサイトーシス(飲食作用)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

exocytosis

A

エキソサイトーシス(開口分泌)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

aqueous gel

A

水性ゲル

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

cytoskeleton

A

細胞骨格

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

actin filament

A

アクチンフィラメント

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

microtubules

A

微小管

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

intermediate filament

A

中間径フィラメント

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

static

A

静的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

motor protein

A

モータータンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

bifurcation or divergence

A

分岐

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

nucleolus

A

核小体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

vacuole

A

液胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

chromatin

A

クロマチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

fungus

A

真菌

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

protozoan…a single-celled microscopic animal of a group of phyla of the kingdom Protista, such as an amoeba, flagellate, ciliate, or sporozoan.

A

原生動物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

stickiness

A

固着性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

sensory hair

A

感覚毛

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

photoreceptor

A

光受容器

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

eschrichia coli

A

大腸菌

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

zygte

A

接合子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

fertilized egg

A

受精卵

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

interaction

A

相互作用

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

dorsophila (fruit fly)

A

ショウショウバエ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

dorsophila (fruit fly)

A

ショウショウバエ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

cell cycle

A

細胞周期

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

somatic cells

A

体細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

apoptosis

A

アポトーシス

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

vertebrae

A

脊椎

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

mammals

A

哺乳類

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

genetics

A

遺伝学

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

embryology

A

発生学

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

immunology

A

免疫学

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

in vitro

A

ガラス容器内

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

in vivo

A

生きている

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

differentiation trait

A

分化形質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

connective tissue

A

結合組織

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

fibroblasts…is a type of cell that contributes to the formation of connective tissue, a fibrous cellular material that supports and connects other tissues or organs in the body. Fibroblasts secrete collagen proteins that help maintain the structural framework of tissues.

A

線維芽細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

cardiomyocytes

A

心筋細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

nerve cell

A

神経細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

axon

A

軸索

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

epithelial cells

A

上皮細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

growth factors

A

増殖因子・成長因子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

genetic deficiency/genetic defect

A

遺伝的欠損

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

circular double strand

A

環状二重鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

base pair

A

塩基対

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

homologous

A

相同である

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

gene activity

A

遺伝活性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

maturation

A

成熟化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

ER cistern

A

小胞体槽

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

fatty acid

A

脂肪酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

carbon compounds

A

炭素化合物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

subunit

A

構成単位

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

chain molecules

A

鎖状分子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

breed

A

繁殖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

chemical bonds

A

化学結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

element

A

元素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

atom

A

原子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

negative charge

A

負電荷(ふでんか)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

atomic nucleus

A

原子核

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

positive charge

A

正電荷(せいでんか)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

electrostatic attraction

A

静電引力

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

proton

A

陽子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

neutron

A

中性子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

charge

A

電荷

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
136
Q

radioactive decay

A

放射性崩壊

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
137
Q

isotope

A

同位体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
138
Q

atomic weight

A

原子量

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
139
Q

molecular weight

A

分子量

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
140
Q

hydrogen

A

水素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
141
Q

nitrogen

A

窒素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
142
Q

oxygen

A

酸素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
143
Q

outermost electron

A

最外殻電子(さいがいかくでんし)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
144
Q

electron shell

A

電子殻

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
145
Q

inactive (inert) gas

A

不活性ガス

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
146
Q

ionic bond

A

イオン結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
147
Q

covalent bond

A

共有結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
148
Q

cation

A

陽イオン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
149
Q

anion

A

陰イオン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
150
Q

bond length

A

結合長

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
151
Q

bond energy

A

結合エネルギー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
152
Q

tetrahedron

A

正四面体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
153
Q

single bond

A

単結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
154
Q

double bond

A

二重結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
155
Q

polar covalent bond

A

極性共有結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
156
Q

polar

A

極性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
157
Q

electronegativity

A

電気陰性度

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
158
Q

enzyme

A

酵素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
159
Q

chlorine

A

塩素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
160
Q

sodium

A

ナトリウム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
161
Q

ion

A

イオン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
162
Q

+1 charge

A

1価の正電荷

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
163
Q

-1 charge

A

1価の負電荷

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
164
Q

biologial reaction process

A

生体反応過程

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
165
Q

hydrogen bonds

A

水素結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
166
Q

positive charge region

A

正電荷領域

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
167
Q

boiling point

A

沸点

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
168
Q

surface tension

A

表面張力

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
169
Q

hydrophobic

A

疎水性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
170
Q

hydrophilic

A

親水性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
171
Q

noncovalent bond

A

非共有結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
172
Q

electrostatic attraction

A

静電引力

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
173
Q

polar group

A

極性基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
174
Q

partial positive charge

A

部分正電荷

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
175
Q

partial negative charge

A

部分負電荷

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
176
Q

van der waals attraction

A

ファンデルワールス引力

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
177
Q

hydrophobic force

A

疎水効果

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
178
Q

acid

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
179
Q

base

A

塩基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
180
Q

proton (H+)

A

プロトン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
181
Q

hydronium ion (H3O+)

A

ヒドロニウムイオン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
182
Q

aqueous solution

A

水溶液

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
183
Q

pure water

A

純水

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
184
Q

HCl

A

塩酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
185
Q

acetic acid

A

酢酸(さくさん)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
186
Q

carboxyl group

A

カルボキシ基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
187
Q

solution

A

溶液

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
188
Q

hydroxide ion (OH-)

A

水酸化物イオン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
189
Q

alkalynity

A

アルカリ性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
190
Q

amino group

A

アミノ基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
191
Q

buffer

A

緩衝剤(かんしょうざい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
192
Q

methyl group

A

メチル基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
193
Q

hydroxyl group (OH)

A

ヒドロキシ基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
194
Q

carbonyl group R - C = O
R -

A

カルボニル基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
195
Q

phosphoric acid (-PO3-2)/ phosphate

A

ホスホリ基 or リン酸基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
196
Q

chemical group

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
197
Q

transfer/give and recieve

A

授受

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
198
Q

free state

A

遊離状態

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
199
Q

nucleic acid

A

核酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
200
Q

polysaccharide

A

多糖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
201
Q

monomer

A

単量体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
202
Q

precursor

A

前駆物質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
203
Q

phospholipid

A

リン脂質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
204
Q

carbohydrate

A

炭水化物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
205
Q

mirror image

A

鏡像

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
206
Q

mannose

A

マンノース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
207
Q

galactose

A

ガラクトース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
208
Q

isomer

A

異性体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
209
Q

optical isomer

A

光学異性体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
210
Q

sucrose

A

スクロース or ショ糖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
211
Q

fructose

A

フルクトース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
212
Q

glucose

A

グルコース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
213
Q

oligosaccharide

A

オリゴ糖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
214
Q

condensation reaction

A

縮合反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
215
Q

hydrolysis reaction

A

加水分解

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
216
Q

glycogen

A

グリコゲン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
217
Q

starch

A

デンプン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
218
Q

cellulose

A

セルロース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
219
Q

exoskeleton

A

外骨格

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
220
Q

chitin

A

キチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
221
Q

acetylglycosamine

A

アセチルグルコサミン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
222
Q

sugar derivative

A

糖誘導体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
223
Q

glycoprotein

A

糖タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
224
Q

glycolipids

A

糖脂質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
225
Q

palmitic acid

A

パルミチン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
226
Q

hydrocarbon chain

A

炭化水素鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
227
Q

reactivity

A

反応性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
228
Q

carboxylic acid (-COOH)

A

カルボン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
229
Q

amphipathic

A

両親媒性(りょうしんばいせい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
230
Q

saturated

A

飽和(ほうわ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
231
Q

unsaturated

A

不飽和

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
232
Q

liquidity

A

流動性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
233
Q

triacylglylcerol

A

トリアシルグリセロール

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
234
Q

derivative

A

誘導体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
235
Q

organic solvent

A

有機溶媒

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
236
Q

steroid

A

ステロイド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
237
Q

ring structure

A

環状構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
238
Q

lipid bilayer

A

脂質二重層

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
239
Q

phophoric acid

A

リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
240
Q

monomolecular layer

A

単分子層

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
241
Q

side chain

A

側鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
242
Q

3d conformation

A

三次元構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
243
Q

peptide bond

A

ペプチド結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
244
Q

polypeptide

A

ポリペプチド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
245
Q

N-terminus

A

N末端

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
246
Q

C-terminus

A

C末端

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
247
Q

glycine

A

グリシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
248
Q

antibiotics

A

抗生物質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
249
Q

lysine

A

リシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
250
Q

glutamic acid

A

グルタミン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
251
Q

compound

A

化合物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
252
Q

pentose

A

五炭糖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
253
Q

ribose

A

リボース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
254
Q

deoxyribose

A

デオキシリボース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
255
Q

ribonucleotide

A

リボヌクレオチド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
256
Q

deoxyribonucleotide

A

デオキシリボヌクレオチド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
257
Q

membered ring compound

A

#員環化合物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
258
Q

pyrimidine

A

ピリミジン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
259
Q

cytosine

A

シトシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
260
Q

thymine

A

チミン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
261
Q

uracil

A

ウラシル

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
262
Q

purine base

A

プリン塩基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
263
Q

guanine

A

グアニン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
264
Q

adenine

A

アデニン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
265
Q

adenosine triphosphate

A

アデノシン三リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
266
Q

oxidative degradation

A

酸化的分解

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
267
Q

phosphoanhydride bond

A

リン酸無水結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
268
Q

free energy

A

自由エネルギー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
269
Q

phosphodiester bonds

A

ホスホジエステル結合… It is found in the DNA and RNA backbone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
270
Q

inorganic pyrophosphate (diphosphate)

A

無機ピロリン酸(二リン酸)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
271
Q

phosphoric acid backbone

A

リン酸主鎖(しゅさ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
272
Q

ribonucleic acid

A

リボ核酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
273
Q

deoxyribonucleic acid

A

デオキシリボ核酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
274
Q

double helix

A

二重らせん

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
275
Q

base pair formation

A

塩基対形成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
276
Q

macromolecules

A

巨大分子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
277
Q

ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase

A

リブロースビスリン酸カルボキシラーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
278
Q

tubulin

A

チューブリン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
279
Q

microtubules

A

微小管

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
280
Q

histone

A

ヒストン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
281
Q

myosin

A

ミオシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
282
Q

specific

A

特異的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
283
Q

elongation

A

伸長

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
284
Q

rely

A

依存

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
285
Q

polymerization

A

重合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
286
Q

conformation

A

コンホメーション(立体構造)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
287
Q

activity

A

活性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
288
Q

activate

A

活性化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
289
Q

substrate

A

基質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
290
Q

state of assembly

A

会合状態

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
291
Q

protein complex

A

タンパク質複合体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
292
Q

protein synthesis

A

タンパク質合成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
293
Q

branched structure

A

枝分かれ構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
294
Q

solvent

A

溶媒

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
295
Q

spatial

A

空間的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
296
Q

amide

A

アミド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
297
Q

aldehyde C=O
|
H

A

アルデヒド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
298
Q

ketone

A

ケトン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
299
Q

carboxylic acid (C on =O and -H)

A

カルボン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
300
Q

ester (=O and O-R on C)

A

エステル

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
301
Q

sulfhydryl group (R-SH)

A

スルフヒドリル基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
302
Q

benzene

A

ベンゼン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
303
Q

symmetric

A

対称

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
304
Q

asymmetric

A

非対称

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
305
Q

specific heat

A

比熱

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
306
Q

heat of vaporization

A

気化熱

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
307
Q

aggregate (small stuff comes together to form one thing)

A

凝集

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
308
Q

urea

A

尿素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
309
Q

solute…the minor component in a solution, dissolved in the solvent.

A

溶質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
310
Q

reversible reaction

A

可逆反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
311
Q

convenience

A

便宜(べんぎ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
312
Q

minerals

A

鉱物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
313
Q

table salt

A

食卓塩

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
314
Q

charged

A

荷電

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
315
Q

substrate

A

基質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
316
Q

repulsion

A

反発

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
317
Q

hydrophobic bonds

A

疏水結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
318
Q

aldose (a monosaccharide that contains an aldehyde)

A

アルドース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
319
Q

ketose (a monosaccharide with a ketone)

A

ケトース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
320
Q

ring

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
321
Q

spatial arrangement

A

空間配置

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
322
Q

beta-hydroxy

A

βヒドロキシル

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
323
Q

alpha-hydroxy

A

αヒドロキシル

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
324
Q

disaccharide

A

二糖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
325
Q

maltose

A

マルトース

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
326
Q

glycogen

A

グリコゲン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
327
Q

unsaturated fatty acids

A

不飽和脂肪酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
328
Q

saturated fatty acids

A

飽和脂肪酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
329
Q

storage material

A

貯蔵物質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
330
Q

choline

A

コリン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
331
Q

surface membrane

A

表面膜

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
332
Q

micelle

A

ミセル

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
333
Q

insoluble

A

不溶

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
334
Q

cholesterol

A

コレステロール

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
335
Q

testosterone

A

テストステロン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
336
Q

sugar residue

A

糖残基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
337
Q

abbreviation

A

略号

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
338
Q

affinity

A

親和性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
339
Q

resonance

A

共鳴

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
340
Q

asymmetric

A

不斉(ふせい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
341
Q

sterioisomer

A

立体異性体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
342
Q

mirror image isomers

A

鏡像異性体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
343
Q

structural formula

A

構造式

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
344
Q

optical isomer

A

光学異性体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
345
Q

cis-trans isomers

A

幾何異性体(きかいせいたい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
346
Q

complex

A

錯体(さくたい)金属イオンに配位子(ligand)と呼ばれる分子やイオンが結合したものが錯体です.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
347
Q

plane structure

A

平面構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
348
Q

basic side chain

A

塩基性側鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
349
Q

lysine (K and Lys)

A

リシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
350
Q

arginine (R and arg)

A

アルギニン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
351
Q

histidine (H and His)

A

ヒスチジン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
352
Q

acidic side chain

A

酸性側鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
353
Q

aspartic acid (D and asp)

A

アスパラギン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
354
Q

glutamic acid (E and Glu)

A

グルタミン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
355
Q

uncharged polar side chain

A

非荷電極性側鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
356
Q

asparagine (N and asn)

A

アスパラギン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
357
Q

glutamine (Q and gln)

A

グルタミン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
358
Q

serine (S and Ser)

A

セリン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
359
Q

threonine (T and Thr)

A

トレオニン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
360
Q

tyrosine (Y and tyr)

A

チロシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
361
Q

non-polar side chain

A

非極性側鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
362
Q

alanine (A and ala)

A

アラニン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
363
Q

valine (V and Val)

A

バリン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
364
Q

leucine (L and Leu)

A

ロイシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
365
Q

isoleucine (I and Ile)

A

イソロイシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
366
Q

proline (P and Pro)

A

プロリン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
367
Q

phenylalanine (F and phe)

A

フェニルアラニン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
368
Q

methionine (M and met)

A

メチオニン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
369
Q

tryptophan (W and trp)

A

トリプトファン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
370
Q

glycine (G and Gly)

A

グリシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
371
Q

cysteine (C and Cys)

A

システイン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
372
Q

disulfide bond

A

ジスルフィド結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
373
Q

phosphoric acid group (phosphate group)

A

リン酸基

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
374
Q

N-glycosidic bond…
A glycosidic bond is formed between the hemiacetal or hemiketal group of a saccharide (or a molecule derived from a saccharide) and the hydroxyl group of some compound such as an alcohol. A substance containing a glycosidic bond is a glycoside. N-glycosidic bonds, have the glycosidic bond oxygen replaced with nitrogen.

A

N-グリコシド結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
375
Q

base + sugar = nucleoside

A

塩基+糖=ヌクレオシド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
376
Q

base + sugar + phosphate group = nucleotide

A

塩基+糖+リン酸基=ヌクレオチド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
377
Q

adenosine monophosphate (AMP)

A

アデノシン一リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
378
Q

deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP)

A

デオキシアデノシン一リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
379
Q

uridine diphosphate (UDP)

A

ウリジン二リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
380
Q

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

A

アデノシン三リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
381
Q

phosphoanhydride bond

A

リン酸無水結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
382
Q

coenzyme

A

補酵素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
383
Q

cyclic AMP

A

サイクリックAMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
384
Q

catalysis

A

触媒作用

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
385
Q

biosynthesis

A

生合成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
386
Q

randomness

A

乱雑さ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
387
Q

order

A

秩序

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
388
Q

chemical deterioration

A

化学的劣化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
389
Q

modification

A

修飾(しゅうしょく)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
390
Q

principle

A

原理的…
ある法則を成り立たせている基本的な仕組みに基づくさま。

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
391
Q

starting material

A

出発物質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
392
Q

catabolism

A

異化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
393
Q

anabolism

A

同化 or 生合成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
394
Q

living body or organism

A

生体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
395
Q

steady

A

定常的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
396
Q

disorder

A

無秩序

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
397
Q

molecular mechanism

A

分子機構

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
398
Q

second law of thermodynamics

A

熱力学第二法則

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
399
Q

closed system

A

閉鎖系

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
400
Q

system

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
401
Q

entropy

A

エントロピー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
402
Q

photon

A

光子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
403
Q

outside world

A

外界

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
404
Q

thermal motion

A

熱運動

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
405
Q

heat of formation… the enthalpy change when 1 mol of compound is formed at standard state (25°C, 1 atm) from its constituting elements in their standard state.

A

生成熱

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
406
Q

heat generation

A

熱生成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
407
Q

chaos

A

カオス 又は 混沌(こんとん)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
408
Q

combustion

A

燃焼

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
409
Q

electromagnetic energy

A

電磁エネルギー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
410
Q

photosynthesis

A

光合成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
411
Q

activated carrier

A

活性運搬体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
412
Q

carbon fixation…the incorporation of carbon into organic compounds by living organisms, chiefly by photosynthesis in green plants.

A

炭素固定

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
413
Q

oxidation

A

酸化(制御された燃焼)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
414
Q

containing

A

含有(がんゆう)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
415
Q

carbon containing molecule

A

炭素含有分子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
416
Q

cell respiration

A

細胞呼吸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
417
Q

complementary

A

相補的(そうほてき)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
418
Q

oxidative decomposition

A

酸化分解

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
419
Q

fungus

A

真菌

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
420
Q

biosphere…the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth or another planet occupied by living organisms.

A

生物圏

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
421
Q

reduction

A

還元

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
422
Q

addition

A

付加

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
423
Q

electron affinity

A

電子親和性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
424
Q

hydrogenation reaction

A

水素化反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
425
Q

dehydrogenation reaction

A

脱水素反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
426
Q

contribution

A

寄与(きよ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
427
Q

spontaneous reaction

A

自発反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
428
Q

activation energy

A

活性化エネルギー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
429
Q

reactant

A

反応物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
430
Q

product

A

生成物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
431
Q

chemical interaction

A

化学相互性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
432
Q

barrier

A

障壁

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
433
Q

selectivity

A

選択性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
434
Q

free energy (G)

A

自由エネルギー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
435
Q

migrate

A

遷移(せんい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
436
Q

free energy change (delta G)

A

自由エネルギー変化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
437
Q

dissolution

A

溶解

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
438
Q

activation site

A

活性部位

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
439
Q

equilibrium

A

平衡(へいこう)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
440
Q

relative concentration

A

相対濃度

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
441
Q

forward reaction

A

順方向反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
442
Q

reverse reaction

A

逆方向反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
443
Q

compatible

A

相容れる(あいいれる)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
444
Q

non-equlibrium

A

非平衡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
445
Q

standard free energy change

A

標準自由エネルギー変化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
446
Q

behaviour

A

挙動

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
447
Q

already known

A

既知(きち)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
448
Q

vibration

A

振動

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
449
Q

rotation

A

回転

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
450
Q

motion

A

運動

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
451
Q

coupled reaction

A

共役反応(きょうやく)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
452
Q

single reaction

A

単独反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
453
Q

net reaction result

A

正味の反応結果

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
454
Q

equilibrium constant

A

平衡定数

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
455
Q

directly proporptional

A

正比例

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
456
Q

excess

A

過剰

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
457
Q

none

A

皆無

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
458
Q

logarithm

A

対数

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
459
Q

collision frequency

A

衝突頻度

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
460
Q

single substrate

A

単一基質(たんいつきしつ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
461
Q

transcription factor

A

転写調節因子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
462
Q

assembly, meeting, association

A

会合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
463
Q

dissociation

A

解離

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
464
Q

bond energy

A

結合エネルギー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
465
Q

association rate

A

会合速度

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
466
Q

dissociation rate

A

解離速度

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
467
Q

assiciation rate constant

A

会合の速度定数

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
468
Q

dissociation rate constant

A

解離の速度定数

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
469
Q

reaction rate constant

A

反応速度定数

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
470
Q

concentration

A

濃度

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
471
Q

direct coupling

A

直接共役

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
472
Q

continuous reaction

A

連続反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
473
Q

fast

A

迅速

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
474
Q

diffusion

A

拡散

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
475
Q

random walk

A

ランダム歩行

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
476
Q

fluorescent dye

A

蛍光色素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
477
Q

labeled molecule

A

標識分子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
478
Q

non-covalent interaction

A

非共有相互作用

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
479
Q

thermal motion

A

熱運動

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
480
Q

keep in mind

A

留意

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
481
Q

biosynthesis

A

生合成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
482
Q

store

A

貯蔵

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
483
Q

activated carrier

A

活性運搬体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
484
Q

pay a price

A

対価を払う

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
485
Q

metastasis or travel to elsewhere/infiltrate

A

転移/浸潤

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
486
Q

useful

A

有用

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
487
Q

waste, consume

A

浪費

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
488
Q

supply

A

供給

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
489
Q

dynamic

A

動的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
490
Q

muscle tissue

A

筋組織

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
491
Q

shrinkage

A

収縮

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
492
Q

fermentation process

A

発酵過程

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
493
Q

lactic acid

A

乳酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
494
Q

glycogen

A

グリコゲン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
495
Q

muscle relaxation

A

筋弛緩(きんしかん)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
496
Q

oxidative decomposition

A

酸化的分解

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
497
Q

circulatory

A

循環的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
498
Q

muscle contraction

A

筋収縮

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
499
Q

creatine

A

クレアチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
500
Q

phosphorylation

A

リン酸化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
501
Q

mediate

A

仲介

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
502
Q

core element

A

中核要素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
503
Q

active

A

能動的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
504
Q

axon

A

軸索

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
505
Q

intermediate compound

A

中間化合物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
506
Q

eletron carrier

A

電子運搬体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
507
Q

NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)

A

ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
508
Q

NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)

A

ニコチンアミドジヌクレオチドリン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
509
Q

hydride ion (H-)

A

ヒドリドイオン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
510
Q

receptive molecule

A

受容分子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
511
Q

nicotinamide ring

A

ニコチンアミド環

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
512
Q

electron configuration

A

電子配置

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
513
Q

electron transfer reaction

A

電子伝達反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
514
Q

acetyl CoA

A

アセチルCoA (アセチル補酵素A)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
515
Q

hydrocarbon chain

A

炭化水素鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
516
Q

ribozyme

A

リボザイム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
517
Q

biotin

A

ビオチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
518
Q

bipolymer

A

生体高分子…生物が合成する巨大分子の総称

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
519
Q

configuration unit or monomer

A

構成単位 or 単量体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
520
Q

macromolecule

A

高分子,巨大分子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
521
Q

final product

A

最終生成物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
522
Q

pyrophosphoric acid (PPi)

A

ピロリン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
523
Q

algae

A

藻類

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
524
Q

encounter

A

遭遇

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
525
Q

chemical conversion

A

化学変換

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
526
Q

construction

A

構築

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
527
Q

transporter

A

輸送体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
528
Q

antibody

A

抗体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
529
Q

toxin

A

毒素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
530
Q

hormone

A

ホルモン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
531
Q

elastic fiber

A

弾性繊維

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
532
Q

potential transfer

A

電位伝達

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
533
Q

alcohol dehydrogenase

A

アルコール脱水素酵素、
アルコールデヒドロゲナーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
534
Q

cultured cells

A

培養細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
535
Q

refinement

A

精製

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
536
Q

delicate

A

精巧

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
537
Q

peptide bond

A

ペプチド結合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
538
Q

polypeptide

A

ポリペプチド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
539
Q

polypeptide chain

A

ポリペプチド鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
540
Q

amino acid sequence

A

アミノ酸配列

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
541
Q

polypeptide backbone

A

ポリペプチド主鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
542
Q

repeated sequence

A

反復配列

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
543
Q

characteristic

A

特性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
544
Q

mesh structure or network

A

網目構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
545
Q

conformation

A

立体構造(コンホメーション)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
546
Q

separation and refinement

A

分離精製

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
547
Q

denature

A

変性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
548
Q

solvent

A

溶媒

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
549
Q

protein regeneration

A

タンパク質再生

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
550
Q

chaperone protein

A

シャペロンタンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
551
Q

house or store

A

格納

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
552
Q

aggregates (a whole made by several elements)

A

凝集体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
553
Q

isolated container

A

隔離容器

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
554
Q

fibrous

A

線維状

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
555
Q

sheet

A

シート

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
556
Q

wire

A

針金

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
557
Q

space filling model

A

空間充填模型(空間じゅうてん模型)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
558
Q

alpha-helix

A

αヘリックス

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
559
Q

beta-sheet

A

βシート

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
560
Q

universal

A

普遍的(ふへんてき)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
561
Q

skin

A

皮膚

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
562
Q

hair

A

毛髪

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
563
Q

alpha-keratin

A

αケラチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
564
Q

antiparallel

A

逆平行

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
565
Q

lipid bilayer

A

脂質二重層

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
566
Q

cylindrical structure

A

円筒構造(えんとう)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
567
Q

region or domain

A

領域

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
568
Q

transmembrane protein

A

膜貫通タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
569
Q

coiled-coil

A

より合わせコイル

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
570
Q

aqueous

A

水性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
571
Q

outermost layer

A

最外層

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
572
Q

myosin

A

ミオシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
573
Q

parallel

A

並列

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
574
Q

parallel beta-sheet

A

平行βシート

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
575
Q

antiparallel beta-sheet

A

逆平行βシート

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
576
Q

folded structure

A

ひだ状構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
577
Q

amyloid structure

A

アミロイド構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
578
Q

basics

A

基礎

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
579
Q

huntington’s disease

A

ハンチントン病

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
580
Q

neurodegenerative disease

A

神経変性疾患

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
581
Q

bovine spongiform encephalopathy

A

牛海綿状脳症(かいめんじょうのうしょう)(BSE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
582
Q

creutzfedt-jakob disease

A

クロイツフェルト・ヤコブ病(CJD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
583
Q

infectious neudegenerative disease

A

伝染性神経変性疾患

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
584
Q

prion

A

プリオン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
585
Q

primary structure

A

一次構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
586
Q

secondary structure

A

二次構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
587
Q

tertiary structure

A

3次構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
588
Q

quaternary structure

A

四次構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
589
Q

function

A

機能

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
590
Q

hierarchical structure

A

階層構造

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
591
Q

protein domain

A

タンパク質ドメイン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
592
Q

gene

A

遺伝子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
593
Q

myoglobin

A

ミオグロビン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
594
Q

intrinsically disordered sequence…An intrinsically disordered protein is a protein that lacks a fixed or ordered three-dimensional structure, typically in the absence of its macromolecular interaction partners, such as other proteins or RNA.

A

天然変性配列

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
595
Q

blood clotting

A

血液凝固

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
596
Q

binding site

A

結合部位

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
597
Q

subunit

A

サブユニット

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
598
Q

dyad…二個のサブユニットから出来る複合体

A

二量体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
599
Q

symmetric

A

対称

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
600
Q

complex

A

複合体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
601
Q

hemoglobin

A

ヘモグロビン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
602
Q

alpha/beta globin subunit

A

α/βグロビンサブユニット

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
603
Q

heme

A

ヘム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
604
Q

actin filament

A

アクチンフィラメント

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
605
Q

particle

A

粒子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
606
Q

protein coat

A

タンパク質外被

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
607
Q

ribosome

A

リボソーム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
608
Q

isolation and purification

A

単離精製

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
609
Q

globular protein

A

球状タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
610
Q

fibrous protein

A

線維状タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
611
Q

mechanical strength

A

機械的強度

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
612
Q

intermediate filament

A

中間径フィラメント

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
613
Q

extracellular matrix

A

細胞外マトリックス

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
614
Q

collagen

A

コラーゲン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
615
Q

collagen fibril

A

コラーゲン原線維

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
616
Q

elastin

A

エラスチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
617
Q

secretion

A

分泌

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
618
Q

bridge

A

架橋

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
619
Q

lysozyme…The key difference between lysozyme and lysosome is that the lysozyme is a proteolytic enzyme found in lysosomes that is capable of breaking proteins in the bacterial cell wall while the lysosome is an organelle found in cells that consists of a large variety digestive enzymes.

A

リゾチーム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
620
Q

antibacterial activity

A

抗菌活性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
621
Q

dynamic process

A

動的過程

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
622
Q

biological defense

A

生体防御

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
623
Q

hexokinase

A

ヘキソキナーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
624
Q

hexokinase

A

ヘキソキナーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
625
Q

specificity

A

特異的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
626
Q

ligand

A

リガンド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
627
Q

infectious factors

A

感染因子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
628
Q

foreign molecule

A

異分子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
629
Q

immune system

A

免疫系

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
630
Q

immunoglobulin protein

A

免疫グロブリンタンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
631
Q

antigen

A

抗原

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
632
Q

variable area

A

可変領域

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
633
Q

diversity

A

多様性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
634
Q

functional groups

A

機能グループ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
635
Q

thrombin

A

トロンビン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
636
Q

reaction product

A

反応産物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
637
Q

metabolic pathway

A

代謝経路

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
638
Q

electrophoresis

A

電気泳動(えいどう)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
639
Q

section, piece

A

切片(せっぺん)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
640
Q

fusion cell

A

融合細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
641
Q

detection sensitivity

A

検出感度

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
642
Q

tumour cell

A

腫瘍細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
643
Q

blood stream

A

血流中

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
644
Q

hydrolase

A

加水分解酵素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
645
Q

nuclease

A

ヌクレアーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
646
Q

protease

A

プロテアーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
647
Q

ligase

A

リガーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
648
Q

isomerase

A

異性化酵素・イソメラーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
649
Q

polymerase

A

ポリメラーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
650
Q

oxidoreductase

A

酸化還元酵素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
651
Q

ATPase

A

ATPアーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
652
Q

turnover number…An enzyme turnover number is defined as the maximal number of molecules of substrate that the enzyme can convert to product per catalytic site per unit of time.

A

代謝回転数

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
653
Q

maximum rate of reaction (Vmax)

A

最大反応速度(Vmax)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
654
Q

substrate concentration, Michealis constant (Km)

A

基質濃度, ミカエリス定数(Km)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
655
Q

saliva

A

唾液

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
656
Q

osmotic pressure

A

浸透圧

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
657
Q

rupture

A

破裂

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
658
Q

lyse

A

溶解

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
659
Q

transition state

A

遷移状態(せんい)化学反応の過程で原系(反応系)から生成系に変換するときに通る最もエネルギーの高い状態のことである。

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
660
Q

distribution state

A

分配状態

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
661
Q

reciprocal

A

逆数

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
662
Q

inhibitor

A

阻害剤

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
663
Q

competitive inhibitor

A

競合阻害剤

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
664
Q

non-competitive inhibitor

A

非競合阻害剤

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
665
Q

template

A

鋳型(いがた)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
666
Q

inhibit

A

阻害

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
667
Q

statin

A

スタチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
668
Q

liver

A

肝臓

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
669
Q

reductase

A

還元酵素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
670
Q

methotrexate

A

メトトレキサート

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
671
Q

control system

A

制御系

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
672
Q

cofactor

A

補因子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
673
Q

photoreceptor

A

光受容体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
674
Q

rhodopsin

A

ロドプシン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
675
Q

retina

A

網膜(もうまく)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
676
Q

rod cells,,,can function in lower light better than the other type of visual photoreceptor, cone cells

A

桿体細胞(かんたい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
677
Q

photosensitive protein

A

光感受性タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
678
Q

retinal

A

レチナール

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
679
Q

iron

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
680
Q

reversible

A

可逆的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
681
Q

metal atom

A

金属原子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
682
Q

zinc

A

亜鉛

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
683
Q

coenzyme

A

補酵素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
684
Q

biotin

A

ビオチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
685
Q

depletion

A

枯渇 (こかつ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
686
Q

intracellular compartment

A

細胞内区画

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
687
Q

regulatory site

A

調節部位

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
688
Q

feedback inhibition

A

フィードバック阻害

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
689
Q

reaction system

A

反応系

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
690
Q

intersection

A

x軸の交点

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
691
Q

negative control

A

負の制御

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
692
Q

positive control

A

正の制御

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
693
Q

hinder

A

妨げる

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
694
Q

allosteric enzyme

A

アロステリック酵素

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
695
Q

conformational change

A

コンフォメーション変化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
696
Q

ups and downs

A

起伏(きふく)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
697
Q

protein phosphorylation

A

タンパク質のリン酸化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
698
Q

protein kinase

A

タンパク質キナーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
699
Q

dephosphorylation reaction

A

脱リン酸化反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
700
Q

protein phosphatase

A

タンパク質ホスファターゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
701
Q

promote

A

促進

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
702
Q

balance

A

均衡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
703
Q

modification

A

修飾(しゅうしょく)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
704
Q

receptor tyrosine kinase

A

受容体チロシンキナーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
705
Q

autophosphorylation

A

自己リン酸化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
706
Q

behavior

A

振る舞い

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
707
Q

cell response

A

細胞応答

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
708
Q

damage

A

損傷

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
709
Q

stability

A

安定性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
710
Q

set

A

一式

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
711
Q

GTP-binding protein

A

GTP結合タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
712
Q

GTP (guanosine triphosphate)

A

グアノシン三リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
713
Q

inactive

A

不活性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
714
Q

signal transduction pathway

A

シグナル伝達経路

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
715
Q

mitosis

A

有糸分裂(ゆうし)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
716
Q

irreversible

A

不可逆

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
717
Q

in vitro

A

試験管内

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
718
Q

DNA replication

A

DNAの複製

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
719
Q

gene transcription

A

遺伝子の転写

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
720
Q

budding of vesicle

A

小胞の出芽

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
721
Q

through

A

介する

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
722
Q

protein machine

A

タンパク質装置

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
723
Q

dna double strand

A

二本鎖DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
724
Q

regulatory ligand

A

調節リガンド

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
725
Q

DNA repair

A

DNA修復

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
726
Q

scaffold protein

A

足場タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
727
Q

flexibility

A

柔軟性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
728
Q

signal transduction

A

情報伝達

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
729
Q

fraction

A

分画

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
730
Q

interphase

A

間期

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
731
Q

cytopasmic granules

A

細胞質顆粒(かりゅう)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
732
Q

intracellular condensate

A

 細胞内凝縮体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
733
Q

dropletq

A

液滴

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
734
Q

phase separation…Phase separation is the creation of two distinct phases from a single homogeneous mixture. The most common type of phase separation is between two immiscible liquids such as oil and water.

A

相分離

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
735
Q

accumulate

A

集積

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
736
Q

isolate

A

単離

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
737
Q

pure

A

純粋

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
738
Q

summary

A

概略

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
739
Q

cell homogenate or cell extract

A

細胞ホモジェネート or 細胞抽出液

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
740
Q

suspension

A

懸濁液

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
741
Q

soluble

A

可溶

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
742
Q

chromatography

A

クロマトグラフィー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
743
Q

fraction

A

画分(がぶん)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
744
Q

affinity chromatography

A

アフィニティークロマトグラフィー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
745
Q

carrier

A

担体(たんたい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
746
Q

column

A

カラム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
747
Q

wash

A

洗浄液

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
748
Q

elute

A

溶出

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
749
Q

elctrophoresis

A

電気泳動

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
750
Q

electric field

A

電場 (でんじょう)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
751
Q

protease

A

プロテアーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
752
Q

insulin

A

インスリン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
753
Q

mass spectrometry

A

質量分析法

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
754
Q

tandem mass spectrometry

A

タンデム質量分析法

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
755
Q

X-ray crystallography

A

X線結晶構造解析

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
756
Q

nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometry

A

核磁気共鳴分光法

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
757
Q

cryoelectron mircoscopy

A

低温電子顕微鏡

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
758
Q

genetic engineering technique

A

遺伝子操作技術

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
759
Q

human growth hormone

A

ヒト成長ホルモン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
760
Q

in vitro fertilization

A

体外受精

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
761
Q

ovulation

A

排卵

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
762
Q

fertility drug/ovulation inducing agent

A

排卵誘発剤

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
763
Q

menopause

A

閉経・更年期

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
764
Q

waste

A

廃棄物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
765
Q

high pressure

A

高圧

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
766
Q

centrifugal method

A

遠心分離法

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
767
Q

velocity sedimentation method

A

速度沈降法

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
768
Q

float

A

浮遊

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
769
Q

slope

A

勾配(こうばい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
770
Q

column chromatography

A

カラムクロマトグラフィー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
771
Q

solid filler

A

固体充填剤(じゅうてんざい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
772
Q

ion exchange chromatography

A

イオン交換クロマトグラフィー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
773
Q

gel filteration chromatography

A

ゲル濾過クロマトグラフィー(ろか)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
774
Q

affinity chromatography

A

アフィニティークロマトグラフィー

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
775
Q

lots of pores

A

多孔性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
776
Q

sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)

A

ドデシル硫酸(りゅうさん)ナトリウム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
777
Q

SDS PAGE (SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)

A

SDSポリアクリルアミドゲル電気泳動

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
778
Q

isoelectric point

A

等電点

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
779
Q

anode

A

陽極・アノード

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
780
Q

cathode

A

陰極・カソード

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
781
Q

germ cells

A

生殖細胞

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
782
Q

cell division

A

細胞分裂

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
783
Q

complementary base formation

A

相補的塩基対形成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
784
Q

code

A

暗号(コード)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
785
Q

genetic code

A

遺伝暗号

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
786
Q

genetic expression

A

遺伝子発現

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
787
Q

gamete

A

配偶子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
788
Q

mature RBCs

A

成熟赤血球

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
789
Q

homologous chromosome

A

相同染色体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
790
Q

pair

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
791
Q

sex-chromosome pair

A

性染色体対

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
792
Q

human genome

A

ヒトゲノム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
793
Q

correlation

A

相関関係

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
794
Q

selection pressure

A

選択圧

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
795
Q

genetic events

A

遺伝事象

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
796
Q

chromosome #

A

第#染色体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
797
Q

translocation

A

転座

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
798
Q

definition

A

定義

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
799
Q

karyotype

A

核型

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
800
Q

heriditary disease

A

遺伝性疾患

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
801
Q

origin

A

由来

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
802
Q

related species

A

近縁種

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
803
Q

replication origin

A

複製起点

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
804
Q

telomere

A

テロメア

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
805
Q

centromere

A

セントロメア

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
806
Q

mitotic chromosome

A

分裂期染色体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
807
Q

spindle

A

紡錘体(ぼうすい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
808
Q

nuclear lamina

A

核ラミナ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
809
Q

local

A

局所的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
810
Q

nonhistone chromosomal protein

A

非ヒストン染色体タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
811
Q

nucleosome

A

ヌクレオソーム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
812
Q

nucleosome core particle

A

ヌクレオソーム・コア粒子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
813
Q

linker DNA

A

リンカーDNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
814
Q

histone octomer

A

ヒストン八量体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
815
Q

evolutionary preservation

A

進化的保存性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
816
Q

dependence

A

依存性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
817
Q

chromatin remodelling complex

A

クロマチン再構成複合体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
818
Q

covalent modification

A

共有結合修飾

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
819
Q

cooperation

A

協調

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
820
Q

relaxation

A

弛緩(しかん)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
821
Q

heterochromatin

A

へトロクロマチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
822
Q

euchromatin

A

ユークロマチン

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
823
Q

adjacent

A

隣接

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
824
Q

accidental

A

偶発的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
825
Q

deletion

A

欠失

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
826
Q

anemia

A

貧血症

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
827
Q

silencing

A

サイレンシング

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
828
Q

remarkable

A

顕著

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
829
Q

female

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
830
Q

male

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
831
Q

lethal

A

致死的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
832
Q

semi-permanent

A

半永久的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
833
Q

transformation。。。細胞外部からDNAを導入し、その遺伝的性質を変えること、またその操作を意味する。

A

形質転換

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
834
Q

complementary strand

A

相補鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
835
Q

by chance

A

偶然

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
836
Q

resistance to antibiotic and shit

A

耐性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
837
Q

individual difference

A

個人差 or 個体差

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
838
Q

semiconcervative

A

半保存的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
839
Q

boil

A

沸騰

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
840
Q

initiator protein

A

開始タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
841
Q

replication fork

A

複製フォーク

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
842
Q

cesium

A

セシウム

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
843
Q

scattered

A

分散的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
844
Q

conserved

A

保存的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
845
Q

replication apparatus

A

複製装置

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
846
Q

daughter chain

A

娘鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
847
Q

bidirectional

A

両方向性

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
848
Q

dna polymerase

A

DNAポリメラーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
849
Q

deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate

A

デオキシリボヌクレオシド三リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
850
Q

polymerization reaction

A

重合反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
851
Q

supply source

A

供給源

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
852
Q

pyrophosphoric acid

A

ピロリン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
853
Q

inorganic phosphate

A

無機リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
854
Q

discontinuous

A

不連続

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
855
Q

piece

A

断片

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
856
Q

okazaki fragments

A

岡崎フラグメント

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
857
Q

lagging strand

A

ラギング鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
858
Q

leading strand

A

リーディング鎖

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
859
Q

restrict

A

制約

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
860
Q

proofreading

A

校正

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
861
Q

correction

A

訂正

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
862
Q

inevitable

A

必然的

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
863
Q

RNA primer

A

プライマーRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
864
Q

primase

A

プライマーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
865
Q

RNA polymerase

A

RNAポリメラーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
866
Q

DNA polymerase I

A

修復ポリメラーゼ or DNAぽポリメラーゼI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
867
Q

DNA helicase

A

DNAヘリカーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
868
Q

single-stranded DNA binding proteins… prevents reannealing of during DNA replication

A

一本鎖DNA結合タンパク質

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
869
Q

DNA topoisomerase

A

DNAトポイソメラーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
870
Q

sliding clamp (DNA複製中、DNAポリメラーゼがDNAから離れずに移動できる様にする)

A

滑る留め金、スライディンググランプ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
871
Q

telomerase

A

テロメラーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
872
Q

replacement

A

置換(ちかん)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
873
Q

double strand break

A

二本鎖切断

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
874
Q

inner wall

A

内壁

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
875
Q

bone marrow

A

骨髄

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
876
Q

ultraviolet

A

紫外線

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
877
Q

depurination

A

脱プリン反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
878
Q

deamination

A

脱アミノ反応

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
879
Q

thymine dimer

A

チミン二量体

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
880
Q

metabolic by-products

A

代謝副産物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
881
Q

nick

A

ニック

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
882
Q

mismatch repair system

A

誤対合修復系、DNAミスマッチ修復。。。ミスマッチ修復機構とは、DNAを複製(コピー)する時に生じた、塩基のミスマッチ(間違った対合や塩基の誤挿入、欠失など)を修正するDNA修復機構の1つです。The process can be divided into four main steps: (1) Recognition of a mismatch by the MSHs, (2) recruitment of the MLHs by ATP-bound MSHs that then connect the mismatch recognition signal to the distant DNA strand scission where excision begins, (3) excision of the DNA strand containing the wrong nucleotide and (4) resynthesis of the excision gap by the replicative DNA polymerase using the remaining DNA strand as a template. This latter step appears virtually identical to normal replicative DNA synthesis and will not be discussed in detail here.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
883
Q

methylation

A

メチル化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
884
Q

nonhomologous end joining

A

非相同末端連結…DNA二重鎖切断のDNA修復メカニズムの一つである。DNA末端を直接繋ぎ合わせるため、相同組換えと異なり姉妹染色分体を必要とせず、すべての細胞周期内において機能する一方、DNA末端の接合部において変異が起こりやすい

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
885
Q

homologous recombination

A

相同組換え

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
886
Q

meiosis

A

減数分裂

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
887
Q

versitality

A

汎用性(はんようせい)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
888
Q

effect, impact

A

影響

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
889
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

鎌状赤血球貧血症

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
890
Q

precipitate

A

沈殿

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
891
Q

resistance

A

抵抗

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
892
Q

germline…In biology and genetics, the germline is the population of a multicellular organism’s cells that pass on their genetic material to the progeny. In other words, they are the cells that form the egg, sperm and the fertilized egg

A

生殖細胞系列

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
893
Q

control

A

統制

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
894
Q

in contrast

A

対照的に

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
895
Q

central dogma

A

セントラルドグマ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
896
Q

RNA splicing

A

RNAスプライシング

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
897
Q

transcriptional product

A

転写産物

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
898
Q

gene expression

A

遺伝子発現

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
899
Q

messenger RNA

A

メッセンジャーRNA(mRNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
900
Q

transfer RNA

A

運搬RNA(tRNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
901
Q

micro RNA

A

マイクロRNA(miRNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
902
Q

transcription initiation site

A

転写開始部位

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
903
Q

promoter

A

プロモーター

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
904
Q

terminator (termination signal)

A

ターミネーター(終結シグナル)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
905
Q

sigma factor

A

シグマ因子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
906
Q

general transcription factor

A

基本転写因子

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
907
Q

regulatory DNA

A

調節DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
908
Q

TATA box

A

TATA ボックス

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
909
Q

upstream

A

上流

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
910
Q

assembly

A

会合

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
911
Q

protein kinase

A

タンパク質キナーゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
912
Q

protein phosphatase

A

タンパク質ホスファターゼ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
913
Q

dephosphorylation

A

脱リン酸

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
914
Q

RNA processing

A

RNAプロセシング

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
915
Q

RNA capping

A

RNAキャップ形成

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
916
Q

polyadenylation

A

ポリアデニル化

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
917
Q

poly A-tail

A

ポリA尾部

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
918
Q

exon

A

エキソン(発現配列)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
919
Q

intron

A

イントロン(介在配列)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
920
Q

RNA splicing

A

RNAスプライシング

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
921
Q

precursor mRNA

A

mRNA前駆体

922
Q

small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

A

核内低分子RNA

923
Q

small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP)…mainly function as core components of the spliceosome, the molecular machinery for pre-mRNA splicing.

A

核内低分子リボ核タンパク質

924
Q

ribozyme

A

リボザイム

925
Q

spliceosome

A

スプライソソーム…スプライセオソームまたはスプライソソーム(英: Spliceosome)はタンパク質とRNAの複合体で、転写されたmRNA前駆体からイントロンを取り除いて成熟RNAにする機能を持つ。

926
Q

alternative splicing

A

選択的スプライシング

927
Q

intracellular aggregates

A

細胞内凝集体

928
Q

mature RNA

A

成熟RNA

929
Q

nucleoplasm

A

核質

930
Q

nuclear pore complex

A

核膜孔複合体

931
Q

poly A binding protein

A

ポリA結合タンパク質

932
Q

cap-binding complex

A

キャッ結合複合体

933
Q

ribonuclease

A

リボヌクレアーゼ(RNあーぜ)

934
Q

exon junction complex..a protein complex which forms on a pre-messenger RNA strand at the junction of two exons which have been joined together during RNA splicing.

A

エキソン接合部複合体

935
Q

untranslated region

A

非翻訳領域

936
Q

content

A

含有量(がんゆうりょう)

937
Q

codon

A

コドン

938
Q

reading frame

A

読み枠

939
Q

intervene

A

介在

940
Q

transfer RNA

A

運搬RNA

941
Q

anticodon

A

アンチコドン

942
Q

wobble

A

揺らぎ

943
Q

fill

A

充填

944
Q

aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

A

アミノアシルt RNA合成酵素

945
Q

large subunit, small subunit

A

大、小サブユニット

946
Q

A, P, E site

A

A, P, E, 部位

947
Q

one round

A

一巡

948
Q

stop codon

A

終止コドン

949
Q

ribosomal protein

A

リボソームタンパク質

950
Q

tolerate

A

許容する

951
Q

peptidyl transferase

A

ペプチジル基転移酵素

952
Q

catalyst activation

A

触媒活性

953
Q

initiator tRNA

A

開始tRNA

954
Q

formylmethionine

A

ホルミルメチオニン

955
Q

translation initiation factor

A

翻訳開始因子

956
Q

polycystronic

A

ポリシストロニック

957
Q

termination factor

A

終結因子

958
Q

polyribosome

A

ポリリボソーム

959
Q

constituent amino acids

A

構成アミノ酸

960
Q

proteolysis

A

タンパク質分解

961
Q

a matter of life or death

A

死活問題

962
Q

proteasome

A

プロテアソーム

963
Q

ubiquitin

A

ユビキチン

964
Q

polyubiquitin

A

ポリユビキチン

965
Q

chaperon protein

A

シャペロンタンパク質

966
Q

post translational modification

A

翻訳後修飾

967
Q

autocatalysis

A

自己触媒

968
Q

existing cells

A

現存細胞

969
Q

formaldehyde

A

ホルムアルデヒド

970
Q

detect

A

検出

971
Q

function

A

機能

972
Q

obligation

A

責務

973
Q

information processing

A

情報処理

974
Q

detoxification

A

無害化

975
Q

hepatic cells

A

肝細胞

976
Q

differentiation

A

分化

977
Q

pancreas

A

膵臓

978
Q

glucagon

A

グルカゴン

979
Q

B lymphocytes

A

Bリンパ球

980
Q

neuron

A

ニューロン

981
Q

WBC, leukocyte

A

白血球

982
Q

pancreatic beta cells

A

膵臓b細胞

983
Q

focus

A

焦点

984
Q

interconnection

A

相互結合

985
Q

composition

A

組成(そせい)

986
Q

housekeeping protein

A

ハウスキーピングタンパク質

986
Q

housekeeping protein

A

ハウスキーピングタンパク質

987
Q

glycolysis

A

解糖

988
Q

comprehensive

A

包括的

989
Q

relative to something

A

相対的

990
Q

cortisol

A

コルチゾール

991
Q

starvation

A

飢餓

992
Q

adrenal gland

A

副腎

993
Q

transcriptpion regulator

A

転写調節因子

994
Q

general transcription factor

A

転写基本因子

995
Q

regulatory DNA

A

調節DNA

996
Q

major groove

A

主溝

997
Q

E coli

A

大腸菌

998
Q

operon

A

オペロン

999
Q

suppression

A

抑制

1000
Q

trp operon

A

トリプトファンオペロン(trpオペロン)

1001
Q

tryptophan repressor

A

トリプトファンリプレッサー

1002
Q

allosteric protein

A

アロステリックタンパク質

1003
Q

feedback inhibition

A

フィードバック阻害

1004
Q

transcriptional repressor

A

転写抑制因子(リプレッサー)

1005
Q

transcriptional activator

A

転写活性化因子(アクチベーター)

1006
Q

lac operon

A

lacオペロン

1007
Q

lac repressor

A

lacリプレッサー

1008
Q

enhancer

A

エンハンサー

1009
Q

mediator

A

介在因子

1010
Q

transcription initiation complex

A

転写開始複合体

1011
Q

base

A

基部

1012
Q

environment

A

環境

1013
Q

cell memory

A

細胞記憶

1014
Q

cell type

A

細胞型

1015
Q

combinatorial control

A

組み合わせによる調節

1016
Q

combinatorial control

A

組み合わせによる調節

1017
Q

response gene

A

応答遺伝子

1018
Q

skeletal muscle cell

A

骨格筋細胞

1019
Q

receptor

A

受容体

1020
Q

nerve stimulation

A

神経刺激

1021
Q

undifferentiated cells

A

未分化細胞

1022
Q

flexibility

A

融通性(ゆうずうせい)

1023
Q

embryonic stem cells

A

胚性幹(ES)細胞

1024
Q

pluripotency

A

多能性

1025
Q

organ

A

器官

1026
Q

orderly

A

整然

1027
Q

fibroblasts

A

線維芽細胞

1028
Q

artificial

A

人為的

1029
Q

reprogram

A

再プログラム

1030
Q

dedifferentiation

A

脱分化

1031
Q

induced pluripotent stem cells

A

人工多能性幹(ips)細胞

1032
Q

behavior

A

挙動

1033
Q

relative

A

相対的

1034
Q

independence

A

独自性

1035
Q

terminal differentiation

A

最終分化

1036
Q

smooth muscle cells

A

平滑筋細胞

1037
Q

positive feedback loop

A

正のフィードバックループ

1038
Q

DNA methylation

A

DNAメチル化

1039
Q

histone modification

A

ヒストンの修飾

1040
Q

epigenetic inheritance

A

エピジェネティックな遺伝

1041
Q

transient… lasts only a short period of time

A

一過性

1042
Q

dysfunction

A

機能不全

1043
Q

post-transcriptional control

A

転写後調節

1044
Q

frequency

A

頻度

1045
Q

noncoding region

A

非翻訳領域

1046
Q

noncoding RNA

A

非翻訳RNA

1047
Q

regulatory RNA

A

調節RNA

1048
Q

RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)…タンパク質複合体、リボヌクレオタンパク質であり、転写や翻訳段階においてさまざまな経路を介して遺伝子サイレンシングを行う機能を持つ。RISCはmiRNAなどの一本鎖RNA断片や二本鎖のsiRNAを利用して、遺伝子調節の重要なツールとして機能する。RNAの一本鎖はRISCが相補的なmRNA転写産物を認識する際の鋳型として機能し、相補的なmRNAが見つかると、RISCを構成するタンパク質の1つであるArgonauteがmRNAを切断する。この過程はRNA干渉(RNAi)と呼ばれ、多くの真核生物でみられる。RNAiは二本鎖RNA(dsRNA)の存在によって開始されるため、ウイルス感染に対する防御の重要な過程として機能する。

A

RNA誘導サイレンシング複合体

1049
Q

small interfering RNA (siRNA)

A

低分子干渉RNA。。。
相補的な配列をもつmRNAを標的として結合し標的遺伝子の発現を抑制する機能をもつ、長さ20塩基程度の小さな2本鎖RNA。siRNA(small interfering RNA)。

1050
Q

RNA interference (RNAi)

A

RNA干渉

1051
Q

RNA induced transcriptional silencing

A

RITS(RNA誘導による転写サイレンシング)

1052
Q

dicer

A

ダイサー…Dicerは一般に複数のドメインからなるRNase III型酵素として分類され,二本鎖RNA前駆体を21塩基対からなる短い二本鎖RNAへと切断する. この短い二本鎖RNAは最終的にRNAサイレンシングによる遺伝子発現制御を行う

1053
Q

transposon

A

転移因子

1054
Q

nematode…Nematode parasites of animals occur in almost all organs of the body, but the most common sites are in the alimentary, circulatory, and respiratory systems.

A

線虫

1055
Q

acquired immune response

A

獲得免疫応答

1056
Q

pathogen

A

病原体

1057
Q

trigger something

A

誘発

1058
Q

long noncoding RNA

A

長鎖非翻訳(ノンコーディング)RNA

1059
Q

genetic variation

A

遺伝子変動

1060
Q

intragenic mutation

A

遺伝子内変異

1061
Q

deletion

A

欠失

1062
Q

repeat

A

重複

1063
Q

genetic duplication and divergence

A

遺伝子の重複と分岐

1064
Q

fusion gene

A

融合遺伝子

1065
Q

vertical transfer of a gene

A

遺伝子の垂直移行

1066
Q

horizontal gene transfer

A

水平伝播(でんぱ)

1067
Q

asexual reproduction

A

無性生殖

1068
Q

phylogenetic tree…A phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.

A

生殖系列

1069
Q

cell liniage…Cell lineage denotes the developmental history of a tissue or organ from the fertilized embryo

A

細胞系譜(けいふ)

1070
Q

genetic change

A

遺伝子変化

1071
Q

point mutation

A

点変異

1072
Q

standard nutrients

A

標準栄養素

1073
Q

deficiency

A

欠乏

1074
Q

essential nutrients

A

必須栄養素

1075
Q

approximate

A

概算(がいさん)

1076
Q

suggest

A

示唆(しさ

1077
Q

apperance

A

見かけ

1078
Q

growth ability

A

生育能

1079
Q

neutral mutation…Neutral mutations are changes in DNA sequence that are neither beneficial nor detrimental to the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce.

A

中立変異

1080
Q

protozoan

A

原虫

1081
Q

cell surface receptor

A

細胞表面受容体

1082
Q

lactase

A

ラクターゼ

1083
Q

lactose intolerance

A

乳糖不耐性

1084
Q

accidental

A

偶発的

1085
Q

mutant

A

変異体

1086
Q

adaptation

A

適応

1087
Q

interspecies

A

種間

1088
Q

execution

A

遂行

1089
Q

gene family

A

遺伝子ファミリー

1090
Q

bacillus subtilis

A

枯草菌(こそうきん)

1091
Q

related genes

A

類縁遺伝子

1092
Q

primordial gene

A

始原遺伝子。。。精子や卵子のもととなる細胞のことを始原生殖細胞といいます。

1093
Q

homologous recombination

A

相同組換え

1094
Q

fusion chromosome

A

融合染色体

1095
Q

crossover

A

交差

1096
Q

uneven

A

不均等

1097
Q

unequal crossing over (crossover)

A

不等交差…細胞の減数分裂時に染色体間で乗り換えが起きるときに、もとと同じ染色体ができず多重になった部分と欠失を持つ染色体が別々に生じる現象。

1098
Q

accumulate

A

蓄積

1099
Q

beta-like globin gene

A

β様グロビン遺伝子

1100
Q

fetus

A

胎児

1101
Q

pseudogene

A

偽遺伝子

1102
Q

sterility…the inability to produce a biological child, while infertility is the inability to conceive after a certain period. Sterility is rarely discussed in clinical literature and is often used synonymously with infertility.

A

不稔性

1103
Q

exon shuffling

A

エキソンシャフリング

1104
Q

universal type

A

万能性

1105
Q

insertion mutation

A

挿入変異

1106
Q

remarkable

A

顕著

1107
Q

hemophilia

A

血友病

1108
Q

scattered

A

散在

1109
Q

drug resistant bacteria

A

薬剤耐性菌

1110
Q

antibiotic resistance

A

抗生物質耐性

1111
Q

efficacy

A

効力

1112
Q

gonorheae

A

淋病

1113
Q

homologous gene

A

相同遺伝子

1114
Q

geneology or pedigree

A

系譜

1115
Q

status

A

地位

1116
Q

advantageous

A

有利

1117
Q

selective

A

選択的

1118
Q

conservation

A

保存性

1119
Q

selective pressure

A

選択圧

1120
Q

constraint or limit

A

制約

1121
Q

phylogenic tree

A

系統樹…生物の進化の流れを一本の樹木に見立てて描いた図。

1122
Q

primates

A

霊長類

1123
Q

conserved synteny…Shared synteny (also known as conserved synteny) describes preserved co-localization of genes on chromosomes of different species.

A

シンテニーの保存

1124
Q

purifying selection

A

純化選択

1125
Q

comparative genome analysis

A

比較ゲノム解析

1126
Q

on the other hand

A

他方

1127
Q

imbalance

A

不均衡(ふきんこう)

1128
Q

apes

A

類人猿

1129
Q

archea…any of a group of single-celled prokaryotic organisms (that is, organisms whose cells lack a defined nucleus) that have distinct molecular characteristics separating them from bacteria (the other, more prominent group of prokaryotes) as well as from eukaryotes (organisms, including plants and animals, whose cells contain a defined nucleus).

A

アーキア

1130
Q

domain

A

ドメイン

1131
Q

parasitic gene

A

寄生遺伝子

1132
Q

infestation

A

まん延

1133
Q

transposon

A

動く遺伝子またはトランスポゾン

1134
Q

transposase

A

トランスポザーゼ

1135
Q

identification

A

識別

1136
Q

2groups

A

2群

1137
Q

retrotrasposon

A

レトロトランスポゾン

1138
Q

L1 element

A

L1因子

1139
Q

interspersed repeated sequence…are identical or nearly identical DNA sequences that are scattered throughout the genome, as a result of transposition or retrotransposition events.

A

散在反復配列

1140
Q

reverse transcriptase

A

逆転写酵素

1141
Q

transfer ability

A

転移能

1142
Q

germline

A

生殖系

1143
Q

blood coagulation

A

血液凝固

1144
Q

separate

A

離脱

1145
Q

deadly

A

致命的

1146
Q

rash

A

発疹

1147
Q

chickenpox

A

水痘

1148
Q

retrovirus

A

レトロウイルス

1149
Q

integrase

A

インテグラーぜ

1150
Q

incubate… disease incubation periodのやつ

A

潜伏

1151
Q

provirus

A

プロウイルス

1152
Q

envelope protein

A

エンベロープタンパク質

1153
Q

human immunodeficiency virus

A

ヒト免疫不全ウイルス

1154
Q

autosome

A

常染色体

1155
Q

decoding

A

解読

1156
Q

base arrangement determination

A

塩基配列決定

1157
Q

settlement

A

定着

1158
Q

multicellular organisms

A

多細胞生物

1159
Q

appropriate amount

A

適量

1160
Q

generally

A

概して

1161
Q

fluctuation

A

変動

1162
Q

raise a question

A

提起

1163
Q

intermittent

A

断続的

1164
Q

feature

A

特色

1165
Q

definition

A

定義

1166
Q

lack

A

欠如(けつじょ)

1167
Q

identification

A

同定

1168
Q

glans penis

A

陰茎亀頭

1169
Q

extinction

A

絶滅

1170
Q

neanderthals

A

ネアンデタール人

1171
Q

North, East, South, West.

A

北、東、南、西

1172
Q

brain development

A

脳発生

1173
Q

feature

A

特徴

1174
Q

crossbreeding

A

交雑

1175
Q

trace

A

痕跡

1176
Q

identical (or monozygotic) twin

A

一卵性双生児

1177
Q

genetic variation

A

遺伝的変動

1178
Q

single-nucleotide polymorphism

A

一塩基多型

1179
Q

treatment

A

治療

1180
Q

selective breeding

A

選抜育種

1181
Q

DNA cloning

A

DNAクローニング

1182
Q

amplification

A

増幅

1183
Q

restriction enzyme

A

制限酵素

1184
Q

composition

A

組成

1185
Q

sample

A

試料

1186
Q

agarose

A

アガロース

1187
Q

sensitiveness

A

鋭敏(えいびん)

1188
Q

flat plate

A

平板

1189
Q

detection method

A

検出法

1190
Q

pigment

A

色素

1191
Q

vector… an organism, typically a biting insect or tick, that transmits a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another.

A

ベクター

1192
Q

recombinant DNA

A

組換えDNA。。。複数種に由来する遺伝物質を結合することで形成されたDNA分子のことである。

1193
Q

DNA ligase

A

DNAリガーゼ

1194
Q

plasmid

A

プラスミド

1195
Q

cutting site

A

切断部位

1196
Q

ring-opening

A

開環

1197
Q

transformation

A

形質転換…細胞外部からDNAを導入し、その遺伝的性質を変えること、またその操作を意味する。

1198
Q

cell line

A

細胞株

1199
Q

bacterial strain

A

細菌株

1200
Q

coverage

A

網羅。。。残らず取り入れること。余りなく尽くすこと。

1201
Q

DNA library

A

DNAライブラリー

1202
Q

genomic library

A

ゲノムライブラリー

1203
Q

cDNA library

A

cDNAライブラリー

1204
Q

complementary DNA (cDNA)

A

相補的DNA(cDNA)

1205
Q

random sample

A

無作為標本

1206
Q

hybridization

A

ハイブリッド形成….is the process in which two complementary single-stranded DNA and/or RNA molecules bond together to form a double-stranded molecule.

1207
Q

convenient

A

簡便

1208
Q

DNA denaturation

A

DNA変性

1209
Q

DNA probe

A

DNAプローブ

1210
Q

polymerase chain reaction

A

ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応

1211
Q

sensitivity

A

感度

1212
Q

thermophilic bacteria

A

好熱性細菌

1213
Q

forensic medicine

A

法医学

1214
Q

diagnose

A

診断

1215
Q

DNA fingerprint

A

DNA指紋

1216
Q

control sample

A

対照試料

1217
Q

optional

A

任意

1218
Q

dideoxy sequencing or sanger sequencing

A

ジデオキシ法 or サンガー法。。。DNAを合成するとき、その材料となるデオキシリボヌクレオチド(dATP、dTTP、dGTP、dCTP)を使います。鋳型鎖の塩基に対となるデオキシリボヌクレオチド(dATP、dTTP、dGTP、dCTP)が順番に繋げられていき、新しいDNA鎖が合成されます。
(鋳型鎖がAなら、対となる塩基はTなので、dTTPが取り込まれる)4種類のジデオキシリボヌクレオチド(ddATP、ddTTP、ddGTP、ddCTP)も、デオキシリボヌクレオチドと同様に新しいDNA鎖の合成時に取り込まれます。しかし、ジデオキシリボヌクレオチドが取り込まれるとそこで反応がストップします。
では、4種類のデオキシリボヌクレオチド(dATP、dTTP、dGTP、dCTP)とddATPを使って、DNA合成をするとどうなるでしょうか。dATPが取り込まれると、そのまま反応は進みます。ddATPが取り込まれると、反応が止まり、それ以上DNA鎖が伸びません。つまり、この反応で出来たDNA断片の末端はddATPであるということです。この反応で、例えば、10、15塩基の長さのDNAが出来ていれば、反応開始した位置から、10番目と15番目の塩基はアデニンであると分かります。これを、ddATP、ddTTP、ddGTP、ddCTPそれぞれで行ないます。
dATP、dTTP、dGTP、dCTP+ddATPなら、末端はA
dATP、dTTP、dGTP、dCTP+ddTTPなら、末端はT
dATP、dTTP、dGTP、dCTP+ddGTPなら、末端はG
dATP、dTTP、dGTP、dCTP+ddCTPなら、末端はCという具合に。
後はそれぞれの反応物の長さを確認すれば塩基配列が分かる、という仕組みです。
これをジデオキシ法や鎖停止法といいます。(ddNTPが取り込まれると鎖の合成が停止するので)
フレデリック・サンガーと言う人が開発し、改良したので、サンガー法ともいいます。
以前は、ddATP、ddTTP、ddGTP、ddCTPそれぞれ別々に反応をしていたため、1つのサンプルを読むのに、4つの反応を行なっていました。しかし、今ではddATP、ddTTP、ddGTP、ddCTPそれぞれを異なる蛍光標識をしているので、1つの反応で済んでいます。

1219
Q

dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphate

A

ジデオキシリボヌクレオシド三リン酸

1220
Q

capillaries

A

毛細血管

1221
Q

high speed

A

高速化

1222
Q

low priced

A

低価格化

1223
Q

diversity

A

多様性

1224
Q

list

A

目録

1225
Q

autism

A

自閉症

1226
Q

detail

A

細部

1227
Q

neighbourhood

A

近傍(きんぼう)

1228
Q

section

A

区画

1229
Q

hole

A

1230
Q

public database

A

公的データベース

1231
Q

physiological function

A

生理機能

1232
Q

transcriptome

A

トランスクリプトーむ…細胞内の全DNAの塩基配列情報をさす「ゲノム」に対し、細胞内の全転写産物(全RNA)を「トランスクリプトーム」とよびます。

1233
Q

in situ hybridization

A

in situハイブリッド形成法。。。無傷細胞(intact cells)において、特定の核酸の配列(DNAまたはRNA)の場所を突きとめる技術。

1234
Q

radioisotopes

A

放射性同位体

1235
Q

development process

A

発生過程

1236
Q

reporter gene

A

レポーター遺伝子。。。トランスフェクション(一般的に真核細胞に、より具体的には動物細胞への核酸の導入を指します)後の遺伝子産物のアッセイを容易にするための遺伝子で、成功的に導入された細胞の選別や遺伝子発現調節の研究のためのマーカーとして、あるいはトランスフェクション効率の標準化のためのコントロールとして使用されます。

1237
Q

green fluorescent protein (GMP)

A

緑色蛍光タンパク質

1238
Q

whereabouts

A

居在(きょざい)

1239
Q

phenotype

A

表現型

1240
Q

involvement

A

関与

1241
Q

process or treatment

A

処理

1242
Q

reverse genetics

A

逆遺伝学

1243
Q

modified gene

A

改変遺伝子

1244
Q

non-target gene

A

非標的遺伝子

1245
Q

deactivation

A

失活(しっかつ)

1246
Q

transgenic organism

A

遺伝子導入生物

1247
Q

genetically modified organism (GMO)

A

遺伝子改変生物

1248
Q

transgene

A

導入遺伝子

1249
Q

gene knockout

A

遺伝子ノックアウト

1250
Q

conditional-knockout mouse

A

条件的ノックアウトマウス

1251
Q

self-defense

A

自衛

1252
Q

dormant

A

休止状態

1253
Q

application

A

応用

1254
Q

fragile X syndrome

A

脆弱X症候群(ぜいじゃく)

1255
Q

neuropsychiatric disorders/behavioral disorders

A

精神神経疾患

1256
Q

fragile X mental retardation gene (FMR1)

A

脆弱(zeizyaku)X精神遅滞遺伝子

1257
Q

synapse

A

シナプス

1258
Q

abnromal behaviour

A

挙動異常

1259
Q

preliminary research

A

予備調査

1260
Q

expression vector

A

発現ベクター

1261
Q

growth factor

A

増殖因子

1262
Q

scattered

A

点在

1263
Q

lamella, membrane

A

薄膜

1264
Q

mechanical

A

力学的

1265
Q

self-repair

A

自己修復

1266
Q

lipid bilayer

A

脂質二重層

1267
Q

phosphatidylcholine

A

ホスファチジルコリン

1268
Q

amphipathic

A

両親媒性

1269
Q

glycolipids

A

糖脂質

1270
Q

hydrocarbon

A

炭化水素

1271
Q

acetone

A

アセトン

1272
Q

regularity, ordered

A

規則性

1273
Q

fat droplet

A

油滴

1274
Q

contrary

A

相反

1275
Q

closed space

A

閉空間

1276
Q

fluid

A

流動体

1277
Q

flexible

A

柔軟

1278
Q

consistency

A

整合性

1279
Q

liposome

A

リポソーム

1280
Q

lateral dispersion

A

側方分散

1281
Q

bending

A

屈曲

1282
Q

long axis

A

長軸

1283
Q

orderly

A

整然

1284
Q

viscosity

A

粘性

1285
Q

liquidity

A

流動性

1286
Q

coarse…rough or harsh in texture

A

粗密

1287
Q

cholesterol

A

コレステロール

1288
Q

rigidity

A

剛直

1289
Q

permeability

A

透過性

1290
Q

scramblase

A

スクランブラーゼ

1291
Q

asymmytry

A

非対称性

1292
Q

interlayer movement

A

層間移動

1293
Q

flippase

A

フリッパーゼ

1294
Q

internal cavity

A

体内腔(たいないくう)

1295
Q

internal cavity

A

体内腔

1296
Q

lumen

A

内腔

1297
Q

inositol phosphate

A

イノシトールリン酸

1298
Q

permeability barrier

A

透過障壁

1299
Q

membrane protein

A

膜タンパク質

1300
Q

cross

A

横断

1301
Q

junction

A

連結体

1302
Q

single layer binding membrane protein

A

単層結合型膜タンパク質

1303
Q

detergent

A

界面活性剤

1304
Q

cell membrane protein/integral membrane protein

A

内在性膜タンパク質

1305
Q

peripheral membrane protein, surface protein

A

表在性膜タンパク質

1306
Q

single-pass transmembrane protein

A

1回膜貫通タンパク質

1307
Q

multipass transmembrane protein

A

複数回膜貫通タンパク質

1308
Q

channel

A

チャネル

1309
Q

beta barrel

A

βバレル

1310
Q

aqueous

A

水性

1311
Q

fatty

A

脂肪性

1312
Q

conical

A

円錐形(えんすいけい)

1313
Q

micelle

A

ミセル

1314
Q

elution

A

溶出

1315
Q

progress

A

進歩

1316
Q

bacteriorhodopsin

A

バクテリオロドプシン

1317
Q

retinal

A

レチナール

1318
Q

absorption

A

吸収

1319
Q

concentration gradient

A

濃度勾配

1320
Q

adhesion

A

付着

1321
Q

cell cortex

A

細胞皮層

1322
Q

spectrin

A

スペクトリン

1323
Q

lattice structre

A

格子構造

1324
Q

flat

A

扁平(へんぺい)

1325
Q

adhesion protein

A

付着タンパク質

1326
Q

anti-spreading

A

拡散防止

1327
Q

blood vessel

A

血管

1328
Q

lateral diffusion

A

側方拡散

1329
Q

membrane domain

A

膜領域

1330
Q

fixed structure

A

固定構造

1331
Q

epithelial cells

A

上皮細胞

1332
Q

intestinal tract

A

腸管

1333
Q

apical surface

A

頂端表面

1334
Q

carry out

A

搬出

1335
Q

basal surface

A

基底表面

1336
Q

tight junction

A

密着結合

1337
Q

covered

A

覆われている

1338
Q

proteoglycan

A

プロテオグリカン

1339
Q

carbohydrate layer

A

糖質層

1340
Q

glycocalyx

A

糖衣、グリコカリックス。。。細菌等の細胞表面を被覆する糖タンパク質や多糖類である。ある種の細菌細胞や上皮細胞などで産生される。細胞表面の更に外側の層を形成する。通常、細胞表面や表層と結合した多糖類並びに、結合していないプロテオグリカン及び糖タンパク質で構成される[1]。魚の表面の粘液もグリコカリックスと考えられている。この語は当初上皮組織の表面の覆いをつくる上皮細胞によって分泌される多糖でできたマトリックスに用いられていた。

1341
Q

cover

A

被覆(ひふく)

1342
Q

lubricant

A

潤滑剤(じゅんかつざい)

1343
Q

lectin

A

レクチン。。。植物性たんぱく質の中でも大きなたんぱく質の総称で、植物が捕食者から身を守ったり攻撃する(相手を弱らせて自分達が食べられないようにする自己防衛システム)のための物質です。

1344
Q

exclusively

A

もっぱら

1345
Q

neutrophils

A

好中球。。。主要な食作用性顆粒球であり、すべての循環白血球の最大60%を占めています(マウスでは約20%)。好中球は、病原体または損傷関連分子パターン(PAMPまたはDAMP)に応答して病原体を貪食します。さらに、好中球は、顆粒を放出し、サイトカインを産生し、感染部位への他の免疫細胞の動員を介することにより、免疫応答を促進します。一方、免疫応答が悪化した場合、好中球は、広範な細胞死、壊死、血管漏出、血栓形成、および抗体を介した自己免疫応答など宿主にかなりの障害を及ぼす可能性があります。

1346
Q

migratory

A

遊走

1347
Q

permeate, penetrate

A

透過

1348
Q

membrane transport protein

A

膜輸送タンパク質

1349
Q

potential difference

A

電位差

1350
Q

ion channel

A

イオンチャネル

1351
Q

simple diffusion

A

単純拡散

1352
Q

faciliated transport

A

促進輸送

1353
Q

extracellular fluid

A

細胞外液

1354
Q

unbalanced

A

不均衡

1355
Q

membrane potential

A

膜電位

1356
Q

resting membrane potential

A

静止膜電位

1357
Q

multipass transmembrane protein

A

複数回膜貫通タンパク質

1358
Q

passive transport

A

受動輸送

1359
Q

active transport

A

能動輸送

1360
Q

driving force

A

駆動力

1361
Q

inflow

A

流入

1362
Q

outflow

A

流出量

1363
Q

pump

A

ポンプ

1364
Q

origin

A

起因

1365
Q

electrochemical gradient

A

電気化学的勾配

1366
Q

osmosis

A

浸透

1367
Q

aquaporin

A

アクアポリン

1368
Q

secretory glands

A

分泌腺

1369
Q

osmotic pressure

A

浸透圧

1370
Q

osmotic gradient

A

浸透勾配

1371
Q

contractile vacuole…The contractile vacuole is a specialized type of vacuole that regulates the quantity of water inside a cell. In freshwater environments, the concentration of solutes is hypotonic, lesser outside than inside the cell. Under these conditions, osmosis causes water to accumulate in the cell from the external environment. The contractile vacuole acts as part of a protective mechanism that prevents the cell from absorbing too much water and possibly lysing (rupturing) through excessive internal pressure.

A

収縮胞

1372
Q

periodic

A

周期的

1373
Q

turgur pressure

A

膨圧

1374
Q

glucose transporter

A

グルコース輸送体

1375
Q

blood glucose level

A

血糖値

1376
Q

glucagon

A

グルカゴン

1377
Q

glycogen

A

グリコゲン

1378
Q

enantiomer…each of a pair of molecules that are mirror images of each other.

A

鏡像体

1379
Q

gradient-driven pump

A

勾配駆動ポンプ

1380
Q

operate

A

稼働

1381
Q

income and expenditure

A

収支

1382
Q

Na+-K+-ATPase

A

Na+-K+-ATPあーぜ

1383
Q

symport

A

シンポート

1384
Q

antiport

A

アンチポート

1385
Q

uniport

A

ユニポート

1386
Q

intestinal epithelial cells

A

腸上皮細胞

1387
Q

collaborative1

A

共同的

1388
Q

closure

A

閉鎖

1389
Q

intestinal lumen

A

腸内腔

1390
Q

apical surface

A

頂端部

1391
Q

base

A

基底部

1392
Q

vacuole1

A

液胞

1393
Q

former, latter

A

前者、後者

1394
Q

gap junction

A

ギャップ結合

1395
Q

fluid leakage

A

液漏れ

1396
Q

ion channel

A

イオンチャネル

1397
Q

ion selectivity

A

イオン選択性

1398
Q

diameter

A

直径

1399
Q

barrier/checkpoint

A

関所

1400
Q

K+leak channel

A

K+漏洩チャネル

1401
Q

nernst equation…Even under non-standard conditions, the cell potentials of electrochemical cells can be determined with the help of the Nernst equation. The Nernst equation is often used to calculate the cell potential of an electrochemical cell at any given temperature, pressure, and reactant concentration.

A

ネルンストの式(V=62log(Cout/Cin))

1402
Q

パッチクランプ法

A

patch-clamp recording

1403
Q

microelectrodes

A

微小電極

1404
Q

all or nothing

A

全か無か

1405
Q

voltage-gated channel

A

電位依存チャネル

1406
Q

ligand-gated channel

A

リガンド依存チャネル

1407
Q

mechanically-gated channel

A

機械刺激依存チャネル

1408
Q

auditory hair cells

A

聴覚有毛細胞

1409
Q

auditory nerve

A

聴神経

1410
Q

potential sensor

A

電位センサー

1411
Q

unification

A

統合

1412
Q

central nervous system

A

中枢神経系(ちゅうすう)

1413
Q

sensory organ

A

感覚器官

1414
Q

interpretation

A

解釈

1415
Q

radial

A

放射状

1416
Q

cell body

A

細胞体

1417
Q

axon

A

軸索

1418
Q

dendrite

A

樹状突起

1419
Q

nerve terminal

A

神経末端

1420
Q

action potential

A

活動電位

1421
Q

neural circuit

A

神経回路

1422
Q

passive propagation

A

受動的伝播

1423
Q

electric excitation

A

電気的興奮

1424
Q

nerve impulse

A

神経インパルス

1425
Q

cation channel

A

陽イオンチャネル

1426
Q

propagate

A

伝搬

1427
Q

depolarization

A

脱分極

1428
Q

electrical signal

A

電気シグナル

1429
Q

chemical signal

A

化学シグナル

1430
Q

target cell

A

標的細胞

1431
Q

synapse

A

シナプス

1432
Q

presynaptic cells

A

シナプス前細胞

1433
Q

postsynaptic cells

A

シナプス後細胞

1434
Q

synaptic cleft

A

シナプス間隙(かんげき)

1435
Q

separated

A

隔てられている(へだ)

1436
Q

neurotransmitter

A

神経伝達物質

1437
Q

synaptic vesicle

A

シナプス小胞

1438
Q

transmitter-gated ion channel

A

伝達物質依存イオンチャネル

1439
Q

neutrotrasmitter receptor

A

神経伝達物質受容体

1440
Q

mediation

A

媒介

1441
Q

neuromuscular junction

A

神経筋接合部

1442
Q

acetylcholine

A

アセチルコリン

1443
Q

excitatory

A

興奮性

1444
Q

inhibitory

A

抑制性

1445
Q

glutamate, glutamic acid

A

グルタミン酸

1446
Q

gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

A

γ-アミノ酪酸(GABA)

1447
Q

glycine

A

グリシン

1448
Q

psychotropic drug, psychoactive drugs

A

向精神薬…覚せい剤・麻薬・大麻等以外の、中枢神経に作用して、精神の働きに影響を及ぼす薬物の総称。 具体的には鎮静剤、催眠剤、精神安定剤などの総称で、もともとは不眠やイライラなどをなくすための薬である。 ほとんどは医薬品として流通している。

1449
Q

insomnia

A

不眠症

1450
Q

anxiety

A

不安神経症

1451
Q

depression

A

うつ病

1452
Q

schizophrenia

A

統合失調症

1453
Q

sedative

A

鎮静剤

1454
Q

antidepressant

A

抗うつ剤

1455
Q

serotonin

A

セロトニン

1456
Q

devastation

A

荒廃(こうはい)

1457
Q

bipolar disorder

A

双極性障害

1458
Q

thought

A

思考

1459
Q

action

A

行動

1460
Q

learn

A

学習

1461
Q

memory

A

記憶

1462
Q

control, govern

A

つかさどる

1463
Q

vulnerable

A

脆弱(ぜいじゃく)

1464
Q

calculation

A

演算

1465
Q

flagellum

A

鞭毛(べんもう)

1466
Q

optogenetics

A

光遺伝学(ひかり)…光によって活性化されるタンパク分子を遺伝学的手法を用いて特定の細胞に発現させ、その機能を光で操作する技術である。

1467
Q

obesity

A

肥満

1468
Q

type 2 diabetes

A

2型糖尿病

1469
Q

intake

A

摂取

1470
Q

enzyme pathway

A

酵素経路

1471
Q

immediately

A

即座

1472
Q

inner mitochondrial membrane

A

ミトコンドリア内膜

1473
Q

aerobic prokaryotes

A

好気性原核生物

1474
Q

oxidative phosphorylation

A

酸化的リン酸化

1475
Q

catabolism

A

異化

1476
Q

digestion

A

消化

1477
Q

pyruvic acid

A

ピルビン酸

1478
Q

acetyl-CoA

A

アセチルCo A

1479
Q

step by step

A

段階的

1480
Q

oxaloacetate

A

オキサロ酢酸

1481
Q

citric acid

A

クエン酸

1482
Q

citric acid cycle

A

クエン酸回路

1483
Q

electron transport chain

A

電子伝達系

1484
Q

capture

A

捕捉

1485
Q

split

A

分割

1486
Q

anaerobic microorganisms

A

嫌気性微生物

1487
Q

isomerase

A

イソメラーぜ(異性化酵素)

1488
Q

dehydrogenase

A

デヒドロゲナーゼ(脱水素酵素)

1489
Q

mutase (an enzyme of the isomerase class that catalyzes the movement of a functional group from one position to another within the same molecule)

A

ムターゼ

1490
Q

substrate level phosphorylation

A

基質レベルのリン酸化

1491
Q

fermentation

A

発酵

1492
Q

lactic acid

A

乳酸

1493
Q

anaerobic respiration

A

嫌気呼吸

1494
Q

glucose-6-phosphate

A

グルコース6ーリン酸

1495
Q

fructose-1,6-phosphate

A

フルクトース1、6ービズリン酸

1496
Q

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

A

グリセルアルデヒド3ーリン酸

1497
Q

1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

A

1,3ービズホスホグリセリン酸

1498
Q

3-phosphoglycerate

A

3-ホスホグリセリン酸

1499
Q

2-phosphoglycerate

A

2ーホスホグリセリン

1500
Q

phosphoenolpyruvate

A

ホスホエノールピルビン酸

1501
Q

pyruvate

A

ピルビン酸

1502
Q

phosphoanhydride bond

A

リン酸無水結合

1503
Q

hexokinase

A

ヘキソキナーゼ

1504
Q

isomerization

A

異性化

1505
Q

glucose-6-phosphate isomerase

A

グルコース6ーリン酸異性化酵素

1506
Q

phosphofructokinase

A

ホスホフルクトキナーゼ

1507
Q

aldolase

A

アルドラーぜ

1508
Q

dihydroxyacetone phosphate

A

ジヒドロキシアセトンリン酸

1509
Q

triosephosphate isomerase

A

トリオースリン酸異性化酵素

1510
Q

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

A

グリセルアルデヒド3ーリン酸脱水素酵素

1511
Q

phosphoglycerate kinase

A

ホスホグリセリン酸キナーゼ

1512
Q

phosphoglycerate mutase

A

ホスホグリセリン酸ムターぜ

1513
Q

enolase

A

エノラーぜ

1514
Q

pyruvate kinase

A

ピルビン酸キナーゼ

1515
Q

pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

A

ピルビン酸脱水素酵素複合体

1516
Q

decarboxylation

A

脱炭素

1517
Q

oxaloacetate

A

オキサロ酢酸

1518
Q

tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle

A

トリカルボン酸回路

1519
Q

krebs cycle

A

クレブス回路

1520
Q

oxidation of carbon compounds

A

炭素化合物酸化

1521
Q

whole process

A

全工程

1522
Q

reduced flavin adenine dinucleotide (FADH2)

A

還元型フラビンアデニンジヌクレオチド

1523
Q

guanosine triphosphate

A

GTP(グアノシン三リン酸)

1524
Q

anabolic pathway

A

同化経路

1525
Q

isocitrate

A

イソクエン酸

1526
Q

aconitase

A

アコニターゼ

1527
Q

alpha-ketoglutarate

A

αーケトグルタル酸

1528
Q

isocitrate dehydrogenase

A

イソクエン酸脱水素酵素

1529
Q

alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase

A

αーケトグルタル酸脱水素酵素複合体

1530
Q

succinyl-CoA

A

スクシニルCoA

1531
Q

succinyl-CoA synthetase

A

スクシニルCoA合成酵素

1532
Q

succinate

A

コハク酸

1533
Q

succinate dehydrogenase

A

コハク酸脱水素酵素

1534
Q

fumarate

A

フマル酸

1535
Q

fumarase

A

フマラーゼ

1536
Q

malate

A

リンゴ酸

1537
Q

maltate dehydrogenase

A

リンゴ酸脱水素酵素

1538
Q

electron donor

A

電子供与体(きょうよたい)

1539
Q

balance

A

調和

1540
Q

lactate dehydrogenase

A

乳酸脱水素酵素

1541
Q

quick, prompt

A

機敏

1542
Q

gluconeogenesis

A

糖新生

1543
Q

detour

A

迂回(うかい)

1544
Q

feedback regulation

A

フィードバック調節

1545
Q

fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

A

フルクトース1、6ービスホスファターゼ

1546
Q

fast

A

絶食

1547
Q

particle

A

顆粒

1548
Q

glycogen phosphorylase

A

グリコゲンホスホリラーぜ

1549
Q

glucose-1-phosphate

A

グルコース1ーリン酸

1550
Q

glycogen synthase

A

グリコゲン合成酵素

1551
Q

adrenaline

A

アドレナリン

1552
Q

stockpile supply

A

備蓄物質

1553
Q

starch

A

デンプン

1554
Q

growing

A

成長途上

1555
Q

germination…the development of a plant from a seed or spore after a period of dormancy.

A

発芽

1556
Q

process

A

過程

1557
Q

electron transport chain

A

電子伝達系

1558
Q

ATP synthase

A

ATP合成酵素

1559
Q

chemiosmosis hypothesis

A

化学浸透仮説

1560
Q

chemiosmotic coupling

A

化学浸透共役(きょうやく)

1561
Q

symbiotic relationship

A

共生関係

1562
Q

efficiency

A

効率

1563
Q

heart symptoms

A

心症状

1564
Q

epilepsy

A

てんかん

1565
Q

dementia

A

認知症

1566
Q

loss-of-function mutation

A

機能欠損変異

1567
Q

replacement

A

置換

1568
Q

whereabouts

A

所在場所

1569
Q

degree of requirement

A

要求度

1570
Q

matrix

A

マトリックス

1571
Q

intermembrane space

A

膜間腔

1572
Q

porin

A

ポリん

1573
Q

cristae

A

クリステ

1574
Q

surface area

A

表面積

1575
Q

pumping out

A

くみ出し

1576
Q

respiratory chain

A

呼吸鎖

1577
Q

respiratory enzyme complex

A

呼吸酵素複合体

1578
Q

NADH dehydrogenase complex

A

NADH脱水素酵素複合体

1579
Q

cytochrome c reductase complex

A

シトクロムc還元複合体

1580
Q

cytochrome c oxidase complex

A

シトクロムc酸化酵素複合体

1581
Q

ubiquinone

A

ユビキノン

1582
Q

proton driving force

A

プロトン駆動力

1583
Q

axis

A

1584
Q

electrochemical proton gradient

A

電気化学的プロトン勾配

1585
Q

required

A

必須

1586
Q

motile

A

運動性

1587
Q

export

A

搬出

1588
Q

import

A

搬入

1589
Q

downstream

A

下流

1590
Q

complete oxidation

A

完全酸化

1591
Q

capture

A

捕捉

1592
Q

store

A

貯蔵

1593
Q

heat dissipation mechanism

A

放熱機構

1594
Q

energy transformation

A

エネルギー変換

1595
Q

redox

A

酸化還元

1596
Q

transfer, give and receive

A

授受

1597
Q

redox potential

A

酸化還元電位

1598
Q

donate/accept

A

与える・受け取る

1599
Q

redox reaction

A

酸化還元反応

1600
Q

NAD dehydrogenase

A

NADデヒドロゲナーゼ

1601
Q

donation

A

供与(きょうよ)

1602
Q

redox pair

A

酸化還元対

1603
Q

scale

A

尺度

1604
Q

comparison

A

比較

1605
Q

equivalent mixture

A

等量混合物

1606
Q

electron donor/receptor

A

電子供与体・受容体

1607
Q

metal

A

金属

1608
Q

salt-bridge

A

塩橋

1609
Q

standard redox potential

A

標準酸化還元電位

1610
Q

iron-sulfur center

A

鉄ー硫黄中心

1611
Q

heme group

A

ヘム基

1612
Q

cytochrome c oxidase

A

シトクロムc酸化酵素

1613
Q

exceptional

A

例外的

1614
Q

copper

A

1615
Q

superoxide radical

A

スーパーオキシドラジカル

1616
Q

ageing

A

老化

1617
Q

one cause

A

一因

1618
Q

brown fat cells

A

褐色脂肪細胞(かっしょく)

1619
Q

carbon fixation

A

炭素固定

1620
Q

phenomenon

A

事象

1621
Q

formic acid

A

ギ酸

1622
Q

acidification

A

酸性化

1623
Q

accompany

A

伴う(ともなう)

1624
Q

maintain

A

保持

1625
Q

reaction center

A

反応中心

1626
Q

intracellular compartment

A

細胞内区画

1627
Q

compartmentalization

A

区画化

1628
Q

sorting, selection

A

選別

1629
Q

vesicle transport

A

小胞輸送

1630
Q

exocytosis

A

エキソサイトーシス

1631
Q

endocytosis

A

エンドサイトーシス

1632
Q

membrane-enclosed organelle

A

膜に囲まれた細胞小器官

1633
Q

nuclear pore

A

核膜孔

1634
Q

rough er

A

粗面小胞体(そめん)

1635
Q

smooth er

A

滑面小胞体(かつめん)

1636
Q

adrenal glands

A

副腎

1637
Q

endocrine cells

A

内分泌細胞

1638
Q

detoxification

A

無毒化

1639
Q

hydrogen peroxide

A

過酸化水素

1640
Q

endosome

A

エンドソーム

1641
Q

endomembrane system

A

細胞内膜系

1642
Q

digestive enzyme

A

消化酵素

1643
Q

destination label

A

宛先ラベル

1644
Q

sorting signal

A

選別シグナル

1645
Q

guidance

A

誘導

1646
Q

protein transfer unit

A

タンパク質転送装置

1647
Q

transport vesicle

A

輸送小胞

1648
Q

signal sequence

A

シグナル配列

1649
Q

destination

A

届け先

1650
Q

concentric

A

同心円状

1651
Q

nuclear lamina

A

核ラミナ

1652
Q

lining

A

裏打ち

1653
Q

nuclear localization signal

A

核局在化シグナル

1654
Q

localized

A

局所的

1655
Q

fibril, microfilament

A

原線維・微細繊維

1656
Q

nuclear import receptor

A

核搬入受容体

1657
Q

reuse

A

再度利用

1658
Q

nuclear export receptor

A

核搬出受容体

1659
Q

linkage

A

連動

1660
Q

particulate

A

粒子状

1661
Q

start and stop

A

開始と停止

1662
Q

frequent

A

頻繁

1663
Q

myelin sheath

A

ミエリン鞘(しょう)

1664
Q

insulate

A

絶縁

1665
Q

membrane system

A

膜系

1666
Q

ER signal sequence

A

小胞体シグナル配列

1667
Q

membrane-attached ribosome

A

膜結合リボソーム

1668
Q

free ribosome

A

遊離リボソーム

1669
Q

propulsion

A

推進力

1670
Q

polyribosome

A

ポリリボソーム

1671
Q

protein translocation system

A

タンパク質輸送装置

1672
Q

water soluble protein

A

水溶性タンパク質

1673
Q

signal recognition particle

A

シグナル認識粒子(SRP)

1674
Q

SRP receptor

A

SRP受容体

1675
Q

mediator molecule

A

仲介役分子

1676
Q

transport termination sequence

A

輸送停止配列

1677
Q

vesicle transport1

A

小胞輸送

1678
Q

secretory pathway

A

分泌経路

1679
Q

prompt

A

促す

1680
Q

cover

A

被覆

1681
Q

coated vesicle

A

被覆小胞

1682
Q

clathrin…Clathrin and its associated adaptor/accessory proteins together carry out three important functions, which include engaging with cargo and membrane and also generating negative curvature on the membrane such that the cargo becomes encapsulated in a vesicle.

A

クラスリン

1683
Q

clathrin coated protein

A

クラスリン被覆小胞

1684
Q

dynamin….Dynamin is a GTPase that plays a vital role in clathrin-dependent endocytosis and other vesicular trafficking processes by acting as a pair of molecular scissors for newly formed vesicles originating from the plasma membrane.

A

ダイナミン

1685
Q

invagination

A

陥入

1686
Q

ring-shaped

A

輪状

1687
Q

adaptin

A

アダプチン

1688
Q

transport signal

A

輸送シグナル

1689
Q

cargo receptor

A

積み荷受容体

1690
Q

coated protein (COP) coated vesicle

A

COP被覆小胞

1691
Q

anchor protein (honestly don’t know)

A

係留タンパク質

1692
Q

matching mechanism

A

照合機構

1693
Q

rab protein

A

Rab(らぶ)タンパク質

1694
Q

membrane fusion

A

膜融合

1695
Q

adhesion

A

接着

1696
Q

union

A

合体

1697
Q

quality

A

品質

1698
Q

disulfide bond

A

ジスルフィド結合

1699
Q

glycosylation

A

糖鎖付加、グリコシル化

1700
Q

glycosylating enzyme

A

糖鎖付加酵素

1701
Q

sugar coating or glycocalyx

A

糖衣

1702
Q

oligosaccharide

A

オリゴ糖鎖

1703
Q

dolichol…acts as glycosyl carrier lipids in the biosynthesis of N-linked glycoproteins

A

ドリコール

1704
Q

N-linked oligosaccharide

A

Nー結合型オリゴ糖

1705
Q

variety, diverse

A

多様

1706
Q

endoplasmic reticulum retention signal

A

小胞体保留シグナル

1707
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

嚢胞性線維症(のうほうせい)

1708
Q

unfolded protein response

A

異常タンパク質応答 (UPR)

1709
Q

treat, process, disposal

A

処理

1710
Q

apoptosis

A

アポトーシス

1711
Q

pancreas

A

膵臓

1712
Q

adult onset diabetes

A

成人型糖尿病

1713
Q

golgi stack/lamellae

A

ゴルジ層板

1714
Q

receiving face (Cis-face)

A

受入面(シス面)

1715
Q

exiting face (trans-face)

A

放出面(トランス面)

1716
Q

cisternae

A

1717
Q

cis-golgi network

A

シスゴルジ網

1718
Q

trans-golgi network

A

トランスゴルジ網

1719
Q

exocytosis

A

エキソサイトーシス(開口分泌)

1720
Q

constitutive exocytosis pathway

A

構成性エキソサイトーシス経路..小胞がトランスゴルジ網から出芽し細胞膜に融合し新たに合成された脂質やタンパク質を細胞膜に補給する

1721
Q

supply

A

補給

1722
Q

renew

A

更新

1723
Q

secretion

A

分泌

1724
Q

regulated exocytosis

A

調節性エキソサイトーシス

1725
Q

mucus

A

粘液

1726
Q

contents

A

内容物

1727
Q

conditions

A

条件下

1728
Q

endocytosis

A

エンドサイトーシス(飲食作用)

1729
Q

endocytic vesicle

A

エンドサイトーシス小胞

1730
Q

pinocytosis

A

ピノサイトーシス

1731
Q

phagocytosis

A

ファゴサイトーシス

1732
Q

phagosome

A

ファゴソーム

1733
Q

phagocytic cells

A

食細胞

1734
Q

intestinal parietal cells

A

腸壁細胞

1735
Q

pseudopodia

A

仮足

1736
Q

aging

A

老朽

1737
Q

fibroblasts

A

線維芽細胞

1738
Q

clathrin covered pits

A

クラスりん被覆ピット

1739
Q

equilibrium, or balanced

A

均衡

1740
Q

limited

A

限定的

1741
Q

receptor-mediated endocytosis

A

受容体を介したエンドサイトーシス

1742
Q

low density lipoprotein

A

低密度リポタンパク質(LDL)

1743
Q

LDL receptor

A

LDL受容体

1744
Q

accumulate

A

蓄積

1745
Q

atherosclerosis

A

アテローム性動脈硬化症

1746
Q

statin

A

スタチン

1747
Q

coronary arteries

A

冠動脈

1748
Q

thrombus

A

血栓

1749
Q

heart attack

A

心臓発作

1750
Q

immature RBC

A

未成熟赤血球

1751
Q

early endosome

A

初期エンドソーム

1752
Q

late endosome

A

後期エンドソーム

1753
Q

transcytosis: move materials between 2 environments without altering the unique composition of these environments.

A

トランスサイトーシス

1754
Q

intracellular digestion

A

細胞内消化

1755
Q

sugar phosphate

A

糖リン酸

1756
Q

mannose-6-phosphate

A

マンノース6ーリン酸

1757
Q

autophagy

A

オートファジー(自食作用)

1758
Q

autophagosome

A

オートファゴソーム

1759
Q

ubiquitin tag

A

ユビキチン標識

1760
Q

remodelling

A

リモデリング

1761
Q

membrane-enclosed organelle

A

膜で囲まれた細胞小器官

1762
Q

interpret

A

解釈

1763
Q

signal transduction

A

シグナル伝達

1764
Q

information distribution cells

A

情報配信細胞

1765
Q

extracellular signal molecules

A

細胞外シグナル分子

1766
Q

target cell

A

標的細胞

1767
Q

detection

A

検出

1768
Q

intracellular signal molecule

A

細胞内シグナル分子

1769
Q

cell signaling

A

細胞のシグナル伝達

1770
Q

fatty acid derivative

A

脂肪酸誘導体

1771
Q

hormone

A

ホルモン

1772
Q

endocrine cells

A

内分泌細胞

1773
Q

endocrine glands

A

内分泌腺

1774
Q

narrow range

A

狭い範囲

1775
Q

paracrine signaling

A

パラクリン型(傍分泌型)シグナル伝達

1776
Q

neighboring cells

A

近隣細胞

1777
Q

local mediator

A

局所仲介物質

1778
Q

autocrine signaling

A

オートクリン型シグナル伝達

1779
Q

neural signaling

A

神経型シグナル伝達

1780
Q

contact-dependent signaling

A

接触型シグナル伝達

1781
Q

adjacent cells

A

隣接細胞

1782
Q

adrenaline/epinephrine/adrenal glands/increased bp, heart rate, and metabolism

A

アドレナリン/エピネフリン・副腎・血圧上昇、心拍数増加、代謝亢進

1783
Q

cortisol/adrenal glands/effects in protein, carb, fat metabolism

A

コルチゾール・副腎・タンパク質、炭水化物、脂質の代謝に影響

1784
Q

estradiol/ovary/female secondary sex characteristics induction and maintenance

A

エストラジオール・卵巣・女性の二次性徴の誘導と維持

1785
Q

insulin/pancreatic beta cells/increases take up of glucose, protein synthesis, and fat synthesis in various cells

A

インスリン・膵臓β細胞・多様な細胞でのクルコースの取り込み、タンパク質合成、脂質合成の促進

1786
Q

thyroid hormone/thyroid gland/increases metabolism

A

甲状腺ホルモン・甲状腺・多種類の細胞での代謝亢進

1787
Q

epidermal growth factor (EGF)

A

上皮増殖因子・上皮成長因子

1788
Q

platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

A

血小板由来増殖因子/成長因子

1789
Q

nerve growth factor (NGF)

A

神経成長因子

1790
Q

histamine/mast cells/enlagement of blood vessels, increases permeability and subsequent inflammation

A

ヒスタミン・肥満細胞・血管の拡張、透過性亢進による炎症の誘導

1791
Q

acetylcholine/exists in neuromuscular synapse and in the central nervous system and acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter

A

アセチルコリン・多数の神経筋シナプスおよび中枢神経系で興奮性の神経伝達物質として作用

1792
Q

nitric oxide/smooth muscle relaxation and nerve cell activity adjustment

A

一酸化窒素・平滑筋弛緩(しかん)、神経細胞の活性調整

1793
Q

gamma-aminobutyric acid/acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the cns

A

γアミノ酪酸・中枢神経系で抑制性神経伝達物質として作用

1794
Q

peripheral

A

周辺

1795
Q

strict

A

厳格

1796
Q

corresponding

A

該当(がいとう)

1797
Q

cell surface receptor

A

細胞表面受容体

1798
Q

intracellular receptor

A

細胞内受容体

1799
Q

effector protein

A

エフェクタータンパク質

1800
Q

salivary gland cells

A

唾液腺細胞

1801
Q

sense-something

A

感知

1802
Q

sum

A

総和

1803
Q

intracellular signaling pathway

A

細胞内シグナル伝達経路

1804
Q

integration, unification

A

統合

1805
Q

allocate

A

配分

1806
Q

molecular switch

A

分子スイッチ

1807
Q

protein kinase

A

タンパク質キナーゼ(リン酸化酵素)

1808
Q

protein phosphatase

A

タンパク質ホスファターゼ(脱リン酸化酵素)

1809
Q

phosphorylation cascade

A

リン酸化連鎖(カスケード)反応

1810
Q

serine/threonine kinase

A

セリン・トレオニンキナーゼ

1811
Q

tyrosine kinase

A

チロシンキナーゼ 

1812
Q

GTP-binding protein

A

GTP結合タンパク質

1813
Q

trimeric GTP-binding protein aka G-protein

A

三量体GTP結合タンパク質、Gタンパク質

1814
Q

G protein-coupled receptor

A

Gタンパク質共役型受容体

1815
Q

guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)

A

グアニンヌクレオチド交換因子

1816
Q

GTPase-activating protein (GAP)

A

GTPアーゼ活性化タンパク質

1817
Q

ion channel-coupled receptor

A

イオンチャネル共役型受容体

1818
Q

enzyme-coupled receptor

A

酵素共役型受容体

1819
Q

current, electric current

A

電流

1820
Q

barbiturate and benzodiazepine derivaties = stimulates ion channel coupled receptors that are activated by GABA = used for mental stability and sedation

A

バルビツール酸塩とベンゾジアゼピン誘導体=GABAで活性化するイオンチャネル共役型受容体を刺激=精神安定、鎮静

1821
Q

easy/difficult

A

容易・困難

1822
Q

interference, disturbance

A

妨害

1823
Q

diarrhea

A

下痢

1824
Q

heart rate

A

心拍数

1825
Q

pacemaker cells

A

ペースメーカー細胞

1826
Q

adenylyl cyclase

A

アデニル酸シクラーゼ

1827
Q

phospholipase C

A

ホスホリパーゼC

1828
Q

small molecule

A

小型分子

1829
Q

cyclic AMP

A

サイクリックAMP

1830
Q

inositol trisphosphate

A

イノシトールトリスリン酸

1831
Q

diacylglycerol

A

ジアシルグリセロール

1832
Q

secondary messenger

A

二次メッセンジャー

1833
Q

cAMP phosphodiesterase

A

サイクリックAMPホスホジエステラーゼ

1834
Q

cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)

A

サイクリックAMP依存タンパク質キナーゼ

1835
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

副腎皮質(adrenal cortex)刺激ホルモン

1836
Q

glycogenolysis

A

グリコゲン分解

1837
Q

promote

A

促進

1838
Q

skeletal muscle

A

骨格筋

1839
Q

vasopressin/glycogenolysis

A

バソプレシン・グリコゲン分解

1840
Q

thrombin/coagulation

A

トロンビン・凝固

1841
Q

inositorl phospholipid

A

イノシトールリン脂質

1842
Q

inositol phospholipid pathway

A

イノシトールリン脂質経路

1843
Q

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphosphate (IP3)

A

イノシトール1、4、5ートリスリン酸

1844
Q

protein kinase C (PKC)

A

タンパク質キナーゼC

1845
Q

trigger

A

引き金

1846
Q

Ca2+ responsive protein

A

Cα2+応答タンパク質

1847
Q

indirect

A

間接

1848
Q

calmodulin

A

カルモジュリン

1849
Q

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase)

A

Ca2±/カルモジュリン依存タンパク質キナーゼ

1850
Q

nitrate

A

硝酸塩(しょうさんえん)

1851
Q

nitrite

A

亜硝酸塩

1852
Q

endothelial cells

A

内皮細胞

1853
Q

expansion

A

拡張

1854
Q

angina

A

狭心症

1855
Q

pain

A

疼痛(とうつう)

1856
Q

guanylyl cyclase

A

グアニル酸シクラーゼ

1857
Q

retina

A

網膜

1858
Q

cone photoreceptor

A

錐体光受容体(すいたい)

1859
Q

adaptation

A

順応

1860
Q

rod photoreceptors

A

桿体(かんたい)光受容体

1861
Q

transducin

A

トランスデューシン

1862
Q

neural signal

A

神経信号

1863
Q

receptor tyrosine kinase

A

受容体チロシンキナーゼ

1864
Q

active type

A

活性型

1865
Q

interaction domain

A

相互作用ドメイン

1866
Q

tyrosine phosphatase

A

チロシンホスファターゼ

1867
Q

monomeric GTPase

A

単量体GTPアーゼ

1868
Q

MAPキナーゼ

A

MAP (mitogen-activating protein) kinase

1869
Q

mitogenic factor

A

分裂促進因子

1870
Q

MAP-kinase signaling module
- MAP kinase
- MAP kinase kinase
- MAP kinase kinase kinase

A

MAPキナーゼシグナル伝達モジュール
ーMAPキナーゼ
ーMAPキナーゼキナーゼ
ーMAPキナーゼキナーゼキナーゼ

1871
Q

growth stimulation

A

増殖促進

1872
Q

survival

A

生存維持

1873
Q

inducing differentiation

A

分化の誘導

1874
Q

over activating mutations

A

過剰活性変異

1875
Q

oncogene

A

がん遺伝子

1876
Q

insulin-like growth factor (IGF)

A

インスリン様増殖因子

1877
Q

phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase)

A

ホスファチジルイノシトール3ーキナーゼ(PI3ーキナーゼ)

1878
Q

notch protein

A

ノッチタンパク質

1879
Q

steroid hormone (cortisol, estradiol, testosterone)

A

ステロイドホルモン(コルチゾール、エストラジオール、テストステロン)

1880
Q

thyroxine

A

チロキシン

1881
Q

nuclear receptor

A

核内受容体

1882
Q

physiological response

A

生理反応

1883
Q

fetal period

A

胎生期

1884
Q

external genitalia

A

外性器

1885
Q

puberty

A

思春期

1886
Q

male secondary sexual characteristics

A

男性二次性徴

1887
Q

development

A

発達

1888
Q

sexual development

A

性的発達

1889
Q

cytoplasmic space

A

細胞質空間

1890
Q

intermediate filament

A

中間径フィラメント

1891
Q

microtubules

A

微小管

1892
Q

actin filament

A

アクチンフィラメント

1893
Q

tubulin

A

チューブリン

1894
Q

actin

A

アクチン

1895
Q

myosin filament

A

ミオシンフィラメント

1896
Q

desmosome

A

デスモソーム

1897
Q

nuclear lamina

A

核ラミナ

1898
Q

salt solution

A

塩溶液

1899
Q

non-ionic detergent

A

非イオン性界面活性剤

1900
Q

keratin filament

A

ケラチンフィラメント

1901
Q

connective tissue cell

A

結合組織細胞

1902
Q

supporting cell

A

支持細胞

1903
Q

glial cells

A

グリア細胞

1904
Q

vimentein

A

ビメンチン

1905
Q

neurofilament

A

ニューロフィラメント

1906
Q

lamin

A

ラミン

1907
Q

plectin

A

プレクチン

1908
Q

supplemental protein

A

補助タンパク質

1909
Q

cross-link

A

架橋(かきょう)

1910
Q

bonded structure

A

接着構造

1911
Q

centrosome

A

中心体

1912
Q

spindle

A

紡錘体(ぼうすい)

1913
Q

core

A

1914
Q

orderly

A

整然

1915
Q

associated protein

A

付随タンパク質

1916
Q

motor protein

A

モータータンパク質

1917
Q

hollow

A

中空

1918
Q

fibril

A

原線維

1919
Q

plus/minus end

A

プラス・マイナス端

1920
Q

radial

A

放射状

1921
Q

centriole

A

中心小体

1922
Q

gamma-tubulin ring complex

A

γーチューブリン環複合体

1923
Q

polymerization nucleation site

A

重合核形成部位

1924
Q

basal body

A

基底小体

1925
Q

dynamic instability

A

動的不安定

1926
Q

inorganic phosphate

A

無機リン酸塩

1927
Q

dynamic

A

動態

1928
Q

polymerization

A

重合

1929
Q

depolymerization

A

脱重合

1930
Q

metaphase

A

分裂中期

1931
Q

loss

A

脱落

1932
Q

mitotic period

A

分裂期

1933
Q

dendrite

A

樹状突起

1934
Q

microtubule-associated protein

A

微小管結合タンパク質

1935
Q

saltatory movement

A

跳躍運動

1936
Q

cytoplasmic microtubule

A

細胞質微小管

1937
Q

kinesin

A

キネシン

1938
Q

dyenin

A

ダイニン

1939
Q

edge

A

縁(ふち)

1940
Q

basal body/granule

A

基底小体

1941
Q

sine wave

A

正弦波

1942
Q

flexion movement

A

屈曲運動

1943
Q

cilliary dyenin

A

繊毛ダイニン

1944
Q

primary cilia

A

一次繊毛

1945
Q

contractile bundle

A

収縮束

1946
Q

contractile ring

A

収縮環

1947
Q

formin

A

フォルミン

1948
Q

tredmilling

A

トレッドミル現象

1949
Q

thymosine

A

チモシン

1950
Q

profilin

A

プロフィリン

1951
Q

formin

A

フォルミン

1952
Q

actin related protein

A

アクチン類縁タンパク質

1953
Q

actin-binding protein

A

アクチン結合タンパク質

1954
Q

cell cortex

A

細胞皮質

1955
Q

chemotaxis

A

走化

1956
Q

chemotactic molecule

A

走化分子

1957
Q

state of assembly

A

会合状態

1958
Q

protrusion

A

突起

1959
Q

anchorage

A

足がかり

1960
Q

lamellipodium

A

葉状仮足

1961
Q

filopodium

A

糸状仮足

1962
Q

growth cone…is a large actin-supported extension of a developing or regenerating neurite seeking its synaptic target.

A

成長円錐(えんすい)

1963
Q

integrin

A

インテグリン

1964
Q

fixation

A

固着

1965
Q

anchored structure

A

係留構造

1966
Q

myosin motor protein

A

ミオシンモータータンパク質

1967
Q

leading edge

A

先導端

1968
Q

lobopodium・lamellipodia

A

葉状仮足。。。糸状仮足や葉状仮足は主に細胞が平面の上を広がるように運動する際に形成される構造体で、これらを用いる運動様式は 間葉系運動 mesenchymal migration と呼ばれます ( 図2 )

1969
Q

actin related protein

A

アクチン類縁タンパク質

1970
Q

filopodium

A

糸状仮足

1971
Q

formin

A

フォルミン

1972
Q

protrude

A

突出

1973
Q

contractile ring

A

収縮環

1974
Q

rho protein family

A

Rhoタンパク質ファミリー

1975
Q

converge

A

収束

1976
Q

fasculation.. arrangement of bundles or a brief spontaneous contraction affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement under the skin

A

隣接する筋繊維の束が痙攣すること

1977
Q

membrane ruffling… formation of motile cell surface that contains a meshwork of newly polymerized actin filaments

A

ラッフリング現象

1978
Q

myosin-I, -II

A

I型、II型ミオシン

1979
Q

cargo

A

積荷

1980
Q

skeletal muscle

A

骨格筋

1981
Q

involuntary movement

A

不随意運動

1982
Q

smooth muscle

A

平滑筋

1983
Q

interlace, twist together

A

より合わせる

1984
Q

bipolar

A

双極性

1985
Q

contractile bundle

A

収縮束

1986
Q

skeletal muscle fiber

A

骨格筋線維

1987
Q

sarcomere

A

サルコメア(筋節)

1988
Q

Z line

A

Z帯

1989
Q

adhesion

A

付着

1990
Q

rigid, rigor

A

硬直

1991
Q

synchronise

A

同調

1992
Q

motor neuron

A

運動ニューロん

1993
Q

interaction

A

相互作用

1994
Q

action potential

A

活動電位

1995
Q

electric excitation

A

電気的興奮

1996
Q

transverse tubules (T tubules)

A

横行管(T管)

1997
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

筋小胞体

1998
Q

tropomyosin

A

トロポミオシン

1999
Q

troponin

A

トロポニン

2000
Q

cell cortex

A

細胞皮層

2001
Q

continuity

A

連続性

2002
Q

doubling

A

倍加

2003
Q

cytoskeletal fibers

A

細胞骨格線維

2004
Q

separation

A

分離

2005
Q

cell-cycle control system

A

細胞周期制御系

2006
Q

cytokinesis

A

細胞質分裂

2007
Q

M, S, G1/G2, phase

A

M…期

2008
Q

interphase

A

間期

2009
Q

cleavge…受精卵の細胞分裂のことである。

A

卵割(らんかつ)

2010
Q

mitotic spindle

A

有糸分裂紡錘体 (ぼうすいたい)

2011
Q

systematically

A

体系的

2012
Q

cyclin-dependent protein kinase

A

サイクリン依存タンパク質キナーゼ

2013
Q

cyclin

A

サイクリン

2014
Q

M, S, G1/S cyclin

A

M…サイクリン

2015
Q

anaphase-promoting complex aka cyclosome (APC/C)

A

後期促進複合体 aka サイクロソーム(apc/c)

2016
Q

cdk inhibitor protein

A

CDk阻害タンパク質

2017
Q

mitoge; mitogenic factor

A

分裂促進因子

2018
Q

retinoblastoma protein

A

網膜芽細胞腫タンパク質(Rbタンパク質)

2019
Q

transition point

A

移行点

2020
Q

terminal differentiation

A

最終分化

2021
Q

replication origin/point

A

複製起点

2022
Q

origin recognition complex

A

複製起点認識複合体(ORC)

2023
Q

pre-recognition complex..is a protein complex that forms at the origin of replication during the initiation step of DNA replication.

A

複製前複合体

2024
Q

self-reinforcement

A

自己増強型

2025
Q

cohesin

A

コヒーシン

2026
Q

condensin

A

コンデンシン

2027
Q

sister chromosome

A

姉妹染色体

2028
Q

chromosome condensation

A

染色体凝縮

2029
Q

sister chromatid

A

姉妹染色分体

2030
Q

microtubule asspcoated motor protein

A

微小管付属モータータンパク質

2031
Q

around the equitorial plane, around the equator

A

赤道面周囲

2032
Q

prophase

A

前期

2033
Q

promataphase

A

前中期

2034
Q

metaphase

A

中期

2035
Q

anaphase

A

後期

2036
Q

telophase

A

終期

2037
Q

centrosome

A

中心体

2038
Q

centromere

A

セントロメア

2039
Q

microtubule organizing center

A

微小管形成中心

2040
Q

aster… a cellular structure shaped like a star, formed around each centrosome during mitosis in an animal cell

A

星状体

2041
Q

kinetochore…セントロめあDNAに形成される巨大なタンパク質複合体で染色体とスピンドル微小管を繋ぐ

A

動原体

2042
Q

kinetochore microtubules

A

動原微小管

2043
Q

spindle pole… 2 ends of the spindle during mitosis

A

紡錘体極

2044
Q

centrosome cycle

A

中心体周期

2045
Q

shortening

A

短縮

2046
Q

dynamic instability

A

動的不安定

2047
Q

interpolar microtubule

A

極間微小管

2048
Q

bi-orientation

A

双配向

2049
Q

tension

A

張力

2050
Q

metaphase plate..a plane cell section in the equatorial plane of the metaphase spindle having the chromosomes oriented upon it.

A

中期板

2051
Q

equatorial plane

A

赤道面

2052
Q

separase

A

セパラーぜ

2053
Q

securin

A

セキュリん

2054
Q

kinesin

A

キネシン

2055
Q

dynein

A

ダイニン

2056
Q

spindle assembly checkpoint…. is a safety device that monitors the attachment of spindle microtubules to the surface of chromosome-associated structures called kinetochores. It is believed that the SAC senses the occupancy of microtubules at the surface of kinetochores, as well as the accumulation of inter-kinetochore tension when sister kinetochores are linked to opposite spindle poles.

A

紡錘体形成チェックポイント

2057
Q

temporary/transient

A

一過性

2058
Q

cleavage furrow

A

分裂溝

2059
Q

central spindle

A

中央紡錘体

2060
Q

asymmetric division

A

非対称分裂

2061
Q

phragmoplast

A

隔膜形成体(かくまく)

2062
Q

programmed cell death

A

プログラム細胞死

2063
Q

developing

A

発生途上

2064
Q

atrophy

A

萎縮

2065
Q

cell necrosis

A

細胞の壊死

2066
Q

bleb… buldge of the plasma membrane of a cell

A

ブレブ(突起)

2067
Q

caspase

A

カスパーぜ

2068
Q

procaspase

A

プロカスパーゼ

2069
Q

initiator caspase

A

誘導型カスパーぜ
カスパーゼとは多細胞生物に広く保存された蛋白質分解酵素であり、蛋白質の切断を介してアポトーシスによる細胞死を実行します。

2070
Q

effector caspase

A

実行型カスパーゼ

2071
Q

Bcl2 family protein

A

Bcl2ファミリータンパク質

2072
Q

apoptosome

A

アポトソーム

2073
Q

survival factor

A

生存因子

2074
Q

mitogen

A

分裂促進因子(マイトジェン)

2075
Q

growth factor

A

増殖因子

2076
Q

platelet derived growth factor

A

血小板由来増殖因子

2077
Q

clot

A

血餅(けっぺい)

2078
Q

myostatin

A

ミオスタチン

2079
Q

meiosis

A

減数分裂

2080
Q

parthenogenesis

A

単為生殖

2081
Q

diploid

A

二倍体

2082
Q

homolog/homologous chromosome

A

相同染色体

2083
Q

gamete

A

配偶子

2084
Q

haploid

A

一倍体

2085
Q

zygote

A

受精卵・接合子

2086
Q

germ line…a series of germ cells each descended or developed from earlier cells in the series, regarded as continuing through successive generations of an organism.

A

生殖系列

2087
Q

diversity

A

多様性

2088
Q

allele…each of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome.

A

対立遺伝子

2089
Q

cell fusion

A

細胞融合

2090
Q

homologous recombination

A

相同組換え

2091
Q

mating

A

交配(こうはい)

2092
Q

division of the nucleus

A

核分裂

2093
Q

maternal/paternal chromosome

A

母・父方染色体

2094
Q

pairing

A

対合

2095
Q

meiosis I/II

A

減数第一・第二分裂

2096
Q

meiotic prophase

A

減数分裂前期

2097
Q

bivalent chromosome

A

二価染色体。。。倍加した染色体同士が対合してできる構造

2098
Q

crossing-over

A

交差

2099
Q

synaptonemal complex…The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a protein structure that forms between homologous chromosomes (two pairs of sister chromatids) during meiosis and is thought to mediate synapsis and recombination during meiosis I in eukaryotes.

A

シナプトネマ構造

2100
Q

chiasma (pleural chiasmata)

A

キアズマ

2101
Q

oocyte

A

卵母細胞

2102
Q

daughter nucleus

A

娘核

2103
Q

redistribution

A

再配分

2104
Q

reorganization

A

再編成

2105
Q

non-disjunction

A

不分離。。。対の相同染色体が分離できなかった減数分裂

2106
Q

aneuploidy

A

異数性。。。染色体の突然変異において、その一部の数が1本ないし複数本変異(増減)した状態のこと。

2107
Q

miscarriage

A

流産

2108
Q

zona pellucida

A

透明帯。。透明帯とは卵子を包む、透明な糖たんぱく質の層のことです。
透明帯の役割には
・卵巣内で卵子が発育していく過程に必要な栄養素を顆粒膜細胞から供給する
・受精時に精子が卵子内に侵入すると透明帯を構成するたんぱく質が変性し、硬くなること(透明帯反応)で多精子受精を防止する
・受精、分割した初期胚はそれぞれの結合が弱く、バラバラになりやすいため、ひとつひとつの細胞(割球)がバラバラにならないようにまとめる
・受精後着床の場である子宮まで移動する際に、卵管の壁への付着を防止する
などが挙げられます。

2109
Q

pronucleus

A

前核…多細胞動物において,減数分裂によってできた卵の核および精子の核が,合体を起すまでの間をさす。

2110
Q

trait

A

形質

2111
Q

dominant

A

顕性(優性)

2112
Q

recessive

A

潜性(劣性)

2113
Q

genotype

A

遺伝子型

2114
Q

homozygous

A

ホモ接合

2115
Q

heterozygous

A

ヘテロ接合

2116
Q

phenotype

A

表現型

2117
Q

law of segregation

A

分離の法則。。。メンデルの遺伝法則の一つ。対立遺伝子が雑種第一代で配偶子が形成されるとき分かれ、別々の配偶子に入る

2118
Q

pedigree

A

家系図

2119
Q

mono/dihybrid

A

一・二遺伝子雑種

2120
Q

law of independent assortment

A

独立の法則…メンデルの法則の1つで、2つの遺伝子は配偶子への分離に関して互いに何の影響も及ぼさないとするものである。

2121
Q

genetic linkage

A

遺伝子連鎖

2122
Q

genetic map

A

遺伝子地図

2123
Q

loss-of-function mutation

A

機能欠損変異

2124
Q

wild type

A

野生型

2125
Q

gain-of -function mutation

A

機能獲得変異

2126
Q

potentially

A

潜在的

2127
Q

mutagenesis

A

変異誘発

2128
Q

mutagen

A

変異原物質

2129
Q

genetic screening

A

遺伝子スクリーニング

2130
Q

RNA interference

A

RNA干渉

2131
Q

lethal mutation

A

致死的変異

2132
Q

conditional mutation

A

条件的変異

2133
Q

non/permissive temperature

A

非・許容温度域

2134
Q

complementation test

A

相補性試験

2135
Q

polymorphism

A

多型

2136
Q

single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

A

一塩基多型

2137
Q

indel (from insertion and deletion)

A

インデル(挿入・欠失から

2138
Q

copy number variantion (CNV)

A

コピー数多型。。。ゲノムに生じた変異のうち、ゲノム DNA の配列のコピー数がリファレンスまたはスタンダードと異なるものを指します。

2139
Q

haplotype block

A

ハプロタイプブロック

2140
Q

alternation of generations

A

世代交代

2141
Q

replacement

A

置換

2142
Q

resistance, against antibiotics and shit

A

耐性(たいせい)

2143
Q

sickle cell anemia

A

鎌状赤血球貧血症

2144
Q

disease phenotype

A

疾患表現型

2145
Q

pathogen

A

病原体

2146
Q

genetic/environmental factor

A

遺伝・環境要因

2147
Q

single gene disorder

A

単一遺伝子性疾患

2148
Q

mendelian disorder

A

メンデル型遺伝病

2149
Q

cause of disease

A

病因性

2150
Q

rare

A

希少

2151
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

嚢胞性線維症(のうほう)

2152
Q

polygenic disorder…A genetic disorder that is caused by the combined action of more than one gene.

A

多遺伝子性疾患

2153
Q

juvinile onset

A

若年期発症

2154
Q

genome-wide association studies

A

ゲノム関連解析

2155
Q

coronary artery disease

A

冠動脈疾患

2156
Q

predisposition/a primary factor or cause

A

素因

2157
Q

DNA base sequence analysis

A

DNA塩基配列解読

2158
Q

tissue

A

組織

2159
Q

cell junction

A

細胞結合

2160
Q

turgur pressure

A

膨圧

2161
Q

cellulose microfibril

A

セルロース微繊維

2162
Q

deposit

A

沈着

2163
Q

connective tissue

A

結合組織

2164
Q

dermis

A

真皮(しんぴ)

2165
Q

tough

A

強靭

2166
Q

elasticity

A

弾力

2167
Q

elastic protein

A

弾性タンパク質

2168
Q

elastin

A

エラスチン

2169
Q

collagen

A

コラーゲン

2170
Q

collagen fibril

A

コラーゲン原線維

2171
Q

rigidity

A

剛直

2172
Q

osteoblast

A

骨芽(造骨)細胞

2173
Q

procollagen

A

プロコラーゲン

2174
Q

procollagen proteinase

A

プロコラーゲンプロテイナーゼ

2175
Q

infiltration/permeation

A

浸潤

2176
Q

piece

A

小片

2177
Q

trauma/wound

A

創傷

2178
Q

integrin

A

インテグリン

2179
Q

fibronectin

A

フィブロネクチン

2180
Q

leukocyte adhesion deficiency

A

白血球接着不全症

2181
Q

compression

A

圧縮

2182
Q

glycosaminoglycan (GAG)

A

グリコサミノグリカン

2183
Q

proteoglycan

A

プロテオグリカン

2184
Q

turgor pressure

A

膨圧

2185
Q

hydration

A

水和

2186
Q

epithelium

A

上皮

2187
Q

epidermis

A

表皮

2188
Q

stratified epithelium

A

重層上皮

2189
Q

simple epithelium

A

単層上皮

2190
Q

milk

A

乳汁

2191
Q

auditory hair cells

A

聴覚有毛細胞

2192
Q

apical

A

頂端

2193
Q

basal

A

基底

2194
Q

basal lamina

A

基底膜

2195
Q

laminin

A

ラミニン

2196
Q

simple columnar epithelium

A

単層円柱上皮

2197
Q

absorptive cell

A

吸収細胞

2198
Q

goblet cell。。。intestinal mucosal epithelial cells that serve as the primary site for nutrient digestion and mucosal absorption.

A

杯細胞(さかずき)

2199
Q

separate

A

隔てる

2200
Q

tight junction

A

密着結合

2201
Q

claudin

A

クローディン

2202
Q

occludin

A

オクルディン

2203
Q

adherens junction

A

接着結合

2204
Q

desmosome

A

デスモソーム

2205
Q

hemidesmosome

A

ヘミデスモソーム

2206
Q

cadaherin

A

カドヘリン

2207
Q

homozygous

A

ホモ接合体

2208
Q

lens vesicle

A

水晶体胞(目のレンズの原基meaning primordial cell)

2209
Q

keratin filament

A

ケラチンフィラメント

2210
Q

gap junction

A

ギャップ結合

2211
Q

connexon

A

コネクソン

2212
Q

rods and cones

A

桿体と錐体(かんたい と すいたい)

2213
Q

renewal

A

更新

2214
Q

support base

A

支持基盤

2215
Q

endothelial cells

A

内皮細胞

2216
Q

electrically insulated schwann cells

A

電気絶縁性シュワン細胞

2217
Q

osteoclast

A

破骨(溶骨)細胞

2218
Q

spleen

A

脾臓

2219
Q

ionizing radiation

A

電離放射線

2220
Q

exfoliate, detatch

A

剥離

2221
Q

differentiated cells

A

分化した細胞

2222
Q

progenitor cells

A

前駆細胞

2223
Q

dead end

A

袋小路(ふくろこうじ)

2224
Q

self-renewal

A

自己再生

2225
Q

proliferative

A

増殖性

2226
Q

crypt

A

陰窩(いんか)

2227
Q

hematopoiesis

A

造血

2228
Q

Wnt protein

A

Wntタンパク質

2229
Q

T lymphocyte

A

Tリンパ球

2230
Q

B lymphocyte

A

Bリンパ球

2231
Q

eosinophil

A

好酸球

2232
Q

basophil

A

好塩基球

2233
Q

neutrophil

A

好中球

2234
Q

monocyte

A

単球

2235
Q

megakaryocyte

A

巨核球

2236
Q

embryonic stem cell

A

胚性幹細胞(ES細胞)

2237
Q

pluripotent

A

多能性

2238
Q

immunorejection

A

免疫拒絶反応

2239
Q

ethical issues

A

倫理的懸念(りんり)

2240
Q

ethics

A

倫理

2241
Q

induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS cells)

A

人工多能性幹細胞

2242
Q

organoid

A

オルガノイド

2243
Q

benign

A

良性

2244
Q

malignant

A

悪性

2245
Q

metastasis

A

転移

2246
Q

epidemiology

A

疫学

2247
Q

human papilloma virus (HPV)

A

ヒトパピローマウイルス

2248
Q

subtype

A

亜型(あがた)

2249
Q

smoking

A

喫煙

2250
Q

mutagen

A

変異原

2251
Q

passenger mutation…those which do not alter fitness but occurred in a cell that coincidentally or subsequently acquired a driver mutation

A

パッセンジャー変異

2252
Q

driver mutation

A

ドライバー変異

2253
Q

genetic instability

A

遺伝的不安定性

2254
Q

karyotype

A

核型

2255
Q

infest, spread

A

はびこる

2256
Q

promote, foster

A

助長(じょちょう)

2257
Q

DNA damage response

A

DNA損傷応答

2258
Q

cellular aging/senescence

A

細胞老化

2259
Q

telomerase

A

テロメラーゼ

2260
Q

deficiency of oxygen

A

酸素欠乏状態

2261
Q

microenvironment

A

微小環境

2262
Q

become cancerous

A

がん化

2263
Q

oncogene

A

がん遺伝子

2264
Q

tumor suppressor gene

A

がん抑制遺伝子

2265
Q

proto-oncogene

A

がん原遺伝子

2266
Q

epigenetic alteration

A

エピジェネティックな変化

2267
Q

mediate

A

媒介

2268
Q

insufficient/excess

A

過少・過剰

2269
Q

colon

A

結腸

2270
Q

rectum

A

直腸

2271
Q

cancer predisposition

A

がん素因

2272
Q

findings

A

知見

2273
Q

invasive cancer

A

浸潤性がん

2274
Q

primary tumour

A

原発腫瘍

2275
Q

killer lymphocyte

A

キラーリンパ球

2276
Q

sulfhydryl group

A

スルフヒドリル基

2277
Q

sedation

A

鎮静

2278
Q

analgesia

A

鎮痛

2279
Q

euphoria

A

陶酔(とうすい)

2280
Q

cornea

A

角膜

2281
Q

critical point

A

臨界点…気相 - 液相間の相転移が起こりうる温度および圧力の上限である。気体の温度を臨界点以下にしない限り、どれだけ圧縮しても気体は決して液化しない。また、臨界点より高い圧力の下では、どんなに加熱しても液体は決して沸騰しない。

2282
Q

exclusive

A

排他的。。。特定の人間、組織、主義主張だけを優遇して他を退けるという意味のことである。

2283
Q

myoblast

A

筋芽細胞

2284
Q

aneuploidy

A

異数体

2285
Q

fertility treatment

A

不妊治療

2286
Q

considerable number

A

相当数

2287
Q

Codominance

A

共顕性

2288
Q

genetic locus

A

遺伝子座

2289
Q

disease phenotype

A

疾患表現型

2290
Q

deposition

A

沈着

2291
Q

cubical epithelium

A

立方上皮

2292
Q

columnar epithelium

A

円柱上皮

2293
Q

squamous epithelium

A

扁平上皮

2294
Q

lose

A

喪失(そうしつ)

2295
Q

number a list of things/enumerate

A

列挙

2296
Q

internal disturbance

A

内部かく乱

2297
Q

family tree

A

系図

2298
Q

precancerous lesion

A

前がん病変

2299
Q

uniform

A

一様

2300
Q

alternative

A

代替(だいたい)

2301
Q

RNA transcript

A

転写産物RNA