Transition Elements: Properties Flashcards
1
Q
what are transition elements?
A
- d-block elements that have an ion with an incomplete d sub shell(partially filled)
2
Q
what is a d block element?
A
- an element that has its highest energy electron in d subshell
3
Q
what elements in the d block cannot be transition elements?
A
- scandium
- zinc
4
Q
why can’t scandium be a transition element?
A
- scandium does not form ions with partially filled d orbitals
- d sub shell is completely empty
5
Q
why can’t zinc be a transition element?
A
- zinc does not form ions with partially filled d orbitals
- the d subshell is completely full
6
Q
what are the three main properties of transition elements?
A
- form coloured compounds
- elements and their compounds act as catalysts
- form compounds, in which the transition element has different oxidation states
7
Q
why can transition elements be catalysts?
A
- provide a good surface area on which the reaction can take place
8
Q
what are example of transition elements as catalyts?
A
- Haber Process = iron metal catalyst
- Contact process = V2O5 catalyst
- hydrogenation of alkenes: = nickel metal catalyst
- decomposition of hydrogen peroxide = MnO2(managanese dioxide)
- Zn with acids = Cu2+, copper sulfate
9
Q
what are the exceptions involved in the electronic configurations of transition elements?
A
- chromium
- copper
10
Q
what is the electronic configuration of chromium?
A
1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,3d5,4s1
11
Q
what is the electronic configuration of copper?
A
1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,3d10,4s1
