Orders, rate equations and rate constants Flashcards
what is the rate of reaction?
measured by observing changes in the quantities of reactants and products over time
what is rate?
change in the concentration of reactants and products in a given time
what is the order of reaction?
tells us how the rate of reaction will be affected if you change the concentration of a reactant
- each reaction has its own order
what is meant when the order of the reaction is zero?
when you double the concentration of a reactant the rate stays the same
what is meant when the order of the reaction is one?
when you double the concentration of a reactant the rate also doubles
what is meant when the order of the reaction is two?
when you double the concentration of a reactant the rate quadruples
how is the order of a reactant written?
[A] to the power of m
[B] to the power of n
what is the relationship between rate of reaction and concentration of a reactant?
rate of reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of a reactant raised to the power of its order
what is the directly proportional equation for zero order?
rate ∝ [A]0
what is the directly proportional equation for one order?
rate ∝ [A]1
what is the directly proportional equation for two order?
rate ∝ [A]2
what is the rate equation?
rate = k[A]m[B]n
what is the overall order?
sum of all the orders of all the different reactants
how can we work out the order of reactants in a reaction?
- can only be done experimentally by monitoring a reaction over time
- changing the concentration of the reactants one at a time
what must stay constant when working out the order of reactants in a reaction?
- the concentration of the other reactant
- all reaction conditions
