Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 12 > Transfer of things > Flashcards

Transfer of things Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why is the fluid mosaic model called that?

A

Because of the proteins scattered throughout the plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Do phospholipids arrange themselves in a bilayer spontaneously?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the types of lipids in a plasma membrane?

A

phospholipids
glycolipids
cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the difference between glycolipids and phospholipids?

A

Glycolipids have a variety of sugars formed together to form a carbohydrate chain instead of a hydrophilic head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What reduces the permeability of the membrane to most biological molecules?

A

cholesterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What kind are the proteins in a membrane ?

A

peripheral proteins or integral proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is a peripheral protein located?

A

Inner or outer layer of phospholipid bilayer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is an integral protein located

A

embedded in whole phospholipid bilayer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What one has a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic body: peripheral protein or integral protein?

A

integral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What kind of protein are many integral proteins

A

glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do glycoproteins have?

A

Attached carbohydrate chain that projects externally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is the plasma membrane symmetrical?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where to the chains of glycolipids and proteins occur and attach

A

occur on outside surface of cytofilaments

attach on outside surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

At room temperature what consistency does the phospholipid bilayer have?

A

like olive oil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How does the phospholipid molecule move?

A

Hydrocarbon tails wiggle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Are proteins free to drift in fluid bilayer?

A

some are

others are held in place by cytoskeletal filaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What determine a membranes specific function?

A

integral proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do channel proteins transport something?

A

Through it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How does a carrier protein transport something?

A

Combines with a substance to help it move across

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How do receptor proteins transport things?

A

Has specific shape that allows it to bond with a specific molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do enzymatic proteins do?

A

Carry out metabolic reactions directly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do peripheral proteins often have a role in?

A

Structural role

They help stabilize the shape of the plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does cholesterol control

A

fluidity

act to stiffen the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do receptor proteins do?

A

bind substances in the environment and trigger cell responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What direction on the concentration gradient odes passive transport move?

A

High to low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What drives passive mechanisms

A

random kinetic energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What kind of transport if diffusion an example of

A

passive transport

28
Q

What does active transfer require?

A

carrier protein

29
Q

How does active transport move cell products?

A

Through vesicle formation

30
Q

What Is exocytosis?

A

Vesicle mediated transport out of the cell

31
Q

What is endocytosis?

A

Vesicle mediated transport into the cell

32
Q

What is pinocytosis?

A

Cell drinking

33
Q

What is phagocytosis?

A

cell eating

34
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of molecules from and area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

35
Q

What can diffuse freely across cell membrane?

A

lipid soluble molecules, gases, and some water soluble molecules

36
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Diffusion of water across a semi permeable membrane

37
Q

What is and what causes osmotic pressure?

A

Force that causes water to move in a direction

due to number of non-diffusible particles in solutions

38
Q

What happens in hypotonic solutions?

A

cell swells and bursts

39
Q

What happens in hypertonic solutions?

A

cell shrinks

40
Q

What happens in isotonic solutions?

A

no change

41
Q

What is receptor-mediated?

A

Specific kind of pinocytosis which occurs in response to receptor stimulation

42
Q

Can macromolecules diffuse across the plasma membrane?

A

no, too big

43
Q

Can ions and charged molecules diffuse across membrane?

A

no, can’t enter the hydrophobic phase of the lipid bilayer

44
Q

Can non-charged molecules (oxygen and alcohols) pass through the membrane?

A

yes
are lipid soluble
can slip in between the hydrophobic heads of the phospholipids

45
Q

Can small polar molecules (CO2 H2O) cross the membrane?

A

yes, follow the concentration gradients

46
Q

Are carrier proteins specific to the substance they carry across?

A

yes

47
Q

How does facilitated transport move things ?

A

from high on the concentration gradient to low

48
Q

What are the passive methods of transport?

A

diffusion

facilitated transport

49
Q

What are the active ways to cross a membrane?

A

include active transport, endocytosis, exocytosis

50
Q

What is tonicity?

A

Strength of a solution in relationship to osmosis

51
Q

What is lysis?

A

term refers to disrupted cells

52
Q

What is hemolysis?

A

rupture of RBCs

53
Q

What is turgor pressure?

A

created by swelling of plant cell in a hypotonic solution

54
Q

What is turgor pressor important to?

A

plant’s erect position

55
Q

What happens when a plant is placed in a hypotonic solution?

A

cytoplasm expands

56
Q

What is crenation?

A

Shrinkage of cells when surrounding solution is hypertonic to cytoplasm

57
Q

What is plasmolysis?

A

shrinking of cytoplasm due to osmosis

58
Q

What explains the passage of amino acids and glucose (they are not lipid soluble) across membrane?

A

facilitated transport

59
Q

What are proteins that are involved in active transport often called?

A

pumps

60
Q

What do pumps do?

A

use energy to move a substance against concentration gradient

61
Q

What does the sodium potassium pump do?

A

Moves sodium ions outside of cell and potassium ions inside the cell

62
Q

What cells is the sodium potassium pump exceptionally active?

A

nerve and muscle cells

63
Q

What allows the carrier to combine alternately with sodium and potassium in a sodium potassium pump?

A

change in carrier shape

64
Q

What is diffused when NA+ is pumped across the membrane?

A

Cl-

65
Q

Factors that effect rate of diffusion?

A 
size
shape
concentration
charge 
lipid solubility 
temperature

Biology 12 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions