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Prosthetics > Transfemoral/Hip Prosthesis components > Flashcards

Transfemoral/Hip Prosthesis components Flashcards

1
Q

can you end weight bear with a knee disarticulation

A

yes
*also allows for more ROM

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2
Q

what are removed with knee disarticulations

A

femoral condyles

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3
Q

Van Ness Rotationplasty (VNRP)

A

tibia is attached to femur and rotated 180 degrees for ankle to act as knee

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4
Q

VNRPs are typically seen in pts with…

A

sarcoma of distal femur

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5
Q

what is the advantage to a VNRP? disadvantage?

A

it is very functional but not cosmetically appealing

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6
Q

2 socket designs for above knee

A

quadrilateral and ischial containment

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7
Q

what are two general goals for above knee prosthetics

A

1 - achieve M/L stability
2 - knee stability and security

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8
Q

ischial containment creates more of a _______ effect

A

cupping

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9
Q

which gives you more M/L and rotational control… quadrilateral or ischial containment

A

ischial c

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10
Q

quadrilateral socket gives compression on the _____ portion of the residual limb

A

anterior
*helps keep ischium where it needs to be

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11
Q

where does the pt sit with a quadrilateral socket

A

posterior shelf

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12
Q

with a quadrilateral socket, what do you rely on for control

A

muscles, there is no bony lock

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13
Q

how does a quadrilateral socket control rotation

A

by restricting muscle and tendon movement

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14
Q

the medial wall of a quadrilateral socket has a relief area for…

A

adductor longus tendon

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15
Q

the posterior wall of a quadrilateral socket has a relief area for…

A

glute max and hamstring tendon

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16
Q

the anterior wall of a quadrilateral socket has relief area for…

A

rectus femoris

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17
Q

what is the purpose of the lateral wall of a quadrilateral socket

A

to wrap around the trochanter

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18
Q

which one contains more limb volume… quad or ischial containment

A

ischial c

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19
Q

which one is usually preferred by pts… quad or ischial containment

A

ischial c

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20
Q

T or F: ischial containment sockets often include a flexible liner for comfort

A

T

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21
Q

the posteiror wall of ischial containment socket has a relief area for….

A

glute max

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22
Q

3 structural goals of a prosthesis

A

1 - structural support for skeletal system
2 - transfer support forces through soft tissue to femur
3 - stabilizes the femur into the hip in a natural position for posture and force

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23
Q

The medial lock of ischial containment socket contains and supports _________. The lateral lock supports ______ and maintains _____ control

A

ischial tuberosity
sub-trochanter
femoral

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24
Q

4 T’s of socket design/conform

A

1 - total contact
2 - total contouring
3 - total control
4 - total comfort

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25
Q

A shorter prosthetic allows for more ________

A

stability

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26
Q

what is the standard height for bilateral transtibial prosthesis and why?

A

18 inches b/c that is standard chair height

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27
Q

generally, above knee sockets are aligned in _______ degrees of hip adduction and ______ degrees of hip flexion

A

10
5
*add 5 deg to hip flexion contracture

28
Q

what is the max hip flexion contracture that can typically be accommodated for?

A

30*

29
Q

why is it extremely important to put hip flexion into the socket? (2)

A

1 - assist with weight bearing
2 - ensure TKA line is in front of knee

30
Q

T or F: K-1 level can have a rotator

A

F: have to be K2 or above

31
Q

What can a lack of hip flexion in the socket cause (3)

A

1) knee instability
2) inability to take proper length step
3) limited time on prosthesis

32
Q

Too high of a heel will cause what?

A

knee buckling

33
Q

T or F: adjustments to the knee of a prosthesis can be made

A

T

34
Q

What are some pt-related reasons for prosthetic knee failure

A

1 - activity level has changed
2 - weight or activity has increased since initial fitting
3 - pt does not meet criterial for design and function of the knee

35
Q

Why is it important for pts to follow up with prosthetist regularly?

A

because a prothesis is a piece of equipment and that equipment needs to be properly maintains. sometimes it fails.

36
Q

Manual locking knees are used for what K-levels?

A

1 or 2

37
Q

How does a manual locking knee work

A

The pt must manually unlock the knee to sit. If they fall, the knee will not collapse under them

38
Q

What is the standard height for bilateral transfemoral prostheses

A

24 inches

39
Q

What K-levels are friction knees for?

A

1 or 2

40
Q

Friction setting allows for ______ walking speed.

A

one

41
Q

T or F: friction plates require regular maintenance and replacement

A

T: they wear

42
Q

Weight activated stance control knees are for what k-levels

A

1,2,3

43
Q

this knee provides added stability during a misstep or on uneven surfaces

A

weight activated stance control

44
Q

on a weight activated knee, a braking mechanism locks the knee during ______ phase

A

stance

45
Q

What is the most popular knee fit in the US?

A

weight activated stance control

46
Q

are polycentric or single axis knees more stable at heel strike

A

polycentric

47
Q

________ knees shorten during swing

A

polycentric
*easy to initiate swing

48
Q

is polycentric or single axis cheaper? which is heavier?

A

single axis
polycentric

49
Q

How is stability achieved in a polycentric knee

A

the location of the “instant center” at full extension

50
Q

hydraulic swing and stance (SNS) knees

A

provide hydraulic control during both stance and swing

51
Q

what k-levels are hydraulic swing and stance knees for

A

3 and 4

52
Q

This knee provides resistance to flex/ext during swing and stance and can provide stumble recovery and ability to walk down stairs/ramps

A

hydraulic swing and stance

53
Q

in microprocessor knees, when weight is put on the toe the knee ______ and when weight is put on the heel the knee _______

A

flexes
extends

54
Q

what k-levels are microprocessor knees for

A

3-4
*maybe 2

55
Q

this knee provides max cadence response over a wide range of functional applications

A

microprocessor

56
Q

disadvantages of microprocessor knee

A

1 - expensive
2 - maintenance is crucial
3 - charging

57
Q

axillary suspension is often needed as a secondary to a suction prosthesis in pts who have…

A

volume fluctuations

58
Q

what is an advantage to a liner with suction/lanyard?

A

pts can put it on while sitting as long as they have the dexterity

59
Q

where is the static evaluation for a prosthetic completed

A

in parallel bars

60
Q

the medial wall and brim of the socket should contain all of the ____ tissues

A

adductor

61
Q

the posterior wall of the socket should contain (3)

A

ischial tub
pubic ramus
portion of glute max

62
Q

the lateral wall of the socket should have relief wall over the….

A

greater trochanter
allows for snug fit against glute med

63
Q

transpelvic and hip disarticulations are primarily due to what?

A

cancer

64
Q

in hip disarticulations, a 3D hip joint is used with what prosthesis

A

C-leg

65
Q

how do amputees assist with hip flexion during gait?

A

lumbar posterior tilt

66
Q

when checking AKA prosthetic fit, the medial wall and brim should contain all of the….

A

medial adductor tissues

67
Q

when checking AKA prosthetic fit, the posterior wall should contain the….

A

ischial tub, public ramus, and a portion of glute max.

Prosthetics (12 decks)

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