Gait Deviations Flashcards
What causes knee hyperextension IC to MS
heel too soft; posterior leaning pylon; socket not flexed enough or displaced posterior relative to foot; poor control
What causes knee instability IC to MS
heel too stiff; DF foot, anteiror leaning pylon, anterior-distal pain or poor tolerance for loading in early stance phase
What causes toe out IC to PS
too much ER of the prosthetic foot relative to the line of progression; the individuals hip is ER during ambulation
What corrects toe out IC to PS
IR the prosthetic foot; retrain the individual
What causes wide base gait/valgus MS
The socket is excessively abducted relative to the anatomical position of the individual’s residual limb; The prosthetic foot is aligned with excessive inversion
What corrects wide based gait/valgus
Reduce the amount of abduction in the prosthetic socket; Reduce the amount of inversion at the ankle
What causes narrow based bait/varus-lateral thrust of prosthesis MS
The socket is excessively abductive relative to the anatomical position of the individual’s residual limb, the prosthetic foot is aligned with excessive eversion
What corrects narrow based gait/varus-lateral thrust of prothesis MS
reduce the amount of abduction in the prosthetic socket; reduce the amount of eversion at the ankle
What causes knee hyperextension MS to PS
forefoot too stiff, aligned in PF, long toe level, inadequate training
What causes knee instability MS to PS
forefoot too soft or aligned in excessive DF; insifficient foot length
What causes lateral side bend IC to MS
prosthetic foot is outset greater than one inch; prosthesis too short; medial socket wall too high; insufficient socket adduction; amputee sensitivity; poor balance/insifficient residual limb for stability; weak abductors; painful residual limb
What corrects lateral side bend IC to MS
inset the prosthetic foot; adjust prosthetic length issues; correct the adduction angle during static alignment or re-fabricate the socket
What causes medial whip
knee axis of the prosthesis is in excessive ER; prosthesis is donned in ER; socket too tight or too loose
what corrects medial whip
adjust the knee axis by IR until whip is resolved; re-don prosthesis without ER
What causes lateral whip
knee axis of the prosthesis is in excessive IR; prosthesis donned in IR; socket too tight or loose
What corrects lateral whip
adjust the knee axis by ER until whip resolved; re-donn with IR
what causes excessive heel rise
prosthetic knee flexion resistance is inadequate for the patient
what corrects excessive heel rise
increase the prosthetic knee flexion resistance according to the manufactuerer’s directions
What causes circumduction
prosthetic knee flexion resistance is too great for patient; prosthetic knee flexion is limited for some reason; avoidance mech developed when the medial brim of the socket causes pain during swing phase; prosthesis is too long; Pt may lack confidence and not flex at the knee; stance control leg may not be stable
what corrects circumduction
decrease knee flexion resistance; increase socket flexion if possible or refabricate the prosthesis; check brim of socket and remove inappropriate contours as necessary; make sure pelvis is level
What causes vaulting
prosthesis too long or inadequate socket suspension; excessive knee unit resistance; inappropriate gait or inadequate training
what corrects vaulting
check length of prosthesis/pelvis should be level; adjust knee unit resistance; instruct the individual about correct gait
What causes Unequal step length; excessively short should side step length - often see uneven arm swing too
habitual gait pattern - poor or inadequate training and fear of putting weight on prosthesis; inadequate heel off; prosthetic socket has been modified with insufficient socket flexion
What corrects Unequal step length; excessively short should side step length - often see uneven arm swing too
adjust the socket to include greater fleion; instruct the individual in proper gait patterns
what causes pistoning
socket is too large for the individual; susoension is inadequate
what corrects pistoning
modify the existing socket or suspension system; adjust the fit through prosthetic socks; refabricate the prosthetic socket
what causes foot slap IC to LR
PF resistance too soft; foot too far anterior (short heel lever), poor control
what causes foot ER at IC
foot too ER, socket fit
What causes abducted gait during stance
prosthesis too long, high medial wall, abduction contracture, painful residual limb
What happens in toe out
What Happens: The forefoot of the prosthesis is externally rotated relative to the line of progression, thereby shortening the toe lever of the prosthesis causing the individual to pass over the forefoot too quickly
What is a consequence of wide based gait/valgus
Consequence: Excessive pressure at the proximal lateral brim
What is a consequence of narrow based gait/varus-lateral thrust of prosthesis
Consequence: excessive pressure at the medial proximal and distal lateral brim
