transcription factor Flashcards
importnace of promotor region
the change in shape of the TF allows binding of TF, which binds to the promotor region. controlling expression of gene. binding of TF my activate or repress gene (turn on or off).
DNA methylation
addition of a methyl group to the cytosine base of DNA. Blocks transcription → gene gets turned OFF.
Methylation makes the DNA structure more compact.
This stops RNA polymerase and transcription factors from binding.
transcription factors
What are they?
Proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences (like promoters or enhancers) to turn genes ON or OFF.
🔹 What do they do?
They recruit RNA polymerase to start transcription, or they block it.
🔹 How?
Activator transcription factors → increase transcription
Repressor transcription factors → decrease transcription
🔹 Is it permanent?