Transcription And Translation

Question 0

What name is given to the process in which the information encoded in a strand of mRNA is used to construct a protein?

Answer 0

Translation

Question 1

What name is given to the process in which one strand of DNA is used as a template to manufacture a strand of pre-mRNA

Answer 1

Transcription

Question 2

What name is given to the process in which pre-mRNA is edited into mature mRNA

Answer 2

RNA processing

Question 3

Polypeptide polymers are assembled from which set of monomers?

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

The direction of synthesis of an RNA transcript is

Answer 4

5’ to 3’

Question 5

During mRNA processing a ________ is added to the 5’ end of the mRNA

Answer 5

Modified guanine nucleotide (cap)

Question 6

During mRNA processing a_______ is added to the 3’ end of mRNA

Answer 6

Long string of adenine nucleotides (poly a tail)

Question 7

Spliceosomes are composed of

Answer 7

SnRNPs and snRNA

Question 8

mRNA coding segments that are joined to one another by spliceosomes are _____

Answer 8

Exons

Question 9

Translation occurs in the _____

Answer 9

Cytoplasm

Question 10

What enzyme catalyzes the attachment of an amino acid to tRNA ?

Answer 10

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

Question 11

The first amino acid of a polypeptide chain is always…?

Answer 11

Methionine

Question 12

The flow of information in a cell goes from….?

Answer 12

From DNA to RNA to protein

Question 13

The information carried by a DNA molecule is in…?

Answer 13

Order of the nucleotides in the molecule

Question 14

Which enzyme catalyzes transcription

Answer 14

RNA polymerase

Question 15

How does RNA polymerase know where to start transcribing a gene into mRNA?

Answer 15

It starts at a certain DNA nucleotide sequence promoter

Question 16

Transcription occurs in the _____

Answer 16

Nucleus

Question 17

The non-coding regions of mRNA that are removed during mRNA processing are called?

Answer 17

Introns

Question 18

What molecule links an organisms genotype to its phenotype?

Answer 18

Proteins

Question 19

RNA differs from DNA because? (Examples)

Answer 19

It contains ribose sugar, uses base uracil, single stranded, multiple types with diverse functions

Question 20

mRNA processing acts to…? Examples

Answer 20

Prevent degradation of mRNA, single ribosome bonding to initiate translation, enable one gene to encode for multiple polypeptide products

Question 21

Ribosomal subunits are synthesized in the ______?

Answer 21

Nucleolus

Question 22

Only one DNA strand is transcribed to mRNA using RNA polymerase during?

Answer 22

Transcription