Trait Evolution

Question 1

Bryophytes evolved when

Answer 1

430 MYA

Question 2

SVPs evolved when

Answer 2

360-400 MYA

Question 3

Gymnosperms evolved when

Answer 3

240-360 MYA

Question 4

Angiosperms evolved when

Answer 4

140-200 MYA

Question 5

Chlorophyta on

Answer 5

Chlorophyll a and b, starch

Question 6

Clorophyceae only

Answer 6

Phycoplast

Question 7

Charophyceae on

Answer 7

Phragmoblast, cellulose, oogamy w/retained egg

Question 8

Bryophytes on

Answer 8

Archegonia w/embryo, short-lived sporophyte, sporic lifecycle

Question 9

Bryophyta only

Answer 9

Hydroids and leptoids

Question 10

SVPs on

Answer 10

Lignin, stomata, protostele, cuticle, sporophyte dominance

Question 11

Selleginella only

Answer 11

Siphonostele, heterospory

Question 12

Equisetophyta on

Answer 12

Siphonostele, true leaves

Question 13

Equisetophyta only

Answer 13

Eustele, heterospory

Question 14

Pteridophyta only

Answer 14

Eustele, heterospory

Question 15

Gymnosperms on

Answer 15

Eustele, secondary growth, seed, spore retention, pollen grain, heterospory

Question 16

Lycadophyta only

Answer 16

Insect pollination

Question 17

Gnetophyta on

Answer 17

Vessel elements, double fertilization

Question 18

Ephedra only

Answer 18

Insect pollination

Question 19

Angiosperms on

Answer 19

Animal seed dispersal, endosperm, embryo sac, insect pollination, flower, carpel

Question 20

Monocotyledons evolved when

Answer 20

70 MYA

Question 21

Monocotyledons on

Answer 21

Single cotyledon, lose secondary growth