Stems and Leaves

Question 1

Major functions of stems

Answer 1

Support, transport, storage, photosynthesis

Question 2

Determines the pattern of tissues and organs in the plant

Answer 2

Shoot tip

Question 3

Concentric cylinders vascular arrangement

Answer 3

Ring of xylem and a ring of phloem in concentric circles

Question 4

Name for the vascular cylinders of both xylem and phloem in concentric arrangement

Answer 4

Stele

Question 5

Ring of vascular bundles arrangement

Answer 5

Ring of bundles of xylem inside and phloem outside

Question 6

Name for area between 2 vascular bundles in ring arrangement

Answer 6

Interfascicular region

Question 7

Scattered vascular bundles

Answer 7

Xylem and phloem bundles scattered and randomly oriented

Question 8

Copies of SAM at junction of leaf and stem

Answer 8

Axillary buds

Question 9

Horizontally oriented stem functioning in asexual reproduction

Answer 9

Stolon

Question 10

Modified stem that has twining shoots that coil and attach to objects

Answer 10

Tendrils

Question 11

Modified stem into a spiny protruberance

Answer 11

Thorns

Question 12

Whole stem modified for water storage

Answer 12

Succulent stems

Question 13

Flattened, photosynthetic stem that can break off for asexual repo

Answer 13

Cladodes/cladophylls

Question 14

Underground modded stem that never elongates, highly condensed nodes, and fleshy leaves

Answer 14

Bulbs

Question 15

Underground modded stem that’s horizontal, near or below surface

Answer 15

Rhizome

Question 16

Underground modded stem that’s vertical, for storage and asexual repo

Answer 16

Corm

Question 17

Underground modded stem that’s the swollen tip of a stolon, for storage and asex

Answer 17

Tuber

Question 18

Plant part that attaches leaf to stem

Answer 18

Petiole

Question 19

Word for a leaf with no petiole

Answer 19

Cessile

Question 20

Plant part that attaches leaflets of a leaf

Answer 20

Petiolule

Question 21

Node where leaflets attach

Answer 21

Rachis

Question 22

Compound leaf where all leaflets arise from common point

Answer 22

Palmate

Question 23

Compound leaf where leaflets arise from several locations on elongated rachis

Answer 23

Pinnate

Question 24

Word for the arrangement of leaves

Answer 24

Phyllotaxis

Question 25

3 types of Phyllotaxis

Answer 25

Opposite Alternate Whorled

Question 26

Palisade Mesophyll

Answer 26

1-cell thick, columnar, upper side of leaf, many chloroplasts

Question 27

Spongy Mesophyll

Answer 27

Irregular cells with 70% of the space in region empty to facilitate CO2 diffusion

Question 28

Ring of parenchyma around vascular bundle

Answer 28

Bundle sheath

Question 29

Leaf in sun

Answer 29

Smaller, thicker cuticles, more palisade Mesophyll

Question 30

Shade leaf

Answer 30

Bigger, thinner, thinner palisade, maybe chloroplasts in epidermis

Question 31

Leaf morphology adapted to neither extreme

Answer 31

Mesophytes

Question 32

Leaf morphology adapted to extreme dry

Answer 32

Xerophytes

Question 33

Leaf morphology adapted to wet/underwater

Answer 33

Hydrophytes

Question 34

Xerophyte characteristics

Answer 34

Small thick leaves, large vacuoles, stomates in pits, much support to prevent dessication

Question 35

Hydrophyte characteristics

Answer 35

Thin, large surface area, no cuticle, lack stomata or stomata on top, less developed parenchyma

Question 36

Modded leaf for storage

Answer 36

Storage leaves

Question 37

Modded leaf into sharp protuberance

Answer 37

Spine

Question 38

Leaf mods for protecting SAM

Answer 38

Bud scales, bracts

Question 39

Modded leaves for better floral display

Answer 39

Attractive leaves

Question 40

Modded leaves for climbing(same name as stem)

Answer 40

Tendrils

Question 41

Modded leaves for trapping water or bugs

Answer 41

Trap leaves

Question 42

Modded leaves for reproduction

Answer 42

Reproductive leaves

Question 43

Hormones that stimulate abscission

Answer 43

Auxin, ethylene

Question 44

Two layers of abscission zone

Answer 44

Separation | Protection

Question 45

Major functions of leaves

Answer 45

Photosynthesis Gas exchange Storage Vegetative propagation