Plant Growth and Development

Question 1

Non-vascular plants

Answer 1

Lack xylem and phloem, ex. moss

Question 2

Seedless vascular plants

Answer 2

Reproduce with spores, found in moist environments, ex. ferns

Question 3

Gymnosperms

Answer 3

Have non-coated seeds, ex. conifers

Question 4

Angiosperms

Answer 4

Flowering plants with coated seeds

Question 5

Monocots/monocotyledons definition and characteristics

Answer 5

Has a single cotelydon in seeds
Petals in multiples of 3
Fibrous roots
Scattered vasculature
Parallel leaf veins
No secondary growth

Question 6

Dicots/dicotyledons definition and characteristics

Answer 6

Seeds contain 2 cotyledons.
Petals in multiples of 4/5
Taproot
Vasculature in ring 
Netted leaf veins
Secondary growth

Question 7

Epicotyl

Answer 7

Region above cotelydon

Question 8

Hypocotyl

Answer 8

Region below cotyledon, above root axis

Question 9

Pericarp

Answer 9

Seed coat

Question 10

Endosperm

Answer 10

Provides nutrition for plant embryo

Question 11

Seed definition

Answer 11

Embryo, endosperm, and coat

Question 12

Embryo definition

Answer 12

Contains every part that isn’t endosperm or coat

Question 13

Scutellum

Answer 13

Monocot cotyledon, specialized for absorbing endosperm (thinner, large surface area)

Question 14

Cotyledon

Answer 14

Embryonic leaf

Question 15

Embryonic shoot

Answer 15

Plumule

Question 16

Embryonic root

Answer 16

Radicle

Question 17

Monocot cotyledon

Answer 17

Scutellum

Question 18

Structure that protects plumule

Answer 18

Coleoptile

Question 19

Structure that protects radicle

Answer 19

Coleorhiza

Question 20

Meristematic

Answer 20

Remains embryonic

Question 21

The meristematic regions

Answer 21

RAM-Root Apical Meristem

SAM-Shoot Apical Meristem

Question 22

Becomes the vascular tissue

Answer 22

Procambium

Question 23

Becomes epidermis

Answer 23

Protoderm

Question 24

Becomes ground tissue

Answer 24

Ground meristem

Question 25

Dormancy

Answer 25

Seed in stasis, needs cues to grow

Question 26

Seed banks

Answer 26

Seeds lying dormant in soil

Question 27

Seedling order of development

Answer 27

Radicle emerges first | Shoot emerges and protects SAM

Question 28

Type of growth in plants

Answer 28

Indeterminate growth

Question 29

Clonal replicates of SAM

Answer 29

Axillary buds

Question 30

Responsible for secondary growth

Answer 30

Lateral meristems

Question 31

Found in monocots, for growth of stems and leaves

Answer 31

Intercalary meristem

Question 32

Meristem Initials

Answer 32

Divide slowly and carefully

Question 33

Meristem Derivatives

Answer 33

Divide faster

Question 34

SAM Orginazation

Answer 34

Protoderm, ground meristem, procambium, ground meristem

Question 35

Quiescent center

Answer 35

In RAM, slowly dividing initials