training principles

Question 1

training

Answer 1

process of preparing an athlete for the highest level of performance

Question 2

what are the objectives of training

Answer 2

1. exploitation of principles of physics, physiology, psychology
2. optimisation of training

Question 3

what are some examples of the theory and methodology of training

Answer 3

anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, statistics, sports medicine, psychology, motor learning, pedagogy, nutrition, history, sociology

Question 4

immediate training effects

Answer 4

1. increased heart rate
2. increased fatigue
3. decreased Pcr
4. decreased glycogen levels

Question 5

delayed training effects

Answer 5

1. increased training load
2. increased delay but increase in positive effects

Question 6

specificity

Answer 6

training in a specific way to produce target results ( metabolic, mechanical, muscle group)

Question 7

S.A.I.D principle

Answer 7

specific adaptations to imposed demands

Question 8

principe of specificity

Answer 8

degree of similarity between exercise used in training and performance

Question 9

exercise specificity

Answer 9

contractile characteristics, movement characteristics, muscle groups activated

Question 10

overload

Answer 10

a greater than normal stress on demand placed upon a physiological system resulting in an increase in strength or function

Question 11

what are the methods for applying overload

Answer 11

1. intensity
2. frequency
3. duration
4. volume

Question 12

alarm phase

Answer 12

initial phase when stimulus is first recognised and performance decrease due to fatigue

Question 13

resistance phase

Answer 13

adaptation occurs and the system is returned to baseline or above baseline

Question 14

super compensation phase

Answer 14

new level of performance capacity that occurs in response to adaptive responses

Question 15

overtraining phase

Answer 15

if stressors are too high, performance can be further suppressed and overtraining can occur

Question 16

variation

Answer 16

manipulation of specific training variables ( exercises, volume, intensity, rest interval, duration

Question 17

progression

Answer 17

alternating stress to allow athlete to adapt and recover

Question 18

progressive overload

Answer 18

gradual and systematic increase in the stress or demand placed on physiological system to avoid risk of chronic fatigue injury

Question 19

individualisation

Answer 19

designing training principles based on individual needs

Question 20

what are factors impacting training

Answer 20

1. age
2. training intensity
3. health status
4. stress and recovery rate

Question 21

biological age

Answer 21

state of maturation

Question 22

chronological age

Answer 22

how old someone is

Question 23

training age

Answer 23

how many years someone has been preparing for sport

Question 24

reversibility

Answer 24

state when physiological and performance adaptations associated with training are reduced

Question 25

potential symptoms of detraining

Answer 25

1. increased dizziness and fainting
2. increased headaches
3. loss of appetite
4. increased anxiety and depression
5. increased sweating
6. gastric disturbances

Question 26

steps to prevent overtraining

Answer 26

1. use periodised training program
2. individualise training program
3. integrate recovery and restoration
4. monitor signs and symptoms of overtraining
5. educate athlete about lifestyle management
6. keep detailed training loads to track progress