cardiorespiratory fitness assessment

Question 1

cardiorespiratory fitness

Answer 1

measures of the heart’s ability to pump oxygen-rich blood to the muscles

Question 2

factors limiting VO2 max

Answer 2

1. pulmonary diffusion capacity
2. cardiac output
3. O2 carrying capacity
4. skeletal muscles

Question 2

VO2 max

Answer 2

highest rate at which O2 is consumed and utilised by the body

Question 3

cardiac output

Answer 3

how much blood moves out per heart x how many times the heart beats

Question 4

influences of heart rate

Answer 4

nervous system, hormones

Question 5

influences of stroke volume

Answer 5

blood volume, vascular resistance, pause in training

Question 6

lab tests

Answer 6

tests that take place in a lab

Question 7

benefits of lab tests

Answer 7

smaller groups for better percision

Question 8

consequences of lab tests

Answer 8

greater cost

Question 9

field tests

Answer 9

tests that take place in a field like scenario

Question 10

benefits of field tests

Answer 10

smaller cost, more time efficient

Question 11

consequences of field tests

Answer 11

smaller precision ( estimation)

Question 12

maximal test

Answer 12

athlete to exercise til failure by increasing intensity

Question 13

benefits of maximal tests

Answer 13

precision for VO2 max

Question 14

consequences of maximal tests

Answer 14

very hard, may be restricted in running a maximal test

Question 15

sub-maximal tests

Answer 15

low max intensity test

Question 16

benefits of sub-maximal tests

Answer 16

easier, more doable/preferred by general population

Question 17

consequences of sub-maximal test

Answer 17

lack of accuracy

Question 18

advantages of maximal laboratory test

Answer 18

accuracy, possible to obtain more in depth variables like RER, LT,VT

Question 19

disadvantages of maximal laboratory tests

Answer 19

increased risk to patient, more time consuming, increased knowledge and expertise required by administers

Question 20

advantages of field tests

Answer 20

easier to monitor individuals at risk of complications

Question 21

disadvantages of field tests

Answer 21

not ideal for large groups, more expensive and time consuming, decreased accuracy

Question 22

general testing guidelines

Answer 22

1. use risk stratification before initiating test
2. participant abstain from large meals close to test, strenuous exercise within 24hr, nicotine within 3hrs, alcohol within 24hr, caffeine within 12-24hrs
3. also consider medicine

Question 23

absolute contradictions to exercise

Answer 23

1. recent significant change in resting ECG
2. severe CAD: unstable angina and or acute MI
3. acute congestive heart failure
4. uncontrolled ventricular arrhythmias
5. uncontrolled atrial arrhythmias
6. aortic stenosis
7. acute infections

Question 24

relative contradictions to exercise

Answer 24

1. hyperextension
2. electrolyte abnormalities
3. fixed rate pace-maker
4. chronic infectious disease
5. neuromuscular, musculoskeletal disorders increased by exercise
6. advanced or complicated pregnancy

Question 25

graded exercise test

Answer 25

subjects exposed to progressive increments in intensity until volition exhaustion

Question 26

examples of a graded exercise test

Answer 26

cycle ergometer, treadmill, rowing machine

Question 27

procedures for a graded exercise test

Answer 27

1. measures resting heart rate and blood pressure
2. begin with GXT with 2-3min warm up
3. increase workload in modest and consistent increments at set time intervals
4. during test monitor VO2, HR, BP, RPE
5. continously communicate and monitor client’s physical appearance and symptoms
6. discontinue when test criteria are achieved or when client states that they want to leave
7. cool down
8. keep monitoring client

Question 28

examples of exercise testing equipment

Answer 28

treadmills, cycle ergometer, arm ergometer, rowing ergo

Question 29

what are indications for stopping a GXT

Answer 29

1. systolic blood pressure below 20 mmHg or fails to rise with increasing workloads
2. lighteadness, ataxia, nausea, cyanosis
3. failure of testing or monitoring equipment
4. subject request to stop

Question 30

absolute VO2

Answer 30

actual amount of oxygen utilised

Question 31

relative VO2

Answer 31

amount of oxygen used per kilogram of body mass