body composition and anthropometric assessments

Question 1

body comp

Answer 1

delineation of body mass into specific groups with particular emphasis on body mass

Question 2

android type obesity

Answer 2

majority of fat around abdomen and trunk

Question 3

Gynoid type obesity

Answer 3

majority of fat stored around the waist and hip

Question 4

what can too little body fat result in

Answer 4

infertility, depression, impaired temperature regulation, early death

Question 5

somatotypes

Answer 5

define an individual body type based on their skeletal frame and body comp

Question 6

endomorphic characteristics

Answer 6

round, fat type

Question 7

mesomorphic characteristics

Answer 7

muscular type

Question 8

ectomorphic characteristics

Answer 8

slim, linear type

Question 9

pros of Hydrostatic weighing

Answer 9

super accurate

Question 10

cons of hydrostatic weighing

Answer 10

claustrophobia, not readily avaliable

Question 11

What is hydrostatic weighing based on

Answer 11

Archimede’s principle

Question 12

air displacement therapy

Answer 12

measure amount of air displaced by the body

Question 13

advantage of DEXA

Answer 13

very subject friendly, low dose radiation

Question 14

steps to take proper measurements

Answer 14

1. take measurements on the right side
2. tester pinch skin to raise double layer and adipose tissue
3. calipers applied 1cm below and perpendicular pinch

Question 15

sources of error when taking skin folds

Answer 15

tester skill and proficiency, unreliable or uncalibrated pliers, pinching skin too tight or for too long, imprecise anatomical site

Question 16

girth measurements

Answer 16

body and limb circumference

Question 17

what is the advantage of girth measurements

Answer 17

quick, reliable, can be used on obese

Question 18

what is the disadvantage of girth measurements

Answer 18

little info about fat and non-fat components

Question 19

what is the issue with using BMI

Answer 19

BMI doesn’t differentiate between fat and non-fat weight

Question 20

what are potential causes of weight gain

Answer 20

1. energy out is less than energy in
2. genetics
3. environment
4. culture
5. medicine
6. sleep
7. hormones
8. set point theory

Question 21

impact of overweight and obesity

Answer 21

socioeconomic, mental health. morbidity and morality, cancer, sleep apnoea, fatty liver disease

Question 22

behavioural modifications for losing weight

Answer 22

keep record, plan meals, set goals, have a reward system, establish a support system, combine moderate caloric restriction with exercise