traditional and changing identities

Question 1

traditional class- scott

Answer 1

upper class practice social closure to maintain wealth

Question 2

traditional class- bourdieu

Answer 2

hidden curriculum devalues the achievements of working class students

Question 3

traditional class- saunders

Answer 3

middle class practice conspicuous consumption

Question 4

traditional class- willis

Answer 4

lads imitate their dad’s manual labour jobs and adopt anti- school, shop floor culture

Question 5

traditional class- jordan

Answer 5

underclass want to work but can’t

Question 6

traditional class- murray

Answer 6

underclass are lazy and workshy

Question 7

changing class- pakulski and waters

Answer 7

people are now defined by what they buy rather than their class

Question 8

changing class- offe

Answer 8

no more jobs for life

Question 9

changing class- skeggs

Answer 9

people have industrial attitudes towards their jobs, it’s a means to an end

Question 10

traditional gender- mulvey

Answer 10

male gaze presents girls as passive objects of male desire

Question 11

traditional gender- oakley

Answer 11

children are socialised into traditional gender roles through canalisation, manipulation, verbal appellations and domestic activities

Question 12

traditional gender- mcrobbie

Answer 12

girls participate in bedroom culture to hide away from boys

Question 13

traditional gender- willis

Answer 13

lads follow in dads footsteps

Question 14

traditional gender- mac an ghail

Answer 14

working class males face crisis of masculinity when they lost their jobs due to deindustrialisation

Question 15

traditional gender- adkins

Answer 15

women face horizontal and vertical segregation in workplace as well as sexual harrassment

Question 16

traditional gender- skelton

Answer 16

hidden curriculum socialises kids into traditional gender identities and roles

Question 17

changing gender- nixon

Answer 17

new man- launderette Levi’s advert in 1985 meant that men bought more products to enhance their appearance

Question 18

changing gender- mort

Answer 18

men started caring more about their appearance and being sexualised in the media

Question 19

changing gender- connel

Answer 19

there are new forms of masculinity emerging- hyper masculinity, subordinate masculinity

Question 20

changing gender- jackson

Answer 20

ladettes- women who are rude, heavy drinkers and act like ‘lads’

Question 21

changing gender- gauntlett

Answer 21

women are presented as ‘tougher’ in action films

Question 22

changing gender- westwood

Answer 22

new ‘transgressive female roles’ which goes beyond gender expectations

Question 23

traditional ethnic- cashmore + troyna

Answer 23

rastafarians turn inwards to resist racism

Question 24

traditional ethnic- coard

Answer 24

education is ethnocentric and focuses on british history

Question 25

traditional ethnic- ghuman

Answer 25

asian parents push children to conform to asian culture

Question 26

traditional ethnic- anwar

Answer 26

culture clash between asian parents and westernised children

Question 27

traditional ethnic- gillborn

Answer 27

black boys face institutional racism and labelling in school

Question 28

traditional ethnic- sewell

Answer 28

black afro-caribbean boys adopt hypermasculine identities from imitating role models

Question 29

changing ethnic- back

Answer 29

asian, black and white youths sharing culture in south london

Question 30

changing ethnic- gill

Answer 30

blasian and brasian identities are forming

Question 31

changing ethnic- burdsey

Answer 31

asian footballers code switching and wear a white mask around their family