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CRRAB II Week 2 KT > Trachte- ADH and Diuretics > Flashcards

Trachte- ADH and Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Why do Loop Diuretics impair hearing?

A

NKCC1 is present in the ear. When inhibited, there is not enough K+ in the cochlea.

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2
Q

What are the 2 Loop Diuretics?

A

Furosemide

Bumetanide

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3
Q

Which part of the loop do the loop diuretics work?

What pump and where?

A

Thick ascending limb

NKCC pump, lumenal side of cell

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4
Q

Where does hydrochlorothiazide work?

What channel?

A

Distal Tubule

Na Cl Symporter on lumenal side of cell

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5
Q

What are the 2 thiazide diuretics?

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

Chlorthalidone

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6
Q

What receptor do thiazides bind?

A

SUR on the K+ channel

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7
Q

What is the normal effect of glucose on a cell of the distal tubule?

A

Glucose -> ATP in cell -> Inhibits K+ exit -> Depolarizes cell -> Ca ++ enters -> Insulin is excreted

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8
Q

What happens when thiazides bind to SUR?

A

K+ leaves cell –> Cell hyperpolarizes –> No insulin –> Hyperglycemia

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9
Q

Why are thiazides vasodilators?

A

They hyperpolarize blood vessel cells too! Less Ca++ can get in because cell is hyperpolarized.

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10
Q

What condition to thiazides predispose patients to?

What is increased?

A

Gout

Uric Acid

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11
Q

What 4 comorbid conditions are thiazides good for?

A

CHF
CAD
Diabetes
Stroke

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12
Q

What drugs are good post MI to prevent K+ wasting?

A

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

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13
Q

What is the MOA of Spironolactone and Eplerenone?

A

Aldosterone Receptor Blockers

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14
Q

What drugs inhibit ENaC?

A

Triamterine

Amiloride

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15
Q

What is the effect of inhibiting ENaC?

A

More Sodium is excreted

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16
Q

Where is aldosterone made?

A

Cortex glomerulosa of adrenal gland

17
Q

What kind of receptor does ADH bind?

What is the outcome?

A

GPCR

Increased aquaporin insertion into the membrane

18
Q

What is demecocycline?

A

Antibiotic with some activity as an ADH antagonist

19
Q

MOA of mannitol?

A

Major osmotic diuretic

Not reabsorbed in nephron and therefore exerts an osmotic effect to retain water in lumen

20
Q

When would you use mannitol?

A

To reduced body water or to reduce intracranial or intraocular pressure

21
Q

MOA Probenicid

A

Inhibits renal organic acid transporter to facilitate excretion (Treatment for gout because inhibits uric acid reabsorption)

22
Q

MOA Sulfinpyrazone

A

Inhibits renal organic acid transporter to facilitate excretion
(Treatment for gout because inhibits uric acid reabsorption)

23
Q

MOA Allopurinol

A

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

24
Q

Colchicine

A

Microtubule inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties, used to treat gout

25
Q

What drug prevents fibrotic changes in kidneys and hearts caused by aldosterone and has been shown to improve survival in heart failure?

A

Eplerenone

26
Q

What is the synthetic form of vasopressin?

A

Desmopressin

CRRAB II Week 2 KT (12 decks)

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