Ach Lab 5-Kidneys & Suprarenal Glands Flashcards

1
Q

Nephroptosis

A

Floating/dropped kidney that causes the ureter to become kinked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hydronephrosis

A

Distension of renal pelvis and calyces caused by an obstruction of the lower urinary tract and a back up or urine into these

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do the kidneys develop?

A

In the pelvis and they ascend during the 9th week of development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Horseshoe kidney

A

Kidney inferior poles fuse across the midline. Normal ascent is prevented by the inferior mesenteric vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is meant by “water under the bridge?”

A

water being urine in the ureters!

The ureters go underneath the gonadal vessels and uterine vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 places within the ureters that kidney stones can lodge?

A
  1. Where the renal pelvis narrows to form the ureter
  2. Pelvic brim
  3. Oblique entrance to the bladder
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

By what two mechanisms do the ureters move urine?

A

Gravity

Peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which visceral afferents innervate the ureters and allow us to experience “loin to groin” pain?

A

T11-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bifid ureter

A

2 ureters instead of 1 ureter leaving the kidney! works just fine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

At what vertebral level is the caval opening in the diaphragm?

A

T8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

At what vertebral level is the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm?

A

T10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

At what vertebral level is the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm?

A

T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the insertion of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What structure narrows down to form the thoracic duct?

A

Cisterna chyli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What forms the lumbar plexus?

A

Ventral rami of L1-L3 and 1/2 of L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When we remove the GI tract, what 2 circulations are we separating?

A

Portal from systemic

17
Q

What is the medulla of the suprarenal glands derived from?

A

Neural crest cells

18
Q

Where do the superior suprarenal arteries come from?

A

Inferior phrenic arteries

19
Q

Where do the middle suprarenal arteries come from?

A

Aorta

20
Q

Where do the inferior suprarenal arteries come from?

A

Renal arteries

21
Q

What does the R suprarenal vein drain into?

A

IVC

22
Q

What does the L suprarenal vein drain into?

A

Left renal vein

23
Q

What is the vertebral level of the kidneys?

A

Retroperitoneally at T12-L3

24
Q

What is the “nutcracker” area?

A

Compression of L renal vein by superior mesenteric artery (it passes under here) and/or abdominal aorta or other viscera or tumors

25
Q

What is a variocele?

A

Obstruction of the renal vein (usually left) causes a back up of blood down into the left gonadal vein which dilates the pampiniform plexus within the scrotum